Oracle数据库自学指南：PL/SQL开发与企业信息化详解

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Oracle数据库自学课件是一套针对企业信息化管理的宝贵教育资源，它强调了Oracle作为当前最优秀的数据库软件系统在实际工作中的应用价值。这套课程以《网络数据库系统》为核心，由知名讲师贾代平主讲，深入浅出地介绍了PL/SQL编程语言，其用户手册和参考文档（Release 2, 9.2版）详细记录了PL/SQL的使用方法和技术细节。 PL/SQL (Procedural Language/Structured Query Language) 是Oracle数据库的重要组成部分，它集成了过程化编程语言和SQL查询功能，使得在数据库环境中编写复杂业务逻辑变得更加高效。课程提供了Release 2（9.2）版本的User's Guide and Reference，包含了大量的实用教程、实例和API文档，帮助学习者掌握PL/SQL语法、数据类型、存储过程、函数、异常处理、触发器等核心概念。该教材由Oracle Corporation授权发布，版权受到严格保护。作者John Russell与多位贡献者，如Tom Portfolio以及Shashaanka Agrawal、Cailein Barclay等人共同编撰，他们的专业背景和经验使得教材内容既具有理论深度又贴近实战。课程强调了知识产权保护，禁止未经许可的逆向工程、解码或反编译Oracle的程序和文档，除非是为了实现与其他独立软件的兼容性或法律规定的特殊目的。此外，课程内容还涵盖了数据库设计、性能调优、安全性管理等方面，确保学习者不仅能掌握PL/SQL编程，还能理解和实践如何在实际环境中构建、维护和优化Oracle数据库。这对于希望从事数据库管理员、数据分析师或IT开发人员的人来说，是提升技能和职业竞争力不可或缺的资源。 Oracle数据库自学课件为学习者提供了一个系统且全面的学习平台，无论是初次接触Oracle还是希望进一步提升技术能力的人，都可以从中受益匪浅。通过深入学习PL/SQL，学员将能更好地理解并运用Oracle数据库技术，推动企业的信息化进程。

Literals............................................................................................................................................. 13-107

LOCK TABLE Statement............................................................................................................. 13-110

LOOP Statements.......................................................................................................................... 13-112

MERGE Statement........................................................................................................................ 13-119

NULL Statement............................................................................................................................ 13-121

Object Types .................................................................................................................................. 13-122

OPEN Statement ........................................................................................................................... 13-131

OPEN-FOR Statement.................................................................................................................. 13-133

OPEN-FOR-USING Statement .................................................................................................. 13-136

Packages.......................................................................................................................................... 13-139

Procedures...................................................................................................................................... 13-145

RAISE Statement .......................................................................................................................... 13-150

Records............................................................................................................................................ 13-152

RESTRICT_REFERENCES Pragma........................................................................................... 13-156

RETURN Statement...................................................................................................................... 13-159

ROLLBACK Statement................................................................................................................ 13-161

%ROWTYPE Attribute ................................................................................................................ 13-163

SAVEPOINT Statement............................................................................................................... 13-165

SELECT INTO Statement............................................................................................................ 13-166

SERIALLY_REUSABLE Pragma ................................................................................................ 13-171

SET TRANSACTION Statement............................................................................................... 13-173

SQL Cursor..................................................................................................................................... 13-175

SQLCODE Function..................................................................................................................... 13-178

SQLERRM Function..................................................................................................................... 13-180

%TYPE Attribute........................................................................................................................... 13-182

UPDATE Statement...................................................................................................................... 13-184

A Sample PL/SQL Programs

Running the Programs....................................................................................................................... A-2

Sample 1. FOR Loop........................................................................................................................... A-3

Input Table..................................................................................................................................... A-3

PL/SQL Block ............................................................................................................................... A-3

Output Table ................................................................................................................................. A-4

Sample 2. Cursors ............................................................................................................................... A-4

Input Table..................................................................................................................................... A-4

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PL/SQL Block................................................................................................................................ A-5

Output Table.................................................................................................................................. A-5

Sample 3. Scoping............................................................................................................................... A-6

Input Table..................................................................................................................................... A-6

PL/SQL Block................................................................................................................................ A-6

Output Table.................................................................................................................................. A-7

Sample 4. Batch Transaction Processing......................................................................................... A-7

Input Tables................................................................................................................................... A-8

PL/SQL Block................................................................................................................................ A-8

Output Tables............................................................................................................................. A-10

Sample 5. Embedded PL/SQL........................................................................................................ A-11

Input Table.................................................................................................................................. A-11

PL/SQL Block in a C Program................................................................................................. A-11

Interactive Session ..................................................................................................................... A-13

Output Tables............................................................................................................................. A-14

Sample 6. Calling a Stored Procedure.......................................................................................... A-15

Input Table.................................................................................................................................. A-15

Stored Procedure........................................................................................................................ A-15

Interactive Session ..................................................................................................................... A-18

B CHAR versus VARCHAR2 Semantics

Assigning Character Values.............................................................................................................. B-2

Comparing Character Values............................................................................................................ B-2

Inserting Character Values................................................................................................................ B-4

Selecting Character Values................................................................................................................ B-4

C PL/SQL Wrap Utility

Advantages of Wrapping PL/SQL Procedures.............................................................................. C-1

Limitations of the Wrap Utility.................................................................................................. C-2

Running the Wrap Utility................................................................................................................. C-2

Input and Output Files for the Wrap Utility............................................................................ C-3

Error Handling in the Wrap Utility .......................................................................................... C-4

Version Compatibility................................................................................................................. C-4

Guidelines........................................................................................................................................... C-4