JDK14 Java脚本编程指南

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JDK14 Java Scripting Programmer's Guide是一本由Oracle及其关联公司于2020年3月发布的软件和相关文档。它是针对Java平台标准版的脚本编程程序员的指南。该软件受知识产权法保护，使用受许可协议限制。除非根据许可协议或法律允许，否则不能以任何形式或方式使用、复制、翻译、传播、修改、许可、传输、分发、展示、表演、发布或展示其任何部分。除非出于互操作性目的，禁止对该软件进行逆向工程、反汇编或反编译。该信息包含在JDK14 Java Scripting Programmer's Guide中。

Scripting Languages and Java

This section describes the characteristics of scripting languages and how they can be

used by Java programmers.

Scripting languages are programming languages that support the ability to write

scripts. Unlike source files for other programming languages that must be compiled

into bytecode before you run them, scripts are evaluated by a runtime environment (in

this case, by a script engine) directly.

Most scripting languages are dynamically typed. This enables you to create new

variables without declaring the variable type (the interpreter assigns the type based on

the type of the object associated with the variable), and you can reuse the same

variable for objects of different types (type conversion is performed automatically).

Scripting languages generally have simple syntax; they allow complex tasks to be

performed in relatively few steps.

Although scripting languages are usually interpreted at runtime, they can be compiled

into Java bytecode that can then be executed on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

Scripting languages can be faster and easier to use for certain problems, so it is

sometimes chosen by developers of Java applications. However, if you write your Java

application in a scripting language, then you lose the benefits of the Java language

(such as type safety and access to the class library).

Java Specification Request (JSR) 223: Scripting for the Java Platform addresses the

issue of integrating Java and scripting languages. It defines a standard framework and

application programming interface (API) to embed scripts in your Java applications

and access Java objects from scripts.

By embedding scripts in your Java code, you can customize and extend the Java

application. For example, you can have configuration parameters, business logic, math

expressions, and other external parts written as scripts. When developing your Java

application, you do not need to choose the scripting language. If you write your

application with the Java Scripting API (defined by JSR 223), then users can write

scripts in any language compliant with JSR 223. See The Java Scripting API.

When writing a script in a language compliant with JSR 223, you have access to the

entire standard Java library. See Using Java from Scripts.

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