Rational Rose UML教程：一步步掌握面向对象建模

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"这篇教程详细介绍了UML和Rational Rose的使用方法，旨在帮助学习者快速掌握UML语言和Rational Rose工具，适用于初学者和有一定基础的IT专业人士。" UML（统一建模语言）是一种图形化表示软件设计的标准语言，它包括多种图表，如用例图、类图、序列图、状态图和活动图等，用于描绘系统的静态结构和动态行为。在面向对象的设计中，UML起着至关重要的作用，因为它能够清晰、直观地表达复杂的设计思想，便于团队成员之间的沟通和理解。 Rational Rose是IBM公司推出的一款强大的UML建模工具，支持C/S和分布式企业环境下的软件开发。它提供了创建、编辑和管理UML模型的功能，帮助开发者实现从需求分析到系统实现的全过程建模。通过Rational Rose，用户可以生成代码，进行反向工程，以及进行系统测试和维护。本教程的结构按照软件开发的实际流程进行，从基础概念到具体实践，逐步深入。每个部分都设计了实际案例——为Classics公司开发一套新的POS系统，以此来演示如何使用Rational Rose进行业务建模和应用软件建模。教程分为多个独立单元，学习者可以根据自己的背景知识选择从任意部分开始。教程的每个部分包含以下内容： 1. 介绍：这部分会解释本节的目标和目的，帮助学习者理解为什么要进行这个阶段的建模工作。 2. 估计时间：给出完成该部分所需的大致时间，便于学习者安排学习计划。 3. 样例模型：提供一个半成品模型，供学习者按照教程指示逐步完善。 4. '试一试'部分：提供详细的指导，让学习者亲手操作，实践UML和Rational Rose的特性。 5. 已完成的模型：展示最终模型，作为学习成果的参考。 6. 特性概要：总结本部分学到的Rational Rose工具的特定功能，帮助巩固理解。无论你是UML新手还是希望提升技能的开发者，本教程都能提供宝贵的指导。通过大约10小时的学习，你将能熟练运用Rational Rose进行UML建模，并有能力解决实际项目中的业务问题。同时，对Windows操作系统、面向对象分析与设计（OOAD）基础以及UML语言的理解将对学习过程大有裨益。

Rose2000e 教程济南伟仕光电技术公司

 If the Create New Model dialog box is displayed, click the Existing tab.

Otherwise, click File > Open.

 Open the model file called Module3\start\classics-module3-start.mdl, where " is

the folder where the sample is installed.

 If you want the tutorial window to stay on top of the Rational Rose application

window, right-click on the tutorial window and click Keep Help on Top > On

Top.

 Click on the "+" to expand the Use Case View in the Rose browser.

 Click on the "+" to expand the Business Modeling package in the Use Case View.

This is where the Classics, Inc. business use-case model is located.

2、Creating a business actor

The new Internet store front business attracts a new kind of customer, an Online

Customer, which you are now going to create.

 Click on the "+" to expand the Business Actors package under Business Modeling

in the browser.

 Open the Main diagram in the Business Actors package by double-clicking the

diagram icon ( ) in the browser.

 Click on the diagram toolbox

 .Click next to the Telephone Customer in the open diagram to place the new actor.

A default name is supplied in the name box.

 With the default name still highlighted, type Online Customer (click on the default

name if no longer highlighted). Then click somewhere in the diagram.

 Double-click the Online Customer actor to open its specification.

 In the Stereotype box, select business actor.

In the Documentation box, type Any customer that purchases items by using the

online e-Commerce system.

(Each model element should have a short description to help other people to

understand what the element represents.)

 Click OK.

3、Defining actor relationship

Like the Retail Store Customer and the Telephone Customer, the Online Customer is

also a Customer. This is illustrated by a generalization relationship.

 To create a generalization relationship, click in the diagram toolbox.

 Click and drag the relationship from Online Customer to Customer.

4、检查一下结果：

Rose2000e 教程济南伟仕光电技术公司

检查一下结果：

2、Creating a business use case

One of the processes in the new Internet store front business is to browse an online

catalog of product items. You are now going to add that business use case to the model.

 Every package in the model has a Main diagram. Open the Main diagram for the

business use case package you just created, by double-clicking the package in the

diagram.

 Add a new business use case, by clicking in the diagram toolbox.

 Click somewhere in the open diagram to place the new use case there.

 Type Browse Online Catalog and click anywhere in the diagram.

 Double-click the use case and select business use case in the Stereotype box.

 Click OK.

3、Creating an association

The Browse Online Catalog business use case is used by the Online Customer. To show

that the Online Customer interacts with the Browse Online Catalog business use case, you

need to add an association between them. This exercise requires that you created a new actor,

called Online Customer, in a previous exercise.

 Add the new actor to the diagram, by dragging from the browser

into the diagram.

 Click in the diagram toolbox.

 Click and drag from Online Customer, to the Online Catalog use case.

 The arrow indicates that the direction of the communication is from the actor to the

business use case. Because the communication is bi-directional, you need to

change the navigability of the association. To do that, right-click on the actor side

(the Online Customer) of the association and click Navigable.

 The association becomes bi-directional, which is indicated by a straight line. This

means that the direction of the communication is from the actor to the business use

case and vice versa.

4、Extending a business use case

At any time when the customer browses the online catalog, the customer can purchase

an item. To enable this optional feature, you will create a new use case that extends the

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