经典Shell脚本编程指南：Arnold Robbins与Nelson H. F. Beebe 著

需积分: 9 171 浏览量更新于2024-07-27 收藏 9.87MB PDF 举报

《经典Shell脚本编程》(Classic Shell Scripting)，由Arnold Robbins和Nelson H. F. Beebe共同编著，是一本深受计算机专业人士推崇的经典著作。该书专为那些希望深入研究shell编程的读者设计，全面介绍了shell脚本语言的基础知识与高级技巧，旨在帮助读者掌握这一强大的系统管理工具。书中涵盖了以下几个关键知识点： 1. **shell基础知识**：作者首先从shell的历史、种类（如Bash、Zsh等）以及其在Linux和Unix环境中的核心作用开始讲解，让读者对shell有整体的认识。 2. **语法概览**：包括变量、命令、流程控制（if-else、while、for循环）、函数定义、参数传递等基本元素，这些都是编写有效shell脚本的基础。 3. **文本处理**：介绍如何使用sed、awk、grep等工具进行文本分析和转换，这对于数据处理和自动化任务至关重要。 4. **文件和目录操作**：包括文件权限管理、重命名、复制、移动、删除，以及通配符和正则表达式的应用，这些是日常运维中不可或缺的部分。 5. **进程管理和工具**：如何创建、控制和监控后台进程，使用标准输入输出、管道和重定向，以及进程间通信（IPC）的概念。 6. **系统调用和脚本设计**：通过学习系统调用接口，了解如何更高效地与操作系统交互，并掌握编写健壮、可维护脚本的最佳实践。 7. **错误处理和调试**：如何优雅地处理脚本中的错误，使用调试工具和技术来诊断和修复问题。 8. **高级主题**：涉及更复杂的应用，如定时任务调度、脚本安全性和性能优化，以及如何利用bash的扩展特性。《经典Shell脚本编程》不仅适合初学者作为入门教程，也适合经验丰富的系统管理员提升技能或扩展知识库。书中深入浅出的讲解，配合丰富的实例和练习，使得学习过程既系统又实用。无论是在Linux服务器管理、自动化运维还是软件开发中，这都是一本不可多得的参考资料。

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

xiv

Preface

program, we tell you which options are the most useful. In fact, we typically do

not cover all the options that individual programs have, leaving that task to the

program’s manual page, or to other reference books, such as Unix in a Nutshell

(O’Reilly) and Linux in a Nutshell (O’Reilly).

By the time you’ve finished this book, you should not only understand the Unix

toolset, but also have internalized the Unix mindset and the Software Tools

philosophy.

What You Should Already Know

You should already know the following things:

• How to log in to your Unix system

• How to run programs at the command line

• How to make simple pipelines of commands and use simple I/O redirectors,

such as

and

• How to put jobs in the background with

• How to create and edit files

• How to make scripts executable, using

chmod

Furthermore, if you’re trying to work the examples here by typing commands at your

terminal (or, more likely, terminal emulator) we recommend the use of a POSIX-

compliant shell such as a recent version of

ksh93

, or the current version of

bash

.In

particular,

/bin/sh

on commercial Unix systems may not be fully POSIX-compliant.

Chapter 14 provides Internet download URLs for

ksh93

bash

, and

zsh

Chapter Summary

We recommend reading the book in order, as each chapter builds upon the concepts

and material covered in the chapters preceding it. Here is a chapter-by-chapter sum-

mary:

Chapter 1, Background

Here we provide a brief history of Unix. In particular, the computing environ-

ment at Bell Labs where Unix was developed motivated much of the Software

Tools philosophy. This chapter also presents the principles for good Software

Tools that are then expanded upon throughout the rest of the book.

Chapter 2, Getting Started

This chapter starts off the discussion. It begins by describing compiled lan-

guages and scripting languages, and the tradeoffs between them. Then it moves

on, covering the very basics of shell scripting with two simple but useful shell

scripts. The coverage includes commands, options, arguments, shell variables,

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

Preface

output with

echo

and

printf

, basic I/O redirection, command searching, access-

ing arguments from within a script, and execution tracing. It closes with a look

at internationalization and localization; issues that are increasingly important in

today’s “global village.”

Chapter 3, Searching and Substitutions

Here we introduce text searching (or “matching”) with regular expressions. We

also cover making changes and extracting text. These are fundamental opera-

tions that form the basis of much shell scripting.

Chapter 4, Text Processing Tools

In this chapter we describe a number of the text processing software tools that

are used over and over again when shell scripting. Two of the most important

tools presented here are

sort

and

uniq

, which serve as powerful ways to orga-

nize and reduce data. This chapter also looks at reformatting paragraphs, count-

ing text units, printing files, and retrieving the first or last lines of a file.

Chapter 5, Pipelines Can Do Amazing Things

This chapter shows several small scripts that demonstrate combining simple

Unix utilities to make more powerful, and importantly, more flexible tools. This

chapter is largely a cookbook of problem statements and solutions, whose com-

mon theme is that all the solutions are composed of linear pipelines.

Chapter 6, Variables, Making Decisions, and Repeating Actions

This is the first of two chapters that cover the rest of the essentials of the shell

language. This chapter looks at shell variables and arithmetic, the important

concept of an exit status, and how decision making and loops are done in the

shell. It rounds off with a discussion of shell functions.

Chapter 7, Input and Output, Files, and Command Evaluation

This chapter completes the description of the shell, focusing on input/output,

the various substitutions that the shell performs, quoting, command-line evalua-

tion order, and shell built-in commands.

Chapter 8, Production Scripts

Here we demonstrate combinations of Unix tools to carry out more complex

text processing jobs. The programs in this chapter are larger than those in

Chapter 5, but they are still short enough to digest in a few minutes. Yet they

accomplish tasks that are quite hard to do in conventional programming lan-

guages such as C, C++, or Java™.

Chapter 9, Enough awk to Be Dangerous

This chapter describes the essentials of the

awk language. awk is a powerful lan-

guage in its own right. However, simple, and sometimes, not so simple,

awk

pro-

grams can be used with other programs in the software toolbox for easy data

extraction, manipulation, and formatting.

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

xvi

Preface

Chapter 10, Working with Files

This chapter introduces the primary tools for working with files. It covers listing

files, making temporary files, and the all-important

find

command for finding

files that meet specific criteria. It looks at two important commands for dealing

with disk space utilization, and then discusses different programs for comparing

files.

Chapter 11, Extended Example: Merging User Databases

Here we tie things together by solving an interesting and moderately challenging

task.

Chapter 12, Spellchecking

This chapter uses the problem of doing spellchecking to show how it can be

solved in different ways. It presents the original Unix shell script pipeline, as well

as two small scripts to make the freely available

ispell

and

aspell

commands

more usable for batch spellchecking. It closes off with a reasonably sized yet

powerful spellchecking program written in

awk

, which nicely demonstrates the

elegance of that language.

Chapter 13, Processes

This chapter moves out of the realm of text processing and into the realm of job

and system management. There are a small number of essential utilities for man-

aging processes. In addition, this chapter covers the

sleep

command, which is

useful in scripts for waiting for something to happen, as well as other standard

tools for delayed or fixed-time-of-day command processing. Importantly, the

chapter also covers the

trap

command, which gives shell scripts control over

Unix signals.

Chapter 14, Shell Portability Issues and Extensions

Here we describe some of the more useful extensions available in both ksh and

bash

that aren’t in POSIX. In many cases, you can safely use these extensions in

your scripts. The chapter also looks at a number of “gotchas” waiting to trap the

unwary shell script author. It covers issues involved when writing scripts, and

possible implementation variances. Furthermore, it covers download and build

information for

ksh

and

bash

. It finishes up by discussing shell initialization and

termination, which differ among different shell implementations.

Chapter 15, Secure Shell Scripts: Getting Started

In this chapter we provide a cursory introduction to shell scripting security

issues.

Appendix A, Writing Manual Pages

This chapter describes how to write a manual page. This necessary skill is usu-

ally neglected in typical Unix books.

Appendix B, Files and Filesystems

Here we describe the Unix byte-stream filesystem model, contrasting it with

more complex historical filesystems and explaining why this simplicity is a

virtue.

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

Preface

xvii

Appendix C, Important Unix Commands

This chapter provides several lists of Unix commands. We recommend that you

learn these commands and what they do to improve your skills as a Unix developer.

Bibliography

Here we list further sources of information about shell scripting with Unix.

Glossary

The Glossary provides definitions for the important terms and concepts intro-

duced in this book.

Conventions Used in This Book

We leave it as understood that, when you enter a shell command, you press Enter at

the end. Enter is labeled Return on some keyboards.

Characters called Ctrl-X, where X is any letter, are entered by holding down the Ctrl

(or Ctl, or Control) key and then pressing that letter. Although we give the letter in

uppercase, you can press the letter without the Shift key.

Other special characters are newline (which is the same as Ctrl-J), Backspace (the

same as Ctrl-H), Esc, Tab, and Del (sometimes labeled Delete or Rubout).

This book uses the following font conventions:

Italic

Italic is used in the text for emphasis, to highlight special terms the first time

they are defined, for electronic mail addresses and Internet URLs, and in man-

ual page citations. It is also used when discussing dummy parameters that

should be replaced with an actual value, and to provide commentary in

examples.

Constant Width

This is used when discussing Unix filenames, external and built-in commands,

and command options. It is also used for variable names and shell keywords,

options, and functions; for filename suffixes; and in examples to show the con-

tents of files or the output from commands, as well as for command lines or

sample input when they are within regular text. In short, anything related to

computer usage is in this font.

Constant Width Bold

This is used in the text to distinguish regular expressions and shell wildcard pat-

terns from the text to be matched. It is also used in examples to show interaction

between the user and the shell; any text the user types in is shown in

Constant

Width Bold

. For example:

$ pwd User typed this

/home/tolstoy/novels/w+p System printed this

剩余559页未读，继续阅读

chongwuO2

粉丝: 0
资源: 1

经典Shell脚本编程指南：Arnold Robbins与Nelson H. F. Beebe 著

Classic Shell Scripting: 英文原版PDF技术手册

Classic Shell Scripting: 第1版精华

经典Shell脚本编程指南

[英文原版计算机信息技术图书].OReilly.Classic.Shell.Scripting.Feb.2005.eBook-DDU.rar

Linux.Shell_.Scripting.Cookbook | Classic_Shell_Scripting [pdf] 英文

classic shell scripting.rar

classic_shell_scripting.zip_Linux/Unix编程_Unix_Linux_

Classic Shell Scripting

Classic_Shell_Scripting

Classic Shell Scripting (Shell 脚本学习指南2

最新资源