Physica A 443 (2016) 254–262
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Physica A
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/physa
Structural diversity effects of multilayer networks on the
threshold of interacting epidemics
Weihong Wang
a
, MingMing Chen
a
, Yong Min
a,∗
, Xiaogang Jin
b
a
College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310024, China
b
College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
h i g h l i g h t s
• We introduce the ‘‘top–bottom’’ framework to define multilayer networks.
• We use the framework to solve collaboration–competition coexisting epidemic model.
• We introduce three diversity indicators, i.e. richness, evenness, and likeness.
• Both level and type of network diversity affect the epidemic dynamics.
• Transmission and collaboration are trade-off in diverse multilayer networks.
a r t i c l e i n f o
Article history:
Received 19 January 2015
Received in revised form 20 May 2015
Available online 30 September 2015
Keywords:
Multiplex networks
TOP–BOTTOM modeling
Mean-field analysis
Diversity index
Collaborating epidemics
a b s t r a c t
Foodborne diseases always spread through multiple vectors (e.g. fresh vegetables and
fruits) and reveal that multilayer network could spread fatal pathogen with complex in-
teractions. In this paper, first, we use a ‘‘top-down analysis framework that depends on
only two distributions to describe a random multilayer network with any number of layers.
These two distributions are the overlaid degree distribution and the edge-type distribution
of the multilayer network. Second, based on the two distributions, we adopt three indica-
tors of multilayer network diversity to measure the correlation between network layers,
including network richness, likeness, and evenness. The network richness is the number of
layers forming the multilayer network. The network likeness is the degree of different lay-
ers sharing the same edge. The network evenness is the variance of the number of edges in
every layer. Third, based on a simple epidemic model, we analyze the influence of network
diversity on the threshold of interacting epidemics with the coexistence of collaboration
and competition. Our work extends the ‘‘top-down’’ analysis framework to deal with the
more complex epidemic situation and more diversity indicators and quantifies the trade-
off between thresholds of inter-layer collaboration and intra-layer transmission.
© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Over the last decade, the use of the network has been proved to be a powerful approach to model the structural
complexity of complex systems [1–5]. A large body of theoretical literature discusses how network structures may shape
the spread of infectious diseases and influence the design of optimal control strategies [6–8]. Such works usually focus
on the single network and isolated epidemics. In most of the real-world complex systems, however, nodes in the system
∗
Corresponding author.
E-mail address: myong@zjut.edu.cn (Y. Min).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2015.09.064
0378-4371/© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.