铝合金船壳设计原则与BV NR561建造与检验指南

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本资源是一份由【船级社】 Bureau Veritas发布的关于铝合金船体设计原则、建造与检验的指导性文件，名为"BV NR561 Hull in Aluminium Alloys, Design Principles, Construction and Survey R03"，发布日期为2021年6月。文件针对的是海洋及 offshore（海上和近海）领域的应用，特别是Le Triangledel’Arche-8Coursdu Triangle-CS50101项目，位于法国巴黎拉德芳斯区。文件的核心内容围绕以下几个方面展开： 1. **设计原则** (Design Principles): 该部分提供了铝合金船体设计的关键指导，可能包括材料选择、结构优化、耐久性考虑、重量减轻策略以及对环境影响的控制。设计者需遵循最新的Bureau Veritas规则和标准，确保船舶在安全、性能和经济性上达到预期。 2. **建造与施工** (Construction and Survey): 涵盖了铝材的加工、焊接、组装过程中的质量控制措施，以及现场监造的要点。可能涉及施工工艺流程、验收标准、材料测试、结构完整性检查等关键环节。 3. **独立性和服务性质** (Independence and Service Provider Nature): 文件强调Bureau Veritas作为第三方船级社的独立性，仅提供随机检查服务，而非全面监控或保证结果。这意味着他们不承担义务确保特定结果或提供产品保修，仅提供专业意见和服务。 4. **一般条款** (General Conditions): 提供了Bureau Veritas Marine & Offshore的一般合同条款，包括责任限制、保密协议和知识产权保护等内容，确保双方权益得到保障。这份文档对于从事铝合金船体设计、制造和检验的专业人员来说是重要的参考资料，提供了在使用铝材构建船舶时需要遵循的设计标准、工艺实践和合同法务指导。通过理解和遵循这些原则，船舶制造商和运营商能够确保其项目符合国际船级社的要求，提升船舶的安全性和市场竞争力。

NR 561, Sec 2

Bureau Veritas June 2021

SECTION 2 MATERIALS

Symbols

E : Young’s modulus of aluminium, equal to

70000 N/mm

ν : Poisson ratio of aluminium, equal to 0,33

: Tensile strength, in N/mm

, of the parent metal in

delivery condition, as specified

p0,2

: Proof stress (yield strength), in N/mm

, of the

parent metal in delivery condition, as specified

’

: Tensile strength, in N/mm

, of the parent metal

in as-welded condition, as defined in [2.1.3] or

[2.1.4]

’

p0,2

: Proof stress (yield strength), in N/mm

, of the

parent metal in as-welded condition, as defined

in Article [2].

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 As a rule, the aluminium alloys used for the construc-

tion of aluminium ships are as follows:

• for rolled or extruded products:

- series 5000: aluminium-magnesium alloy

- series 6000: aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy.

• for cast products:

- aluminium-magnesium alloy

- aluminium-silicon alloy

- aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy.

In the early stages of the project, the shipyard is to submit to

the Society the characteristics of the materials they intend to

use for the construction of the hull and of the structures. In

particular, the temper of parent metal is to be indicated.

1.1.2 Manufacture, inspection and certification

The general requirements relevant to the manufacture,

inspection and certification of aluminium alloy products

entering in the hull construction are given in NR216 Rules

on Materials and Welding for the Classification of Marine

Units.

1.1.3 Aluminium alloy characteristics

The characteristics of aluminium alloy to be used in the

construction are to comply with the applicable require-

ments of NR216 Materials and Welding, Chapter 3,

Section 2.

Materials with different characteristics may be considered

provided their specification (manufacture, chemical com-

position, mechanical properties, welding, etc.) is submitted

to the Society for approval.

1.1.4 In the case of structures subjected to low service tem-

peratures or intended for other specific applications, the

alloys to be employed are to be agreed by the Society.

2 Aluminium structure

2.1 Influence of welding on mechanical

characteristics

2.1.1 Welding heat input lowers locally the mechanical

characteristics R

p0,2

and R

of aluminium alloys hardened

by work hardening (series 5000 other than condition O) or

by heat treatment (series 6000).

2.1.2 Consequently, where necessary, a drop in the

mechanical characteristics of welded structures, with

respect to those of the parent material, is to be considered

for the structure calculation.

As a general rule, the heat affected zone (HAZ) is to be

taken extending over 25 mm on each side of the weld axis.

2.1.3 Aluminium alloys of series 5000 (rolled and

extruded)

Aluminium alloys of series 5000 in O condition (annealed)

are not subject to a drop in mechanical strength in the

welded areas.

Aluminium alloys of series 5000 other than condition O are

subject to a drop in mechanical strength in the welded

areas. The mechanical characteristics to be considered are

normally those of condition O.

Note 1: Higher mechanical characteristics may be taken into

account, provided they are duly justified.

2.1.4 Aluminium alloys of series 6000

Aluminium alloys of series 6000 are subject to a drop in

mechanical strength in the vicinity of the welded areas.

The mechanical characteristics to be considered in this

HAZ are normally indicated by the supplier.

When no information is provided by the supplier, the values

given in Tab 1 may be used.

Note 1: Higher mechanical characteristics may be taken into

account, provided they are duly justified.

2.1.5 Hardened aluminium alloys

For welded constructions in hardened aluminium alloys

(series 5000 other than condition O and series 6000),

higher characteristics than those in welded condition may

be considered, provided that welded connections are

located in areas where stress levels are acceptable for the

alloy considered in annealed or as-welded condition.

NR 561, Sec 2

June 2021 Bureau Veritas 9

2.1.6 Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio

Unless otherwise specified, the Young’s modulus and the

Poisson ratio are to be taken, for aluminium alloy, respec-

tively equal to 70000 N/mm

and 0,33.

Table 1 : Aluminium alloys

as welded mechanical characteristics

2.2 Extruded plating

2.2.1 Extrusions with built-in plating and stiffeners, referred

to as extruded plating, may be used.

In general, the application is limited to decks, bulkheads,

superstructures and deckhouses. Other uses may be consid-

ered by the Society, on a case-by-case basis.

2.2.2 Extruded plating is preferably to be oriented so that

the stiffeners are parallel to the direction of main stresses.

2.2.3 The structure continuity of plates and stiffeners is to

be ensured in way of weld end extruded panels. The end

weld preparation and joints of extruded plating ends are to

be submitted for examination.

The crossing of extruded plating stiffeners with transverse

primary structure is to be submitted for examination, in par-

ticular the connection of the secondary stiffeners to the pri-

mary web transverse, and the connection of the primary

web transverse to the extruded plating.

2.3 Minimum yield stress for scantling crite-

ria of hull structure

2.3.1 The minimum yield stress of aluminium R

, in

N/mm

, used for the scantling criteria of the hull structure is

to be taken, unless otherwise specified, equal to:

where:

’

lim

: Minimum yield stress of the aluminium alloys

considered, to be taken equal to the minimum

value, in welded condition, between R

’

p0,2

(proof stress) and 0,7 R

’

(tensile strength).

2.4 Material factor k

2.4.1 To take into account the minimum yield stress of the

aluminium alloy in welded condition, the material factor k

used in the scantling formulae is to be taken equal to:

k = 100 / R’

lim

2.4.2 In the case of welding of two different aluminium

alloys, the material factor k to be considered for the scant-

lings is the greater material factor of the aluminium alloys of

the assembly.

2.5 Aluminium properties

2.5.1 Mechanical properties of aluminium alloys are to

comply with the applicable requirements of NR216 Materi-

als and Welding.

For information only, these properties are reminded in

App 1

2.6 Tolerances on dimensions

2.6.1 The minimum requirements for the under thickness

tolerances for rolled products are given in NR216 Materials,

Ch 3, Sec 2, [2.7].

The tolerances for extruded products are to be in accord-

ance with the requirements of recognized standards (EN

755-9 or equivalent).

Aluminium alloy

Temper

condition

R’

p0,2

R’

5000 series

p0,2

5000 series other

values of

0 condition

6005 A

(open sections)

T5 or T6

0,45 R

p0,2

0,6 R

6005 A

(closed sections)

T5 or T6

0,50 R

p0,2

0,6 R

6060 (sections) (1)

0,43 R

p0,2

0,5 R

6061 (sections)

0,53 R

p0,2

0,6 R

6082 (sections)

0,45 R

p0,2

0,6 R

6106 (sections)

0,33 R

p0,2

0,54 R

(1) 6060 alloy is not to be used for structural members sus-

taining dynamic loads (slamming and impact loads).

The use of 6106 alloy is recommended in that case.

′

lim

NR 561, Sec 3

Bureau Veritas June 2021

SECTION 3 J

OINT

ESIGN

, W

ELD

AND

IVETING

CANTLING

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 The requirements of this Section apply to the scant-

ling and joint design of welded connections or riveting con-

nections in aluminium alloy hull structures.

Other equivalent standards may be accepted by the Society,

on a case-by-case basis.

Note 1: Welding processes and inspection are dealt with in Sec 9.

1.1.2 Welding of various types of aluminium alloys is to be

carried out by means of welding procedures approved for

the purpose (see Sec 9, [3.4]).

1.1.3 The requirements of this Section apply also to hetero-

geneous connection of aluminium alloy members with steel

members by riveting, bi-metallic transition joints or other

means.

1.1.4 Weld connections are to be executed according to:

• the approved hull construction plans, and

• the weld and welding booklets submitted to the Society.

Any details not specifically represented in the plans are, in

any case, to comply with the applicable requirements of the

Society.

1.1.5 The method used to prepare the parts to be welded is

left to the discretion of each shipbuilder, according to its

own technology and experience.

These methods are to be reviewed during the qualification

of welding procedure, as defined in [1.2.2].

1.2 Weld and welding booklets

1.2.1 Weld booklet

A weld booklet, including the weld scantling such as throat

thickness, pitch, design of joints, is to be submitted to the

Society for examination.

The weld booklet is not required if the structure drawings

submitted to the Society contain the necessary relevant data

defining the weld scantling.

1.2.2 Welding booklet

A welding booklet including the welding procedures and

the criteria for the acceptance of weld imperfections is to be

submitted to the Surveyor for examination (see Sec 9).

2 Scantling of welds

2.1 Butt welds

2.1.1 As a rule, butt welding is to be used for plate and stiff-

ener butts and is mandatory for heavily stressed butts such

as those of the bottom, keel, side shell, sheerstrake and

strength deck plating, and bulkheads (in particular bulk-

heads located in areas where vibrations occur).

2.1.2 All structural butt joints are to be full penetration

welds completed by a backing run weld.

2.2 Butt welds on permanent backing

2.2.1 Butt weld on permanent backing may be accepted

where a backing run is not feasible.

In this case, the type of bevel and the gap between the

members to be assembled are to be such as to ensure a

proper penetration of the weld on its backing.

2.3 Fillet welds in a lap joint

2.3.1 Fillet weld in a lap joint may be used only for mem-

bers submitted to moderate stresses, taking into account the

throat thicknesses as defined in Fig 1 or Fig 2.

2.3.2

The width b, in mm, of overlapping is to be such that:

b ≥ 1,5 (t

+ t

) + 20.

Figure 1 : Fillet weld in lap joint

Figure 2 : Fillet weld in joggled lap joint

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