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首页第二版:高清视频算法与接口权威指南
《数字视频与高清算法与接口》第二版是一本经典的IT领域教材,由Charles Poynton撰写,深入探讨了数字视频和高清技术的相关算法及其接口设计。本书针对的是专业技术人员和对数字视频技术感兴趣的读者,涵盖了从基础知识到高级概念的全面内容,包括但不限于视频编码、解码、色彩空间转换、图像处理、HDTV标准、帧率和分辨率处理等核心知识点。 该书的第二版在原有基础上进行了更新和扩展,旨在反映近年来数字视频技术的最新进展,如高清视频的兴起、HEVC(高效视频编码)算法的介绍以及新型接口标准的发展。开发编辑Graham Smith和项目管理人Sarah W. Binns共同确保了内容的专业性和项目的顺利进行。 设计、插图和版式由Charles Poynton精心创作,保证了信息的清晰呈现和视觉效果。此外,书中还包含了详细的版权信息,强调所有复制或传播材料必须得到出版商的书面许可,以尊重知识产权。 《数字视频与高清算法与接口》不仅适合于大学教育中的视听工程、电子工程、计算机科学等相关课程,也适用于从事视频处理、通信系统、多媒体开发的工程师和技术人员作为参考工具。通过阅读这本书,读者能够深入了解并掌握数字视频处理的关键技术和实践,为他们在高清视频领域的研究和工作提供坚实的基础。
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xv
Numerology of HD scanning 395
Audio rates 398
33 Timecode 399 Introduction 399
Dropframe timecode 400
Editing 401
Linear timecode (LTC) 402
Vertical interval timecode (VITC) 402
Timecode structure 402
Further reading 404
34 2-3 pulldown 405 2-3-3-2 pulldown 407
Conversion of film to different frame rates 408
Native 24 Hz coding 411
Conversion to other rates 412
35 Deinterlacing 413 Spatial domain 413
Vertical-temporal domain 415
Motion adaptivity 416
Further reading 418
36 Colourbars 419 SD colourbars 419
SD colourbar notation 421
pluge element 421
Composite decoder adjustment using colourbars 422
-
I, +Q, and pluge elements in SD colourbars 423
HD colourbars 423
Part 4 – Studio standards 425
37 Reference display and
viewing conditions 427
References 428
38 SDI and HD-SDI
interfaces 429
Component digital SD interface (BT.601) 430
Serial digital interface (SDI) 432
Component digital HD-SDI 432
SDI and HD-SDI sync, TRS, and ancillary data 433
TRS in 4:2:2 SD-SDI 434
TRS in HD-SDI 436
Analog sync and digital/analog timing
relationships 437
Ancillary data 437
SDI coding 439
HD-SDI coding 440
xvi DIGITAL VIDEO AND HD ALGORITHMS AND INTERFACES
Interfaces for compressed video 441
SDTI 441
Switching and mixing 442
Timing in digital facilities 442
ASI 443
Summary of digital interfaces 443
39 480i component video
445
Frame rate 445
Interlace 445
Line sync 447
Field/frame sync 447
R’G’B’ EOCF and primaries 448
Luma (Y’) 450
Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking 450
Halfline blanking 451
Component digital 4:2:2 interface 452
Component analog R’G’B’ interface 452
Component analog Y’P
B
P
R
interface, EBU N10 453
Component analog Y’P
B
P
R
interface, industry
standard 455
40 576i component video
457
Frame rate 457
Interlace 457
Line sync 459
Analog field/frame sync 459
R’G’B’ EOCF and primaries 460
Luma (Y’) 462
Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking 462
Component digital 4:2:2 interface 463
Component analog 576i interface 464
41 1280×720 HD 467 Scanning 467
Analog sync 468
Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking 469
R’G’B’ EOCF and primaries 469
Luma (Y’) 471
Component digital 4:2:2 interface 471
42 1920×1080 HD 473 Scanning 473
Analog sync 475
Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking 478
R’G’B’ EOCF and primaries 478
Luma (Y’) 480
Component digital 4:2:2 interface 480
xvii
43 HD videotape 481 D-5 HD (HD-D5, D-15) 482
D-6 482
HDCAM (D-11) 482
DVCPRO HD (D-12) 482
HDCAM SR (D-16) 483
44 Component analog HD
interface 485
Pre- and postfiltering characteristics 487
Part 5 – Video compression 489
45 JPEG and motion-JPEG
(M-JPEG) compression
491
JPEG blocks and MCUs 492
JPEG block diagram 494
Level shifting 495
Discrete cosine transform (DCT) 495
JPEG encoding example 496
JPEG decoding 500
Compression ratio control 501
JPEG/JFIF 502
Motion-JPEG (M-JPEG) 503
Further reading 504
46 DV compression 505 DV chroma subsampling 506
DV frame/field modes 507
Picture-in-shuttle in DV 508
DV overflow scheme 508
DV quantization 510
DV digital interface (DIF) 511
Consumer DV recording 512
Professional DV variants 512
47 MPEG-2 video
compression 513
MPEG-2 profiles and levels 514
Picture structure 517
Frame rate and 2-3 pulldown in MPEG 518
Luma and chroma sampling structures 519
Macroblocks 520
Picture coding types – I, P, B 520
Prediction 521
Motion vectors (MVs) 524
Coding of a block 525
Frame and field DCT types 525
Zigzag and VLE 527
Refresh 528
Motion estimation 528
xviii DIGITAL VIDEO AND HD ALGORITHMS AND INTERFACES
Rate control and buffer management 531
Bitstream syntax 533
Transport 535
Further reading 535
48 H.264 video
compression 537
Algorithmic features, profiles, and levels 538
Baseline and extended profiles 540
High profiles 541
Hierarchy 541
Multiple reference pictures 541
Slices 542
Spatial intra prediction 542
Flexible motion compensation 542
Quarter-pel motion-compensated interpolation 543
Weighting and offsetting of MC prediction 543
16-bit integer transform 543
Quantizer 544
Variable-length coding 544
Context adaptivity 546
CABAC 546
Deblocking filter 546
Buffer control 547
Scalable video coding (SVC) 547
Multiview video coding (MVC) 548
AVC-Intra 548
Further reading 548
49 VP8 compression 549 Algorithmic features 550
Further reading 552
Part 6 – Distribution standards 553
50 MPEG-2 storage and
transport 555
Elementary stream (ES) 556
Packetized elementary stream (PES) 556
MPEG-2 program stream 556
MPEG-2 transport stream 556
System clock 557
Further reading 558
51 Digital television
broadcasting 559
Japan 560
United States 560
ATSC modulation 561
Europe 563
Further reading 563
xix
Appendices 565
A YUV and luminance
considered harmful 567
Cement vs. concrete 567
True CIE luminance 568
The misinterpretation of luminance 568
The enshrining of luma 570
Colour difference scale factors 571
Conclusion: A plea 572
B Introduction to
radiometry and
photometry 573
Radiometry 574
Photometry 575
Light level examples 578
Image science 578
Units 579
Further reading 580
Glossary 581
Index 669
Index of authors 709
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