Mondrian商业智能实践指南

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"Mondrian in Action"知识点总结 "Mondrian in Action"是一本关于Mondrian开源业务分析工具的英文书籍，作者是William D. Back、Nicholas Goodman和Julian Hyde。Mondrian是基于ROLAP（Relational OLAP）技术的开源业务分析工具，用于构建商业智能系统。 **Mondrian简介** Mondrian是基于Java语言开发的开源业务分析工具，提供了一个灵活的框架来构建商业智能系统。Mondrian支持多种数据源，包括关系数据库、多维数据库和其他数据存储系统。Mondrian还提供了一个灵活的报表设计工具，允许用户根据需要设计和生成报表。 **Mondrian的主要特点** 1. 基于ROLAP技术：Mondrian使用ROLAP（Relational OLAP）技术来实现业务分析，支持对关系数据库和多维数据库的访问。 2. 开源免费：Mondrian是开源免费的，用户可以免费使用和修改Mondrian。 3. 灵活的报表设计：Mondrian提供了一个灵活的报表设计工具，允许用户根据需要设计和生成报表。 4. 多种数据源支持：Mondrian支持多种数据源，包括关系数据库、多维数据库和其他数据存储系统。 **Mondrian在业务分析中的应用** Mondrian广泛应用于业务分析和商业智能领域，例如： 1. 数据分析：Mondrian可以用于数据分析和报表生成，帮助企业更好地理解数据和做出更明智的决策。 2. 商业智能：Mondrian可以用于构建商业智能系统，提供实时的业务数据分析和报表生成。 3. 报表生成：Mondrian可以用于生成各种报表，例如财务报表、销售报表、生产报表等。 **Mondrian的优点** 1. 灵活性：Mondrian提供了一个灵活的框架，允许用户根据需要设计和生成报表。 2. 可扩展性：Mondrian是基于Java语言开发的，可以轻松地与其他Java应用程序集成。 3. 成本低廉：Mondrian是开源免费的，降低了企业的成本支出。 **Mondrian的缺点** 1. 学习曲线陡峭：Mondrian需要一定的技术基础和业务知识，初学者可能需要花费一些时间来学习和掌握。 2. 配置复杂：Mondrian的配置需要一定的技术基础和经验，否则可能会出现一些问题。 Mondrian是一个功能强大且灵活的业务分析工具，广泛应用于商业智能和数据分析领域。

ABOUT

THIS

BOOK

■

Chapter 1 introduces you to business analytics and why you’d want to use a tool

like Mondrian. After reading this chapter you should have an understanding of

the problem that Mondrian is trying to solve. You’ll also understand how Mon-

drian fits into the larger business analytics architecture.

■

Chapter 2 gives you a high-level overview of Mondrian and how it works to sup-

port the enterprise. This chapter provides general context for most of the rest

of the book. By reading this chapter you should understand what Mondrian can

do for your organization.

■

Chapter 3 introduces the concept of star schemas and data marts. This chapter

explains why and how to organize the data for maximum effectiveness with

Mondrian. After finishing this chapter you’ll understand why certain data orga-

nization is better than others and how to create data marts for your solution.

■

Chapter 4 presents the fundamentals of the Mondrian schema. This schema

logically describes the data in the database. You’ll be able to create your own

schemas for analysis after reading this chapter.

■

Chapter 5 expands on chapter 4 and looks at advanced schema features. It

includes features such as parent-child hierarchies and hanger dimensions that

allow you to model more complex data. After reading this chapter and chap-

ter 4 you’ll know the vast majority of all Mondrian schema features.

■

Chapter 6 introduces the concept of roles and security. You’ll learn how to

restrict access to data for users based on their role—for example, limiting cost

information to cost accountants and financial managers.

■

Chapter 7 talks about how to maximize Mondrian performance. In particular

you’ll learn how to create and configure aggregate tables and use advanced in-

memory caching features to make analysis with Mondrian even faster.

■

Chapter 8 revisits the question of security to include dynamically setting access

to data as well as support for multi-tenancy. This chapter is of particular interest

to anyone managing a large-scale Mondrian installation with many users,

including external clients.

■

Chapter 9 talks about how Mondrian is used within Pentaho, the leading open

source business analytics framework. You will learn how to use Mondrian as a

source for analytics, reporting, and dashboards. This chapter also describes

using Mondrian with the Community Dashboard Framework, a popular open

source plug-in for Pentaho.

■

Chapter 10 is for the developers who want to either embed Mondrian into their

application or use it as a source of analytics data. Detailed examples are pro-

vided to help you create your own solutions.

■

Chapter 11 wraps up the book with an overview of some advanced analytics top-

ics. It shows how to perform advanced analytics within Mondrian and use popu-

lar data mining tools. We also place Mondrian in the Big Data landscape.

ABOUT

THIS

BOOK

xvi

Recommended reading

Table 1 shows the chapter likely to be of most interest to each type of reader. That’s not

to say that the other chapters won’t also be of interest, but that these are most relevant.

Code conventions and downloads

The code in this book is generally in individual listings. When code is inline it’ll be

specified by code markings to make it easily identifiable. Code is set in a

fixed-width

font

this

Note that the listings only show what’s necessary to explain something. You should

download the software to get the full examples. See appendix A for more information

on how to download the software; go to the publisher’s website at www.manning.com/

MondrianinAction to download the examples.

Software requirements

The code in this book, when specific to Mondrian, is for Mondrian 4.0. Most will work

with Mondrian 3.5 or later. Mondrian 4.0 will be released as part of Pentaho 5.1 in

early 2014. You can currently use Mondrian 4.0 with Saiku, which was used to validate

the examples in this book. If you encounter problems with the code examples in this

book, please let the authors know in the Manning Author Online forum.

In addition to the software described in appendix A, you’ll need a system capable

of running Java and a web browser. The code has been tested with Java 1.6, but should

also run on Java 1.7 or later. You’ll also need a database that’s supported by Mondrian,

such as My

SQL

or Postgre

SQL

Table 1 Relevant chapters by reader

Chapter

Business

Analyst

Data

Architect

Enterprise

Architect

Application

Developer

Chapter 1, “Beyond reporting: business

analytics”

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Chapter 2, “Mondrian: a first look”

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Chapter 3, “Creating the data mart”

✓

Chapter 4, “Multidimensional modeling: making

analytics data accessible”

✓ ✓

Chapter 5, “How schemas grow”

✓ ✓

Chapter 6, “Securing data”

✓ ✓

Chapter 7, “Maximizing Mondrian performance”

✓ ✓

Chapter 8, “Dynamic security”

✓ ✓

Chapter 9, “Working with Mondrian and Pentaho”

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Chapter 10, “Developing with Mondrian”

✓ ✓

Chapter 11, “Advanced analytics”

✓ ✓

ABOUT

THIS

BOOK

xvii

IDE

that supports

HTML

, Javascript,

XML

, and Java, such as IntelliJ Idea or

Eclipse, is ideal but not required. You can enter all of the examples in a text editor

and compile from the command line. But an

IDE

will make it a lot easier.

Author Online

The purchase of Mondrian in Action includes free access to a private web forum run by

Manning Publications, where you can make comments about the book, ask technical

questions, and receive help from the authors and from other users. To access the

forum and subscribe to it, point your web browser at www.manning.com/Mondrian-

inAction. This page provides information on how to get on the forum once you are

registered, what kind of help is available, and the rules of conduct on the forum.

Manning’s commitment to our readers is to provide a venue where a meaningful

dialogue between individual readers and between readers and the authors can take

place. It’s not a commitment to any specific amount of participation on the part of the

authors, whose contribution to the forum remains voluntary (and unpaid). We sug-

gest you try asking the authors some challenging questions, lest their interest stray!

The Author Online forum and archives of previous discussions will be accessible

from the publisher’s website as long as the book is in print.

About the cover illustration

The figure on the cover of Mondrian in Action is captioned a “Man from Konavle.” The

illustration is taken from the reproduction published in 2006 of a 19th-century collec-

tion of costumes and ethnographic descriptions entitled Dalmatia by Professor Frane

Carrara (1812 – 1854), an archaeologist and historian, and the first director of the

Museum of Antiquity in Split, Croatia. The illustrations were obtained from a helpful

librarian at the Ethnographic Museum (formerly the Museum of Antiquity), itself situ-

ated in the Roman core of the medieval center of Split: the ruins of Emperor Diocle-

tian’s retirement palace from around

304. The book includes finely colored

illustrations of figures from different regions of Croatia, accompanied by descriptions

of the costumes and of everyday life.

Konavle is a small town located southeast of Dubrovnik, Croatia. The man on the

cover is wearing dark blue woolen trousers and an embroidered red vest over a white

linen shirt. Over his shoulders is draped a brown woolen shawl, and a gold sash and

red leggings complete his outfit. In his hand he holds a long pipe, and pistols and a

musket are visible, stuck in his sash and hanging over his shoulder.

At a time when it is hard to tell one computer book from another, Manning cele-

brates the inventiveness and initiative of the computer business with book covers

based on the rich diversity of regional life of two centuries ago, brought back to life by

illustrations from collections such as this one.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

xix

Many a poorly written section or so-so graphic was improved by input from our review-

ers: Aiden Humphreys, Alexander Helf, Barry Polley, Dan McCreary, Filip Rem-

białkowski, Garry Turkington, Greg Soulsby, Lorenzo De Leon, Marc-Steffen Kaesz,

Mark Newman, Marko Viitanen, Matt Taylor, Nadia Noori, Najib Coutya, Owen Kaser,

Ron Steiger, Saeed Alhajyousef, Salvatore Piccione, and Simon (Zihong) Wang. Thanks

also to David Fombella Pombal and Gavin Whyte for their careful technical review of the

final chapters shortly before they went into production.

WILLIAM BACK

You always read about how much work writing a book is and how it takes a team. The

reality of that fact didn’t hit me until I attempted to write a book of my own. My first

clue that I was taking on a large project should’ve been when former authors told me

what a great idea it was, but declined to participate. It’s a lot of work, and it does take

a lot of help.

I have to first thank my wife, Tara, and my children, Lauren and Nathan. They’ve

been very patient in allowing me to spend hours and weekends locked away in my

office or talking with my coauthors. Family support is a must because of the time it

takes to write a book.

I also want to thank my coauthors, Julian Hyde and Nick Goodman. They had

much more experience and background with past versions of Mondrian and provided

a lot of insight into how Mondrian can and should be used. The Mondrian 4.0 fea-

tures in this book would’ve been impossible to include without Julian’s knowledge of

the latest version.

NICHOLAS GOODMAN

It’s easy to wonder why anyone would write a book at all; it’s immensely time-consuming,

requires more effort than anyone thinks or knows, and can be downright frustrating.

This book, however, is something I’m proud to have been a part of, and it certainly would

not have happened by me alone.

Julian Hyde is a long-time colleague and friend, and I’m grateful we were able to

work on this project together. His efforts shepherding Mondrian over the course of a

decade are commendable, and his talents numerous. I’m honored that he and Bill

asked me to play a small part as coauthor on this much-overdue project.

Bill Back is the heart and soul of this book! His desire to learn, explore, perfect,

communicate, and teach are all present, and in no uncertain terms this book wouldn’t

have made it past a proposal had it not been for his desire to do this project well. If

there were a way to make Bill’s name 10x the size of mine on the cover, he’d deserve

all that extra credit and more!

To my wife, Kathleen, who listened to me complain and wondered why I ever took

on this project, but still encouraged me to just “go work on the book for a couple

hours” here and there—you are the only reason the team at Manning received any

content from me. To my daughter, Emmeline, who was born during the final days of

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