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首页嵌入式Linux实战指南(第2版):实践与现实应用
嵌入式Linux实战指南(第2版):实践与现实应用
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更新于2024-07-19
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"《嵌入式Linux入门指南:实践与现实世界的方法(第二版)》是一本实用的专业技术参考书籍,由Christopher Hallinan所著,隶属于Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference系列。本书针对的是嵌入式Linux领域的初学者和专业人士,旨在提供一个实际且符合真实工作环境的学习路径。 第二版在保留第一版的基础上,对内容进行了更新和完善,以适应不断发展的技术趋势。它涵盖了嵌入式系统设计的基本概念、Linux内核的安装和配置、硬件驱动程序的开发、实时操作系统特性的理解、以及如何将Linux部署在嵌入式设备上。读者不仅能学习到理论知识,还能通过实例了解如何解决实际问题,提升在嵌入式Linux项目中的技能。 书中强调了实践的重要性,鼓励读者动手操作,通过编写代码和进行系统调试来深化理解。此外,对于版权方面,作者和出版社明确声明,部分制造商和销售商使用的商标已声明为注册商标,本书中提及这些标志时,会用大写字母或首字母大写表示尊重。 在法律条款方面,尽管作者和出版社已经尽力确保信息准确,但不提供任何形式的明示或默示保修,并对由此产生的任何间接或附带损害不承担责任。本书适用于批量购买或特殊销售,包括电子版本和定制封面的选择,出版社为此提供了优惠。 《嵌入式Linux Primer》是那些希望在嵌入式领域深入探索并寻求实战经验的读者的理想选择,无论你是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者,都能从中找到有价值的知识和指导。无论是学习嵌入式系统开发、设备驱动编程,还是进行硬件与软件集成,这本书都提供了实用的工具和策略。"
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ptg
xvi Embedded Linux Primer, Second Edition
10.2 MTD Partitions . .............................................................................................. 267
10.2.1 Redboot Partition Table Partitioning .......................................................... 269
10.2.2 Kernel Command-Line Partitioning .......................................................... 273
10.2.3 Mapping Driver ......................................................................................... 274
10.2.4 Flash Chip Drivers ..................................................................................... 276
10.2.5 Board-Specific Initialization ....................................................................... 276
10.3 MTD Utilities . ................................................................................................. 279
10.3.1 JFFS2 Root File System ............................................................................. 281
10.4 UBI File System . .............................................................................................. 284
10.4.1 Configuring for UBIFS .............................................................................. 284
10.4.2 Building a UBIFS Image ............................................................................ 284
10.4.3 Using UBIFS as the Root File System ........................................................ 287
10.5 Summary . ......................................................................................................... 287
10.5.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading ............................................................ 288
Chapter 11 BusyBox ............................................................................................289
11.1 Introduction to BusyBox . ................................................................................. 290
11.1.1 BusyBox Is Easy ......................................................................................... 291
11.2 BusyBox Configuration . ................................................................................... 291
11.2.1 Cross-Compiling BusyBox ......................................................................... 293
11.3 BusyBox Operation . ......................................................................................... 293
11.3.1 BusyBox
init . ......................................................................................... 297
11.3.2 Sample rcS Initialization Script ................................................................ 299
11.3.3 BusyBox Target Installation . ...................................................................... 300
11.3.4 BusyBox Applets . ...................................................................................... 302
11.4 Summary . ......................................................................................................... 303
11.4.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading . .......................................................... 304
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ptg
Contents xvii
Chapter 12 Embedded Development Environment .............................................305
12.1 Cross-Development Environment . ................................................................... 306
12.1.1 “Hello World” Embedded . ........................................................................ 307
12.2 Host System Requirements . .............................................................................. 311
12.2.1 Hardware Debug Probe . ........................................................................... 311
12.3 Hosting Target Boards . ..................................................................................... 312
12.3.1 TFTP Server . ............................................................................................ 312
12.3.2 BOOTP/DHCP Server. ............................................................................ 313
12.3.3 NFS Server . .............................................................................................. 316
12.3.4 Target NFS Root Mount . .......................................................................... 318
12.3.5 U-Boot NFS Root Mount Example . ......................................................... 320
12.4 Summary . ......................................................................................................... 322
12.4.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading . .......................................................... 323
Chapter 13 Development Tools ...........................................................................325
13.1 GNU Debugger (GDB) . .................................................................................. 326
13.1.1 Debugging a Core Dump .......................................................................... 327
13.1.2 Invoking GDB ........................................................................................... 329
13.1.3 Debug Session in GDB .............................................................................. 331
13.2 Data Display Debugger ..................................................................................... 333
13.3
cbrowser/cscope .......................................................................................... 335
13.4 Tracing and Profiling Tools . .............................................................................. 337
13.4.1 strace ..................................................................................................... 337
13.4.2 strace Variations ..................................................................................... 341
13.4.3 ltrace ..................................................................................................... 343
13.4.4 ps .............................................................................................................. 344
13.4.5 top ............................................................................................................ 346
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ptg
xviii Embedded Linux Primer, Second Edition
13.4.6 mtrace . ................................................................................................... 348
13.4.7 dmalloc . ................................................................................................. 350
13.4.8 Kernel Oops . ............................................................................................ 353
13.5 Binary Utilities . ................................................................................................ 355
13.5.1 readelf . ................................................................................................. 355
13.5.2 Examining Debug Information Using readelf . ...................................... 357
13.5.3 objdump . ................................................................................................. 359
13.5.4 objcopy . ................................................................................................. 360
13.6 Miscellaneous Binary Utilities . ......................................................................... 361
13.6.1 strip ....................................................................................................... 361
13.6.2 addr2line . ............................................................................................. 361
13.6.3 strings . ................................................................................................. 362
13.6.4 ldd . .......................................................................................................... 362
13.6.5 nm . ............................................................................................................ 363
13.6.6 prelink . ................................................................................................. 364
13.7 Summary . ......................................................................................................... 364
13.7.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading . .......................................................... 365
Chapter 14 Kernel Debugging Techniques ..........................................................367
14.1 Challenges to Kernel Debugging ....................................................................... 368
14.2 Using KGDB for Kernel Debugging . ............................................................... 369
14.2.1 KGDB Kernel Configuration . ................................................................... 371
14.2.2 Target Boot with KGDB Support . ............................................................. 372
14.2.3 Useful Kernel Breakpoints .......................................................................... 376
14.2.4 Sharing a Console Serial Port with KGDB ................................................. 377
14.2.5 Debugging Very Early Kernel Code ........................................................... 379
14.2.6 KGDB Support in the Mainline Kernel ..................................................... 380
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ptg
Contents xix
14.3 Kernel Debugging Techniques . ......................................................................... 381
14.3.1 gdb Remote Serial Protocol ........................................................................ 382
14.3.2 Debugging Optimized Kernel Code ........................................................... 385
14.3.3 GDB User-Defined Commands ................................................................. 392
14.3.4 Useful Kernel GDB Macros ....................................................................... 393
14.3.5 Debugging Loadable Modules. .................................................................. 402
14.3.6 printk Debugging ................................................................................... 407
14.3.7 Magic SysReq Key ..................................................................................... 409
14.4 Hardware-Assisted Debugging . ......................................................................... 410
14.4.1 Programming Flash Using a JTAG Probe ................................................... 411
14.4.2 Debugging with a JTAG Probe .................................................................. 413
14.5 When It Doesn’t Boot . ..................................................................................... 417
14.5.1 Early Serial Debug Output ........................................................................ 417
14.5.2 Dumping the printk Log Buffer ............................................................. 417
14.5.3 KGDB on Panic . ....................................................................................... 420
14.6 Summary . ......................................................................................................... 421
14.6.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading ............................................................ 422
Chapter 15 Debugging Embedded Linux Applications .......................................423
15.1 Target Debugging .............................................................................................. 424
15.2 Remote (Cross) Debugging . ............................................................................. 424
15.2.1 gdbserver ........................................................................................... 427
15.3 Debugging with Shared Libraries . .................................................................... 429
15.3.1 Shared Library Events in GDB ................................................................... 431
15.4 Debugging Multiple Tasks . ............................................................................... 435
15.4.1 Debugging Multiple Processes .................................................................... 435
15.4.2 Debugging Multithreaded Applications ..................................................... 438
15.4.3 Debugging Bootloader/Flash Code ............................................................ 441
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ptg
xx Embedded Linux Primer, Second Edition
15.5 Additional Remote Debug Options . ................................................................. 442
15.5.1 Debugging Using a Serial Port . ................................................................. 442
15.5.2 Attaching to a Running Process . ............................................................... 442
15.6 Summary . ......................................................................................................... 443
15.6.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading . .......................................................... 444
Chapter 16 Open Source Build Systems ..............................................................445
16.1 Why Use a Build System? .................................................................................. 446
16.2 Scratchbox. ....................................................................................................... 447
16.2.1 Installing Scratchbox . ................................................................................ 447
16.2.2 Creating a Cross-Compilation Target . ....................................................... 448
16.3 Buildroot . ......................................................................................................... 451
16.3.1 Buildroot Installation . ............................................................................... 451
16.3.2 Buildroot Configuration ............................................................................ 451
16.3.3 Buildroot Build .......................................................................................... 452
16.4 OpenEmbedded . .............................................................................................. 454
16.4.1 OpenEmbedded Composition ................................................................... 455
16.4.2 BitBake Metadata ....................................................................................... 456
16.4.3 Recipe Basics .............................................................................................. 456
16.4.4 Metadata Tasks ........................................................................................... 460
16.4.5 Metadata Classes ........................................................................................ 461
16.4.6 Configuring OpenEmbedded .................................................................... 462
16.4.7 Building Images ......................................................................................... 463
16.5 Summary . ......................................................................................................... 464
16.5.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading . .......................................................... 464
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