VS2013 C# 教程：Microsoft Visual C# 2013 Step by Step

C#教程VS2013

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"[Microsoft Press] Microsoft Visual C# 2013 Step by Step.pdf" 《Microsoft Visual C# 2013 Step by Step》是由John Sharp编著的一本专为Visual Studio 2013环境下的C#编程设计的教程。这本书由O'Reilly Media, Inc.出版，并获得了微软公司的授权。书中详细介绍了C#语言的基础到高级概念，旨在帮助读者逐步掌握C#编程技巧。本书的内容涵盖了C# 2013版本的诸多关键知识点，包括但不限于： 1. **C#基础知识**：讲解C#的基本语法，如变量、数据类型、运算符、控制流语句（如if-else，switch，循环）以及方法定义。 2. **面向对象编程**：深入探讨C#的面向对象特性，如类、对象、继承、多态性、封装，以及接口的应用。 3. **集合与泛型**：介绍C#中的数组、列表、集合以及泛型的概念，这些是处理数据的重要工具。 4. **异常处理**：讲述如何在代码中处理和抛出异常，确保程序的健壮性。 5. **Lambda表达式与LINQ**：讲解Lambda表达式的使用，以及如何利用Language Integrated Query (LINQ)进行数据查询和处理。 6. **异步编程**：C# 2013引入了异步编程模型，书中会详细阐述async和await关键字，以及如何编写异步方法。 7. **Windows应用程序开发**：指导读者如何使用Visual Studio 2013创建Windows Forms和WPF应用程序，包括UI设计、事件处理等。 8. **.NET Framework与库**：介绍.NET Framework的基础知识，以及如何使用各种内置库来扩展功能，如System.IO用于文件操作，System.Net用于网络编程。 9. **单元测试与调试**：教授如何编写和执行单元测试，以及如何利用Visual Studio的调试工具来定位和修复程序错误。 10. **Web和云应用开发**：简要介绍如何使用C#进行ASP.NET Web应用程序开发，以及如何利用Azure云服务部署应用程序。 11. **代码优化与性能**：提供关于提高代码效率和性能的技巧，包括内存管理、代码审查和性能分析。 12. **源代码管理和版本控制**：介绍版本控制系统如Git的使用，以及如何在团队环境中协作开发。这本书不仅适合初学者入门，也适合有一定经验的开发者深入学习C#语言的最新特性。书中的实例和练习将帮助读者巩固理论知识，提升实际编程能力。此外，书中鼓励读者通过微软提供的在线资源和反馈渠道与作者和社区互动，以获得更多的学习支持和反馈。《Microsoft Visual C# 2013 Step by Step》是一本全面而实用的教程，它将带领读者深入理解C#编程，有效利用Visual Studio 2013进行高效开发。

xiv Contents

A simple iterator .......................................... 444

Dening an enumerator for the Tree<TItem> class by

using an iterator ...........................................446

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .448

Quick reference .................................................449

Chapter 20 Decoupling application logic and handling events 451

Understanding delegates ........................................452

Examples of delegates in the .NET Framework class library ......453

The automated factory scenario .............................455

Implementing the factory control system without

using delegates ...........................................455

Implementing the factory by using a delegate ................456

Declaring and using delegates ..............................459

Lambda expressions and delegates ................................468

Creating a method adapter .................................469

The forms of lambda expressions ............................469

Enabling notications by using events .............................471

Declaring an event .........................................472

Subscribing to an event. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .472

Unsubscribing from an event ................................473

Raising an event ...........................................473

Understanding user interface events ..............................474

Using events ..............................................475

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .482

Quick reference .................................................483

Chapter 21 Querying in-memory data by using

query expressions 485

What is Language-Integrated Query? ..............................485

Using LINQ in a C# application ...................................486

Selecting data .............................................488

Filtering data ..............................................490

Ordering, grouping, and aggregating data ...................491

Contents xv

Joining data ...............................................493

Using query operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495

Querying data in Tree<TItem> objects ........................497

LINQ and deferred evaluation ...............................503

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .507

Quick reference .................................................508

Chapter 22 Operator overloading 511

Understanding operators ........................................511

Operator constraints .......................................512

Overloaded operators ......................................512

Creating symmetric operators ...............................514

Understanding compound assignment evaluation ...................516

Declaring increment and decrement operators .....................517

Comparing operators in structures and classes ......................518

Dening operator pairs ..........................................518

Implementing operators .........................................520

Understanding conversion operators ..............................526

Providing built-in conversions ...............................527

Implementing user-dened conversion operators .............528

Creating symmetric operators, revisited ......................529

Writing conversion operators ...............................529

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .532

Quick reference .................................................532

PART IV BUILDING PROFESSIONAL WINDOWS 8.1

APPLICATIONS WITH C#

Chapter 23 Improving throughput by using tasks 537

Why perform multitasking by using parallel processing? .............537

The rise of the multicore processor ..........................538

Implementing multitasking by using the Microsoft .NET Framework ...540

Tasks, threads, and the ThreadPool ..........................540

xvi Contents

Creating, running, and controlling tasks ......................541

Using the Task class to implement parallelism ................ 544

Abstracting tasks by using the Parallel class ...................556

When not to use the Parallel class ...........................560

Canceling tasks and handling exceptions ...........................562

The mechanics of cooperative cancellation ...................562

Using continuations with canceled and faulted tasks ...........576

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .577

Quick reference .................................................578

Chapter 24 Improving response time by performing

asynchronous operations 581

Implementing asynchronous methods .............................582

Dening asynchronous methods: the problem ................582

Dening asynchronous methods: the solution .................585

Dening asynchronous methods that return values ............591

Asynchronous methods and the Windows Runtime APIs ........592

Using PLINQ to parallelize declarative data access ...................595

Using PLINQ to improve performance while iterating

through a collection .......................................596

Canceling a PLINQ query ...................................601

Synchronizing concurrent access to data ...........................602

Locking data ..............................................604

Synchronization primitives for coordinating tasks ..............605

Cancelling synchronization .................................607

The concurrent collection classes ............................608

Using a concurrent collection and a lock to implement

thread-safe data access .....................................609

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .619

Quick reference .................................................619

Chapter 25 Implementing the user interface for a

Windows Store app 623

What is a Windows Store app? ....................................624

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