Research Article
Bound State Solutions of Three-Dimensional Klein-Gordon
Equation for Two Model Potentials by NU Method
N. Tazimi and A. Ghasempour
Department of Physics, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
Correspondence should be addressed to N. Tazimi; nt_physics@yahoo.com
Received 16 February 2020; Accepted 24 March 2020; Published 17 April 2020
Academic
Editor: Shi-Hai Dong
Copyright © 2020 N. Tazimi and A. Ghasempour. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work
is properly cited.
In this study, we investigate the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation analytically for the Deng-Fan potential and Hulthen plus Eckart
potential under the equal vector and scalar potential conditions. Accordingly, we obtain the energy eigenvalues of the molecular
systems in different states as well as the normalized wave function in terms of the generalized Laguerre polynomials function
through the NU method, which is an effective method for the exact solution of second-order linear differential equations.
1. Introduction
The exact solution is of paramount importance in quantum
mechanics as it carries essential information on the quantum
systems under investigation. It is possible only for quantum
systems such as H
2
and harmonic oscillator. As for the
majority of quantum systems, the approximation method
needs to be used. In most quantum systems, for the analytical
solution, methods such as the Nikiforov-Uvarov method [1],
quantization rules [2], ansatz method [3], supersymmetry
(SUSY) method [4], and series expansion [5] have been used
for any arbitrary l state.
Recently, the bound state of the Schrödinger equation has
been solved by the Deng-Fan potential [6], modified Morse
potential [7], and Eckart potential [8] by approximat ion to
the centrifugal term, and the wave function and energy level
for bound states in any arbitrary l state have been identified.
The bound state solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation with
the Deng-Fan molecula r potential are solved by Dong [9].
Wei et al. investigated the relativistic scattering states of the
Hulthen potential by taking the same approximation [10].
Wei and Dong examined the approximate solution of the
bound state of the Dirac equation with the second Pöschl-
Teller potential under spin symmetry conditions and with
scalar and vector modified potentials under pseudospin sym-
metry conditions [11, 12]. They also solved the Dirac equa-
tion with the scalar and vector Manning-Rosen potentials
under pseudospin symmetry conditions by using the func-
tion analysis method and algebraic formalism [13].
In our previous works, we solved the Schrödinger equa-
tion for different potentials for few-quark systems [14–17].
However, in the present work, we make use of the NU
method to solve the Klein-Gordon equation for a diatomic
molecule analytically. The NU method has recently been
exploited in a variety of physical fields, including the Schrö-
dinger equation with a spherically harmonic oscillatory
ring-shaped potential [18] or the second Pöschl-Teller-like
potential by the Nikiforov-Uvarov method [19].
In this paper, first we describe the Nikiforov-U varov
method. In Review of Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) Method, we
consider the Deng-Fan potential and calculate the energy
eigenvalue for different diatomic molecules. Next, we solve
the Klein-Gordo n equation analytically for the Eckart plus
Hulthen potential through the NU method and obtain the
energy eigenvalue. And finally, we present the results, discus-
sion, and conclusion.
Hindawi
Advances in High Energy Physics
Volume 2020, Article ID 2541837, 10 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2541837