基于单片机的步进电机控制系统设计及调试研究

With the increasing number of vehicles in China, the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage have become more prominent. Electric vehicles, due to their low pollution and energy-saving advantages, have become the focus of research in various countries. The motor drive power system, as a key component of electric vehicles, has always been of concern to scholars. Stepper motors, because of their simple, inexpensive open-loop system, have been widely used in a variety of applications such as printers, office automation equipment, and various control devices. This paper introduces a single-chip microcomputer-based stepper motor control system. The assembly language is used to write programs for the forward, reverse, acceleration, deceleration, and stop functions of the motor, and these functions are implemented through the single-chip microcomputer, motor drive chip ULN2004, and corresponding buttons. The working status of the stepper motor is displayed using corresponding LEDs. The paper introduces the principles of stepper motors and single-chip microcomputers, the hardware circuit of the system, program composition, and debugging of the software and hardware. It also discusses the problems encountered during the debugging process and their solutions. This design features a clear train of thought, high reliability, and strong stability, and the above functions have been achieved through debugging. In conclusion, this paper presents a single-chip microcomputer-based stepper motor control system designed to address the issues of environmental pollution and energy shortage in the increasing vehicle inventory in China. The system is a practical and cost-effective solution for implementing stepper motor control in electric vehicles and other automated equipment. The successful implementation of the system demonstrates its reliability and stability and provides a valuable contribution to the field of electric vehicle technology.