银纳米棒阵列SERS技术：快速检测软饮料中糖精钠
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"银纳米棒阵列SERS底物在快速灵敏检测软饮料中糖精钠的应用"
这篇研究论文发表在《Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical》期刊上，探讨了利用银纳米棒阵列（Silver Nanorod Array，SNA）作为表面增强拉曼光谱（Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy，SERS）底物，来快速、灵敏地检测软饮料中的糖精钠（Sodium Saccharin）这一主题。糖精钠是一种常用的食品添加剂，作为人工甜味剂广泛用于各种食品和饮料中。然而，过量摄入可能对人体健康产生负面影响，因此，对食品和饮料中糖精钠的准确检测至关重要。
SERS 是一种强大的光谱技术，它能显著增强吸附在其表面上分子的拉曼散射信号，使原本微弱的信号变得可检测。银纳米棒阵列作为SERS底物，其独特的优势在于其高均匀性、大比表面积以及优良的增强效果，这使得检测限可以达到极低水平。文章中，研究人员设计并制备了银纳米棒阵列，通过优化其尺寸和排列方式来最大化SERS效应。
实验部分，作者们将软饮料样品与银纳米棒阵列接触，通过SERS技术收集和分析信号。他们可能比较了不同浓度糖精钠溶液的SERS信号，以此建立检测模型，并评估了该方法的检测限和重现性。此外，可能还探讨了可能影响检测结果的因素，如环境干扰、基质效应等。
关键词：表面增强拉曼光谱、糖精钠、软饮料、银纳米棒
该研究的贡献在于提供了一种快速、无损且灵敏的检测方法，对于食品安全监测和质量控制具有重要意义。未来，这样的技术有可能被应用于更广泛的食品安全检测领域，以及实时监控食品加工过程中的添加剂含量。同时，这也为纳米材料在生物传感和化学分析中的应用开辟了新的道路。
Sensors
and
Actuators
B
251
(2017)
272–279
Contents
lists
available
at
ScienceDirect
Sensors
and
Actuators
B:
Chemical
jo
u
r
nal
homep
age:
www.elsevier.com/locate/snb
Rapid
and
sensitive
detection
of
sodium
saccharin
in
soft
drinks
by
silver
nanorod
array
SERS
substrates
Caiqin
Han
a,∗
,
Yue
Yao
a
,
Wen
Wang
a
,
Lulu
Qu
b,∗
,
Layne
Bradley
c
,
Shulin
Sun
d
,
Yiping
Zhao
c
a
Jiangsu
Key
Laboratory
of
Advanced
Laser
Materials
and
Devices,
School
of
Physics
and
Electronic
Engineering,
Jiangsu
Normal
University,
Xuzhou,
Jiangsu,
221116,
China
b
School
of
Chemistry
and
Materials
Science,
Jiangsu
Normal
University,
Xuzhou,
Jiangsu,
221116,
China
c
Department
of
Physics
and
Astronomy,
University
of
Georgia,
Athens,
GA
30602,
USA
d
Department
of
Optical
Science
and
Engineering,
Fudan
University,
Shanghai,
200433,
China
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
i
n
f
o
Article
history:
Received
23
November
2016
Received
in
revised
form
2
May
2017
Accepted
11
May
2017
Keywords:
Surface
enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
Sodium
saccharin
Soft
drinks
Silver
nanorod
array
a
b
s
t
r
a
c
t
Sodium
saccharin
(SS)
is
a
commonly
used
synthetic
sweetener
in
carbonated
soft
drinks
and
beverages.
Long-term
consumption
of
SS
could
result
in
health
problems.
Here,
a
sensitive
surface-enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
(SERS)
method
with
silver
nanorod
(AgNR)
array
substrates
was
explored
for
quantifica-
tion
of
SS
in
soft
drinks.
The
AgNR
array
substrates
fabricated
by
an
oblique
angle
deposition
technique
exhibited
an
excellent
SERS
activity
with
an
enhancement
factor
of
∼10
8
.
A
good
linear
relationship
was
demonstrated
between
SERS
peak
intensity
and
SS
concentration
in
the
concentration
range
of
0.5–100
mg/L,
and
a
limit
of
detection
was
determined
to
be
0.3
mg/L.
The
detection
of
SS
in
different
soft
drinks
was
further
explored
by
combining
SERS
spectra
with
the
partial
least
squares
discriminant
analysis.
The
results
showed
that
the
LODs
of
SS
from
Sprite,
Cola,
Fanta
and
Schweppes
detected
by
SERS
were
20,
5,
20
and
10
mg/L,
respectively,
which
was
far
below
the
national
standard.
This
SERS-based
method
enables
the
rapid
and
highly
sensitive
detection
of
SS
with
minimal
sample
pretreatment,
and
holds
great
promise
in
this
food
safety
application.
©
2017
Elsevier
B.V.
All
rights
reserved.
1.
Introduction
As
an
artificial
sweetener,
sodium
saccharin
(SS)
has
a
long
history
of
use
in
food
processing,
feed
production,
and
the
com-
modity
industry,
and
has
been
approved
in
more
than
90
countries.
Specifically,
it
is
often
added
into
sauces,
soft
drinks,
candy,
and
other
sweet
foods
to
improve
the
flavor
and
reduce
calories
[1].
The
acceptable
daily
intake
(ADI)
values
of
SS
determined
by
the
Joint
FAO/WHO
Expert
Committee
on
Food
Additives
are
0–5
mg/kg
body
mass
[2].
However,
long-term,
excessive
consumption
of
SS
is
closely
associated
with
cancer
risk
in
humans
by
cancer
epidemi-
ological
studies
[3–5].
Thus,
it
is
necessary
to
detect
and
quantify
the
content
of
SS
in
food.
The
most
widely
used
methods
for
the
determination
of
SS
are
high
performance
liquid
chromatography
(HPLC)
[6–8],
thin
layer
chromatography
(TLC)
[9–11],
and
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assays
(ELISA)
[12,13].
These
methods
are
reliable
and
repro-
∗
Corresponding
authors.
E-mail
addresses:
hancq@jsnu.edu.cn
(C.
Han),
luluqu@jsnu.edu.cn
(L.
Qu).
ducible;
however,
they
suffer
from
specific
disadvantages
with
regards
to
quantification.
For
example,
the
HPLC
method
is
time-
consuming
and
the
equipment
is
expensive
[14].
The
TLC
method
needs
significant
sample
pretreatment,
and
qualitative
or
quanti-
tative
detection
is
difficult
without
combining
with
other
methods.
The
ELISA
method
is
susceptible
to
environmental
changes,
which
limits
the
stability
of
real-life
application.
Surface-enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
(SERS)
is
emerging
as
a
powerful
technique
for
detect-
ing
a
wide
variety
of
analytes
at
very
low
concentrations
[15–19].
The
most
critical
aspect
to
perform
a
SERS
experiment
is
the
choice
and/or
fabrication
of
the
noble-metal
substrates
because
the
sensitivity
of
SERS
strongly
depends
on
the
electromagnetic
and
chemical
enhancement
in
the
presence
of
metallic
(Cu,
Ag,
Au,
etc.)
nanostructures
[18,20–28].
Thus,
to
further
widen
the
appli-
cations
of
the
SERS
technique,
it
is
crucial
to
fabricate
SERS-active
metallic
nanostructures
with
both
high
enhancement
and
excel-
lent
reproducibility.
For
this
purpose,
many
different
methods,
such
as
e-beam
lithography
[29,30],
colloidal
lithography
[31,32],
and
vapor
deposition
[33,34]
have
been
explored
extensively
to
cre-
ate
functional
noble
metal
SERS
substrates.
While
these
substrates
have
been
shown
to
exhibit
large
Raman
enhancement
and
good
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.05.051
0925-4005/©
2017
Elsevier
B.V.
All
rights
reserved.
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