Python在科学计算中的应用探索

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"科学计算与Python的PPT演示文稿,由Yves Frederix在2008年HPC Symposium上发表,旨在介绍Python作为科学研究环境中的有效替代工具,包括其特性、优点以及用于科学计算的相关库如NumPy和SciPy等。" Python作为一种广泛应用于科学计算的语言,具有许多独特的优点和特性。它是一种解释型脚本语言,意味着代码无需编译即可执行,这使得Python非常适合快速原型开发和实验。Python的设计理念强调代码的可读性和简洁性,由Guido van Rossum在1980年代末创造,并且自那时以来发展成为一门功能丰富的编程语言。 Python的核心优势之一是其开源和免费的性质,这促进了广泛的用户社区和丰富的文档支持。此外,Python拥有强大的标准库,涵盖各种功能,包括网络通信、文件处理、操作系统接口等。它的跨平台性使其能够在不同的操作系统上运行,增加了其适应性。 Python还支持面向对象编程、异常处理和动态类型,这些特性使得代码更加灵活且易于维护。同时,Python可以通过编写Python模块或使用编译语言扩展,增强了其性能和功能。 在科学计算领域,Python提供了与MATLAB和IDL竞争的替代方案。NumPy是Python科学计算的基础库,它引入了数值数组的概念,允许高效地进行矩阵和数组操作,同时提供基本的数学函数。NumPy的数组操作速度极快,得益于其底层对C语言和Fortran代码的优化。 进一步扩展Python科学计算能力的是SciPy库,它是一组基于NumPy的高级数值计算工具。SciPy涵盖了广泛的数值计算任务,如积分、插值、线性代数、优化、信号处理等。它依赖于像LAPACK、BLAS和ATLAS这样的高性能库,这些库在解决复杂的数值问题时提供了底层支持。 Python在科学计算中的应用因其易学、强大且灵活的特性而受到青睐。结合NumPy和SciPy等库,Python已经成为科研人员和工程师手中不可或缺的工具,用于处理复杂的数据分析和模拟任务。
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Scientific Computing with Python 3 English | 23 Dec. 2016 | ISBN: 1786463512 | 332 Pages | AZW3/MOBI/EPUB/PDF (conv) | 17.95 MB Key Features Your ultimate resource for getting up and running with Python numerical computations Explore numerical computing and mathematical libraries using Python 3.x code with SciPy and NumPy modules A hands-on guide to implementing mathematics with Python, with complete coverage of all the key concepts Book Description Python can be used for more than just general-purpose programming. It is a free, open source language and environment that has tremendous potential for use within the domain of scientific computing. This book presents Python in tight connection with mathematical applications and demonstrates how to use various concepts in Python for computing purposes, including examples with the latest version of Python 3. Python is an effective tool to use when coupling scientific computing and mathematics and this book will teach you how to use it for linear algebra, arrays, plotting, iterating, functions, polynomials, and much more. What you will learn The principal syntactical elements of Python The most important and basic types in Python The essential building blocks of computational mathematics, linear algebra, and related Python objects Plot in Python using matplotlib to create high quality figures and graphics to draw and visualize your results Define and use functions and learn to treat them as objects How and when to correctly apply object-oriented programming for scientific computing in Python Handle exceptions, which are an important part of writing reliable and usable code Two aspects of testing for scientific programming: Manual and Automatic About the Author Claus Fuhrer is a professor of scientific computations at Lund University, Sweden. He has an extensive teaching record that includes intensive programming courses in numerical analysis and engineering mathematics across various levels in many different countries and teaching environments. Claus also develops numerical software in research collaboration with industry and received Lund University's Faculty of Engineering Best Teacher Award in 2016. Jan Erik Solem is a Python enthusiast, former associate professor, and currently the CEO of Mapillary, a street imagery computer vision company. He has previously worked as a face recognition expert, founder and CTO of Polar Rose, and computer vision team leader at Apple. Jan is a World Economic Forum technology pioneer and won the Best Nordic Thesis Award 2005-2006 for his dissertation on image analysis and pattern recognition. He is also the author of "Programming Computer Vision with Python" (O'Reilly 2012). Olivier Verdier began using Python for scientific computing back in 2007 and received a PhD in mathematics from Lund University in 2009. He has held post-doctoral positions in Cologne, Trondheim, Bergen, and Umea and is now an associate professor of mathematics at Bergen University College, Norway. Table of Contents Getting Started Variables and Basic Types Container Types Linear Algebra – Arrays Advanced Array Concepts Plotting Functions Classes Iterating Error Handling Namespaces, Scopes, and Modules Input and Output Testing Comprehensive Examples Symbolic Computations - SymPy References