Physics Letters B 780 (2018) 287–293
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Physics Letters B
www.elsevier.com/locate/physletb
A Nakanishi-based model illustrating the covariant extension of the
pion GPD overlap representation and its ambiguities
N. Chouika
a,∗
, C. Mezrag
b
, H. Moutarde
a
, J. Rodríguez-Quintero
c,d
a
IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
b
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, P. le A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
c
Dpto. Ciencias Integradas, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fis., Mat. y Comp., Fac. Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
d
CAFPE, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t
Article history:
Received
4 December 2017
Received
in revised form 22 February 2018
Accepted
28 February 2018
Available
online 6 March 2018
Editor: J.-P.
Blaizot
Keywords:
π-meson
Generalized
parton distributions
Bethe-Salepeter
Light-front
wave-functions
Radon
transform
Double
distributions
A systematic approach for the model building of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs), based on their
overlap representation within the DGLAP kinematic region and a further covariant extension to the
ERBL one, is applied to the valence-quark pion’s case, using light-front wave functions inspired by the
Nakanishi representation of the pion Bethe–Salpeter amplitudes (BSA). This simple but fruitful pion GPD
model illustrates the general model building technique and, in addition, allows for the ambiguities related
to the covariant extension, grounded on the Double Distribution (DD) representation, to be constrained
by requiring a soft-pion theorem to be properly observed.
© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP
3
.
1. Introduction
GPDs provide a three-dimensional picture of hadrons [1], uni-
fying
both Parton Distributions Functions (PDFs) and Form Fac-
tors
into a single nonperturbative object which yields information
about the distributions of partons within the light front. After
their introduction 20 years ago [2–4], GPDs became a hot topic in
hadron physics which many experimental and theoretical efforts
have been since then devoted to (see e.g. Refs. [5–11]). Still today,
they constitute a central goal contributing to guide experimental
programs, within the framework of an international cooperative
effort addressed to the understanding of the deep internal struc-
ture
of hadrons on the basis of QCD. In order to gain insight into
this internal structure, the appropriate description of GPDs plays
an essential role.
To
this purpose, either following a purely phenomenological
approach [12–17]or handling a nonperturbative framework that
might possess a direct connection with QCD (see e.g. Refs. [18–22]
*
Corresponding author.
E-mail
address: nabil .chouika @cea .fr (N. Chouika).
and references therein), some genuine constraints should be cru-
cially
observed. In particular, any theoretical construction properly
endowed for an accurate extrapolation of the experimental GPD
information is challenged by the need to fulfill the polynomiality
and
positivity properties. Positivity is a quantum mechanics impli-
cation
which results from the positivity of the norm in a Hilbert
space, while polynomiality is the consequence of the Lorentz in-
variance
in a quantum field theory, both very fundamental prop-
erties
grounded on the underlying structure and symmetries of
QCD. Only in very few cases, as e.g. Ref. [21], particular models
have been developed by taking care of both properties simulta-
neously.
More often, building a GPD model or applying a given
computational technique implies to favor one or the other, with
no guarantee for both being respected at the same footing. Never-
theless,
an interesting approach was pioneered by the authors of
Ref. [23], based on the GPD overlap representation, guaranteeing
positivity, and its further covariant extension, respecting polynomi-
ality,
guided by the Double Distribution representation. However,
the technique was developed only for a specific algebraic model
of light-front wave functions (LFWFs). We generalized it recently
in a model-independent way based on the Radon inverse trans-
form
in Ref. [24] and lengthily discussed therein a fully systematic
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2018.02.070
0370-2693/
© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by
SCOAP
3
.