全面指南：Node.js JavaScript无处不在

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"《Node.js JavaScript Everywhere》是一本由Guillermo Rauch撰写的优秀著作，由John Wiley and Sons Ltd出版，首次发表于2012年。这本书聚焦于Node.js和JavaScript这两项关键的IT技术，旨在帮助读者全面理解和掌握在现代开发环境中如何利用Node.js进行高效的服务器端编程和实时应用程序构建。 Node.js作为一个基于Chrome V8引擎的JavaScript运行时环境，它允许开发者在服务器端使用JavaScript语言，打破了传统的服务器与客户端编程的界限，实现了高性能、异步I/O处理和实时通信。书中详细介绍了Node.js的核心概念，如事件驱动架构、非阻塞I/O模型、以及其NPM（Node Package Manager）的模块管理机制，这些都是Node.js独特且强大的特性。 JavaScript Everywhere则意味着本书不仅涵盖了Node.js，还深入探讨了JavaScript在Web开发、浏览器应用、移动开发等全方位的应用场景。作者通过实例和实战项目，展示了JavaScript如何在不同平台上发挥威力，无论是后端服务器还是前端交互，甚至是桌面和移动应用的开发。版权方面，该书严格遵循英国1988年的《版权、设计和专利法》，保护作者权益。所有内容未经许可，不得以任何形式复制、存储或传输，包括电子方式，除非符合法律规定。此外，需要注意的是，部分纸质版中的内容可能不适用于电子版书籍。《Node.js JavaScript Everywhere》是一本适合从初级到高级开发者阅读的实用指南，无论你是想要学习Node.js的新手，还是希望扩展JavaScript技能的全栈工程师，都能从中受益匪浅。通过阅读这本书，读者将能更好地理解并掌握这两种技术，提升自己的IT技能，并适应快速发展的IT行业趋势。"

2 INTRODUCTION

Taking back control of the web server, as you’ll see, resulted in a new category of applications

being developed on top of Node.JS: real time web apps. Very fast data streaming between a

server and thousands of concurrent clients is common currency in Node. is means that not

only are you going to be creating more ecient programs, but you’ll be part of a community

that’s pushing the boundaries of what we thought was achievable in the web world.

With Node, you are in charge. And with that capability comes a set of new challenges and

responsibilities that this book carefully examines.

APPROACH

First and foremost, Smashing Node.JS is a book about JavaScript. Your knowledge of JavaScript

is absolutely required, and therefore I dedicate an initial chapter to the concepts of JavaScript

that, in my opinion and experience, matter most.

As you learn later, Node.JS strives to create an environment where the browser developer feels

comfortable. Common expressions that are not part of the language specication but were

added by browsers instead, such as setTimeout and console.log, are still available in

Node.JS to this end.

Aer you make it past the “memory refreshing” phase, you go right into Node. Node comes

with a lot of useful modules as part of its core, and a revolutionarily simple package manager

called NPM. is book teaches you to build things leveraging only the Node core modules,

and then a selection of the most useful abstractions the community has built on top of it, that

you can install with NPM.

Before we jump into a module designed for solving a specic problem, I usually try to go

through the hurdles of solving the same problem without them rst. e best way to under-

stand a tool is to understand why the tool exists in the rst place. erefore, before you learn

about a web framework, you’ll learn why it’s better than using Node.JS HTTP primitives.

Before you learn how to build an app with a cross-browser real time framework like Socket.

IO, you’ll learn the limitations of barebones HTML5 WebSockets.

is book is all about examples. Every step of the way you’ll be building a small application or

testing out dierent APIs. You can execute all the code examples in this book with the node

command, which you can use in two dierent ways:

◾ rough the node REPL (Read-Eval-Print Loop). In the same spirit as the Firebug or

Web Inspector JavaScript consoles, this approach allows you to type in some JavaScript

code, press Enter, and get it executed, right from your operating system’s command-line

interface.

◾ As les that are run through the node command. is approach requires that you use a

text editor, which you obviously already have. I personally recommend vim (http://vim.

org) for this purpose, but any of them are good.

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