Rails Magazine第3期：深度探索Ruby与Rails精华技术

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Rails Magazine Issue 3是一本专注于Ruby on Rails的电子杂志，为读者提供了丰富且深入的文章，涵盖了这个流行Web开发框架的相关技术。本期的内容包括： 1. **代码片段应用程序创建**：由Michelangelo Altamore撰写，读者可以学习如何构建一个实用的应用程序示例，展示Ruby on Rails的最佳实践。 2. **开源Rails项目**：Dmitry Amelchenko分享了开源项目的经验，这对于开发者了解社区贡献和学习新技能非常有价值。 3. **主题支持**：James Stewart讨论的主题设计与实现，帮助开发者提升应用程序的用户体验和设计美感。 4. **观察者模式和单例设计模式在Ruby中的应用**：Khaled al Habache介绍了这两种常见的设计模式，让读者理解如何在Ruby中优雅地组织和管理复杂系统。 5. **JRuby监控与JMX**：Joshua Moore探讨了如何通过Java Management Extensions (JMX) 来监控和优化Ruby on Rails在JRuby环境下的性能。 6. **Ruby Web框架深度探索**：Carlo Pecchia的"ADiveintoWaves"可能探讨了其他框架与Rails的比较或特定场景下的使用技巧。 7. **自动化测试的实现方法**：Eric Anderson提供了关于如何有效地实施自动化测试的实用指导，确保代码质量。 8. **Ruby on Rails与Flex结合**：Arturo Fernandez的文章可能涉及这两种技术的集成，帮助开发者扩展应用的兼容性和功能。 9. **工作流解决方案：AASM的应用**：Chee Yeo分享了如何使用AASM库来管理和处理复杂的工作流逻辑。 10. **MeshU独家报道**：可能是对某个特定的开源项目、会议或活动的深入剖析，提供独特的行业视角。 11. **如何利用开源构建商业**：Chris Wanstrath给出了关于如何利用开源技术进行商业运作的策略和案例研究。此外，本期还包含了编辑Olimpiu Metiu的寄语，他欢迎读者，并提到了团队的最新动态，如团队规模扩大和作者及专栏作家的增加。整个期刊强调了Ruby on Rails社区的活力和成长，以及对读者的支持和鼓励。本期Rails Magazine Volume 1, Issue #3是技术爱好者和开发者们的宝贵参考资料，不仅提供了技术深度，也关注了社区发展和个人成长。

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By the way, we’ve just nished our 3

requirement. Now,

let’s try to modify our show action to properly display a snip-

pet. We add line 16 in

snippets_controller_test.rb

13 def test_show

14 get :show, :id => Snippet.first

15 assert_template ‘show’

16 assert_select ‘div.CodeRay’, :count => 1

17 end

Here we expect a div.CodeRayelement on our page. e

test fails since our generated show view action does not know

anything about syntax highlighting, as you can see:

Started

……F..

Finished in 0.306102 seconds.

1) Failure:

test_show(SnippetsControllerTest)

Expected at most 1 element matching “div.CodeRay”,

found 0.

<false> is not true.

9 tests, 14 assertions, 1 failures, 0 errors

Now we produce the following template for

show.html.erb

<% title “#{snippet.name}</

span> - <span

class=”il”>#{<span

class=”iv”>snippet.language}” %>

<%= link_to “Edit”, edit_snippet_path(snippet)

%> |

<%= link_

to "<span

class=”k”>Destroy"</

span>, snippet, :confirm => ‘Are you

sure?’, :method => :delete %> |

<%= link_to “View All”, snippets_path %>

<%= @snippet.highlight %>

Finally, our tests are now happily passing:

Started

………

Finished in 0.271848 seconds.

9 tests, 15 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors

We can take a break now and have a look at our applica-

tion’s front end. Aer the creation of a couple of code snip-

pets, Snippety now looks like this:

While editing or creating a code snippet we have no

selectable list of available languages. It’s time to address the

issue.

We start by adding the requirement that a language should

be presented inside a select box by placing that assertion on

line 22 of

snippets_controller_test.rb

19 def test_new

20 get :new

21 assert_template ‘new’

22 assert_select ‘select#snippet_language’

23 end

e above expresses that a template should contain a

select element with snippet_language id and a parameter cor-

responding to the language attribute in the snippet model.

Having no select box in our view,

rake test:functionals

fails

as shown:

Started

…..F…

Finished in 0.282672 seconds.

1) Failure:

Create a simple code snippet app with Rails by Michelangelo Altamore

test_new(SnippetsControllerTest)

Expected at least 1 element matching “select#snippet_

language”, found 0.

<false> is not true.

9 tests, 16 assertions, 1 failures, 0 errors

We nd that the relevant code to modify is placed inside

_form.html.erb

, a view partial:

1 <% form_for @snippet do |f| %>

2 <%= f.error_messages %>

3

4 <%= f.label :name %>

5 <%= f.text_field :name %>

6

7

8 <%= f.label :language %>

9 <%= f.text_field :language %>

10

11

12 <%= f.label :body %>

13 <%= f.text_area :body %>

14

15 <%= f.submit “Submit” %>

16 <% end %>

We change creating a local variable holding an array of

languages on line 8 and changing the

text_field

into a select

box on line 11, as follows:

8 <% form_for snippet do</

span> |f| %>

2 <span

class=”idl”><%= f.error_messages <span

class=”idl”>%>

3 </

span>

4 <span

class=”idl”><%= f.label :name</

span> %><span

class=”ta”><br />

5 <span

class=”idl”><%= f.text_field <span

class=”sy”>:name %></

span>

6 </

p>

7 </

span>

8 <span

class=”idl”><% languages = [

“Ruby”,”JavaScript”,”Java”,”C”] %>

9

10 <%= f.label :language %>

11 <%= f.select :language, @languages %>

12

13

14 <%= f.label :body %>

15 <%= f.text_area :body %>

16

17 <%= f.submit “Submit” %>

18 <% end %>

raketest:functionals says that:

Started

………

Finished in 0.3083 seconds.

9 tests, 16 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors

We have no failures. It means that we have a working

select list:

We have caused some eyebrow raising since a good can-

didate model property is placed inside a local variable of the

view layer.

We should refactor it and refactor it without making the

tests fail. You can see how in

snippet.rb

1 class Snippet < ActiveRecord::Base

2 LANGUAGES = %w(Ruby JavaScript Java C)

...

4 end

And in

_form.html.erb

7

8 <%= f.label :language %>

9 <%= f.select :language, Snippet::LANGUAGES %>

10

Sure enough, we see that the tests are still passing:

Started

………

Create a simple code snippet app with Rails by Michelangelo Altamore

Resources

http://github.com/ryanb/niy-generators/tree/master

http://github.com/ryanb

http://coderay.rubychan.de/

http://railscasts.com/

http://github.com/thoughtbot/shoulda/tree/master

http://github.com/dchelimsky/rspec/tree/master

http://ph7spot.com/articles/getting_started_with_autotest

http://thoughtbot.com/

http://rubyconf2007.confreaks.com/d3t1p2_rspec.html

http://blog.daveastels.com/

http://blog.davidchelimsky.net/

http://www.pragprog.com/titles/achbd/the-rspec-book

Finished in 0.43375 seconds.

9 tests, 16 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors

As a side eect, the form partial change also provided a

working implementation for the edit action, without its own

test. As a simple exercise you can modify the

test_edit

meth-

ods on your functional test suite for covering that action. If

you are tired of using rake to launch your test suite, you can

take a look at

autotest

Conclusion

Initial requirements for snippety have been fullled. If it

this exercise were real, it would be now released to the users

and we would await feedback from them. Maybe they would

like more languages, the addition of line numbers, etc.

What is important is that now you should be more famil-

iar with TDD. As you have seen, the concept is easy to grasp

and you can use it eectively on your own projects.

Indeed Test::Unit is great but some people are happier

when they can minimize Ruby’s syntactic sugar impact on

tests, still using it to express their tests in a readable language

that is meaningful for the application. Shoulda by oughtbot

addresses this issue. You can learn by their nice tutorial.

I can’t close without mentioning RSpec, the original Be-

haviour Driven Development framework for Ruby. If you feel

curious, you could have a look at a great talk by Dave Astels

and David Chelimsky where it is explained what  is, and

where it comes from. By the way, if you are interested, e

RSpec Book (beta) has been recently published.

I hope you’ve nd it useful and thank you for your time.

D: http://railsmagazine.com/3/2

Looking Up from Below

Create a simple code snippet app with Rails by Michelangelo Altamore

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