MySQL入门指南：安装到优化全方位解析

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" Beginning MySQL" 是一本由 Robert Sheldon 和 Geoff Moes 合著的书籍，主要针对初学者，全面覆盖了MySQL数据库的安装、设计、程序开发、管理以及性能调优等多个方面。 MySQL 是一个广泛使用的开源关系型数据库管理系统（RDBMS），以其高效、稳定和易于管理的特点，在互联网应用中占据重要地位。这本书详细介绍了如何开始使用MySQL，包括以下关键知识点： 1. **MySQL安装**：书中会指导读者如何在不同的操作系统上安装MySQL，包括Windows、Linux和Mac OS等，涉及安装过程中的注意事项和配置设置。 2. **数据库设计**：讲解了数据库的基本概念，如实体关系模型（ER模型）、数据类型选择、表的设计、主键和外键的使用，以及如何创建和修改数据库结构。 3. **SQL语言基础**：涵盖SQL语句的使用，包括数据查询（SELECT语句）、数据插入（INSERT语句）、更新（UPDATE语句）和删除（DELETE语句）。还会讨论更高级的SQL特性，如JOIN操作、子查询、聚合函数以及视图的创建和使用。 4. **程序开发**：介绍如何在各种编程语言（如PHP、Python、Java等）中集成MySQL，进行数据存取，包括连接数据库、执行SQL语句和处理结果集的方法。 5. **数据库管理**：讲解用户权限管理、备份与恢复策略、日志管理以及如何优化数据库性能，例如索引的创建和使用、查询优化等。 6. **性能调优**：探讨如何通过调整MySQL服务器的配置参数、优化查询、分区表和复制技术来提升系统性能。 7. **安全性和最佳实践**：书中也会强调数据库的安全性，如何设置安全的用户权限，防止SQL注入攻击，以及遵循的最佳实践来保护数据。本书不仅适合初次接触MySQL的新手，也对有一定经验的开发者提供了实用的参考资料，帮助他们深入理解MySQL的工作原理，并提升在实际项目中的应用能力。通过阅读这本书，读者可以逐步掌握MySQL的各个核心功能，并能够熟练地应用于实际工作场景。

Contents

Summary 721

Exercises 721

Chapter 19: Connecting to MySQL from an ASP.NET/C# Application 723

Introduction to ASP.NET/C# 724

Building an ASP.NET/C# Application 725

Setting up the ASP.NET Web Page 725

Declaring and Initializing Variables 725

Connecting to a MySQL Database 727

Retrieving Data from a MySQL Database 728

Processing the Result Set 729

Manipulating String Data 730

Converting Values 731

Working with HTML Forms 732

Redirecting Browsers 733

Including ASP.NET Files 733

Managing Exceptions 734

Creating a Basic ASP.NET/C# Application 735

Inserting and Updating Data in a MySQL Database 748

Adding Insert and Update Functionality to Your Application 750

Deleting Data from a MySQL Database 773

Summary 777

Exercises 778

Appendix A: Exercise Answers 781

Chapter 1 781

Exercises Solutions 781

Chapter 2 782

Exercises Solutions 782

Chapter 3 782

Exercises Solutions 782

Chapter 4 783

Exercises Solutions 783

Chapter 5 784

Exercises Solutions 784

Chapter 6 785

Exercises Solutions 785

Chapter 7 786

Exercises Solutions 786

Chapter 8 787

Exercises Solutions 787

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Introduction

Welcome to Beginning MySQL, the definitive resource for anyone new to the MySQL database manage-

ment system. As the most popular open source database system in the world, MySQL has gained not only

recognition among its peers but a place of prominence in the worldwide technical industry, ensuring an

ever-growing need for information and training on how to implement a MySQL database and access and

manage data in that database.

Because of its ease of implementation, low overhead, reliability, and lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO),

MySQL has made remarkable inroads in the database management system market. As a result, the number

of programmers who must connect to a MySQL database and embed SQL statements in their applications

is growing steadily. There are now over five million MySQL installations worldwide, and that number is

increasing rapidly. In addition, MySQL supports connectivity to numerous application languages and envi-

ronments, including C, C++, PHP, ASP, ASP.NET, Java, Perl, C#, and Python, and it can be implemented on

a number of platforms, including Windows, Linux, Unix, Solaris, FreeBSD, Mac OS, and HP-UX.

Corporate implementations continue to grow and include such companies as Yahoo!, Cox Communications,

Google, Cisco, Texas Instruments, UPS, Sabre Holdings, HP, and the Associated Press. Even NASA and the

U.S. Census Bureau have implemented MySQL solutions. MySQL has been proven to work in large deploy-

ments, while reducing system downtimes and administrative overhead and lowering hardware expendi-

tures and licensing costs.

As organizations continue to seek ways to cut their TCO, MySQL will continue to gain in popularity—

and its user-base will continue to grow. As a result, MySQL will gain further ground in becoming a

prominent force in the industry. To meet this demand, Beginning MySQL provides you with a valuable

resource and step-by-step learning tool that supplies you with the background information, examples,

and hands-on exercises that you need to implement MySQL and manage data in its databases. Concepts

are introduced in a logical manner, with each chapter building on the previous chapters. By the end of

this book, you’ll have a complete foundation in MySQL, its implementation, and the methods necessary

to connect to databases and manipulate data.

Who This Book Is For

Before beginning any book that covers a computer technology such as MySQL, it’s always useful to

know who the book is intended for, what assumptions are made about your level of knowledge, and

what system setup—if any—is required to perform the exercises in the book. Beginning MySQL is no

exception. So before you delve into the book too deeply, take a closer look at each of these issues.

Because MySQL is such a robust, flexible, and easy-to-implement application, a beginner’s book about

the product will benefit a wide audience, both at home and at the office. The primary audience for

Beginning MySQL can be any of the following readers:

❑ Experienced PHP, Java, or ASP.NET programmers who are developing applications that access

backend databases and who are new to MySQL

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Introduction

❑ Experienced application programmers in any language who are new to MySQL and who want

to better understand how to implement a MySQL database and use SQL as it is implemented in

MySQL

❑ Experienced SQL programmers new to MySQL

❑ Experienced database designers, administrators, or implementers who are migrating to MySQL

❑ First-time SQL programmers who have no database experience

❑ First-time database designers, administrators, or implementers new to MySQL

❑ Users new to application programming and databases

In addition to the primary audiences, Beginning MySQL can be useful to the following readers:

❑ The home user who wants to create simple databases for such information stores as address

books, CD collections, or recipes

❑ The home business owner who wants to create database applications for such tasks as managing

customers and contacts, tracking inventories, or recording orders

❑ Managers and owners of small businesses who need database solutions that are both easy and

inexpensive to implement

❑ Group managers in larger companies who need database solutions that meet immediate needs

in their groups

❑ Directors, staff, or volunteers at nonprofit organizations who require database solutions that are

simple and inexpensive to implement

❑ Any other individual who wants to learn how to create and manage a MySQL database that can

support various data-driven applications

Nearly anyone new to MySQL will be able to benefit from Beginning MySQL. In addition, users who

have had experience with earlier versions of MySQL or with other database products will be able to use

the book to refresh and expand their skills.

To benefit from Beginning MySQL, you do not have to have a strong background in databases or any

other computer technology. You should, however, have at least a basic understanding of the following:

❑ You should know to negotiate your way around your operating system environment. The book

focuses on implementing MySQL on Linux and Windows, so whichever one you choose, you

should know how to use that system to copy and access files, add programs, change system set-

tings, or whatever tasks are common to your particular environment. If you’re using a Unix-like

system other than Linux, you should find that much of the Linux-related information will apply

to your system.

❑ You will need to know how to use your Web browser to access the Internet and download files

and view information.

❑ You should know how to use a text editor to create and edit text files.

These requirements are all you really need to use Beginning MySQL successfully and learn about how to

implement MySQL databases and manage data in those databases. For Chapters 17, 18, or 19, you should

have at least basic knowledge of Web development techniques. These three chapters focus on developing

a Web application that accesses data in a MySQL database. Chapter 17 covers PHP, Chapter 18 covers

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Introduction

JSP/Java, and Chapter 19 covers ASP.NET/C#. Each chapter assumes that you have a basic knowledge of

developing an application in that language and of Web development in general. If you’re new to these

technologies and you want to build an application in one of these languages, it’s recommended that you

first review documentation specific to that language and to Web development in general.

What This Book Covers

The book uses a task-oriented structure that allows you to work through the steps necessary to install

MySQL 4.1 on Linux and Windows platforms, create and manage MySQL databases, query and manipu-

late data stored in those databases, administer the MySQL database management system, and connect to

MySQL databases from your PHP, JSP/Java, and ASP.NET/C# applications.

The next section, which describes the book’s structure, provides additional details about the specifics of

what the book covers.

How This Book Is Structured

Beginning MySQL provides you with an instructional tool that gives you a complete look at MySQL, how

it is implemented, and how it is accessed from various programming languages. The book takes a task-

oriented, step-by-step approach to explain concepts and demonstrate how those concepts are used in

real-world situations.

The structure of Beginning MySQL supports the complete beginner (those new to databases and SQL) as

well as those who are experienced with programming and other database products, but new to MySQL.

The book provides the conceptual and background information necessary for all readers to understand

individual topics, but each chapter is modular to support those readers who simply dip into different

parts of the book to use it as a reference. For example, someone completely new to databases might read

the book from cover to cover, applying information learned in one chapter to the material in the next

chapter. On the other hand, an experienced PHP programmer might want to reference only the chapters

related to SQL statements and PHP connectivity, without having to review chapters on database design

or administration.

Beginning MySQL describes and demonstrates each step necessary to create a MySQL database and access

and manage data in that database. Each chapter correlates with one of the primary tasks necessary to imple-

ment MySQL and to access data, either directly or through an application programming language. The

goal of the book is to provide you with a complete learning experience.

In Chapters 1 through 4, you are introduced to MySQL and relational databases. You are shown the steps

necessary to install MySQL on Windows and Linux, set up the initial MySQL configuration, and access

the MySQL server. You are also shown where to find MySQL components on your system and what tools

are available to access and manipulate data. Finally, you learn how to design a database that conforms to

the relational model. From this information, you will be ready to build a database in which you can store

and manage data.

Chapters 5 through 12 build on the concepts introduced to you in the first four chapters. These chapters

describe how to create databases that store data and help to enforce the integrity of that data. You then

learn how to insert data into those databases, update that data, and then delete the data. You also learn a

variety of methods to retrieve data from the database so that you can display exactly the data you need and

perform operations on that data. You are also shown the steps necessary to copy, import, and export data.

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