High Power Laser Science and Engineering, (2019), Vol. 7, e49, 10 pages.
© The Author(s) 2019. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/
licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
doi:10.1017/hpl.2019.27
Calibration and verification of streaked optical
pyrometer system used for laser-induced
shock experiments
Zhiyu He
1
, Guo Jia
1
, Fan Zhang
1
, Xiuguang Huang
1,2
, Zhiheng Fang
1
, Jiaqing Dong
1
, Hua Shu
1
,
Junjian Ye
1
, Zhiyong Xie
1
, Yuchun Tu
1
, Qili Zhang
3
, Erfu Guo
1
, Wenbing Pei
1,2
, and Sizu Fu
1,2
1
Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, CAEP, Shanghai 201800, China
2
IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
3
Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
(Received 9 January 2019; revised 28 May 2019; accepted 10 June 2019)
Abstract
Although the streaked optical pyrometer (SOP) system has been widely adopted in shock temperature measurements, its
reliability has always been of concern. Here, two calibrated Planckian radiators with different color temperatures were
used to calibrate and verify the SOP system by comparing the two calibration standards using both multi-channel and
single-channel methods. A high-color-temperature standard lamp and a multi-channel filter were specifically designed
for the measurement system. To verify the reliability of the SOP system, the relative deviation between the measured
data and the standard value of less than 5% was calibrated out, which demonstrates the reliability of the SOP system.
Furthermore, a method to analyze the uncertainty and sensitivity of the SOP system is proposed. A series of laser-
induced shock experiments were conducted at the ‘Shenguang-II’ laser facility to verify the reliability of the SOP system
for temperature measurements at tens of thousands of kelvin. The measured temperature of the quartz in our experiments
agreed fairly well with previous works, which serves as evidence for the reliability of the SOP system.
Keywords: laser-induced shock waves; shock temperature measurement; streaked optical pyrometer
1. Introduction
Temperature is one of the most important parameters for
characterizing the thermodynamic state of matter. Tem-
perature measurements of materials under extreme condi-
tions play an important role in military applications, inertial
confinement fusion
[1]
, high-energy-density physics
[2, 3]
, and
fundamental material studies
[4]
. For instance, the estab-
lishment of the theoretical equation of state (EOS) model
at ultra-high pressures is very sensitive to the temperature.
Shock temperature measurements are among the important
means to examine and test the theoretical EOS model under
extreme conditions. High-power lasers have been increas-
ingly used as drivers for shock-wave experiments, and can
produce extremely high pressures
[5–11]
.
To date, measurements of the mechanical parameters, such
as the shock-wave velocity and pressure, of a system have
reached a relatively mature state in shock-wave experiments
to study the EOS. However, accurately measuring thermo-
Correspondence to: G. Jia, Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai
201800, China. Email: 387890448@qq.com
dynamic parameters, such as the temperature, remains a
difficult task because of the measurement complexity, preci-
sion requirements for the instruments, and the establishment
of the calculation model
[3]
. To date, the optical radiation
method has been widely used for transient measurements of
the shock temperature. The shock temperature of materials
can be inferred from the recorded self-emission of the
shocked materials by comparing the emission to a calibrated
Planckian radiator. A streaked optical pyrometer (SOP) is
commonly used to measure the self-emission
[5, 12–16]
.
Although the SOP system has been widely adopted in
shock temperature measurements, the reliability of this sys-
tem has always been questioned. Firstly, the method of
temperature measurement based on Planck’s theory has been
proposed for decades, but few people have validated the SOP
system with more than one standard source to prove its relia-
bility. Secondly, Zeldovich and Raizer
[3]
and Tan
[17]
have
presented different physical understandings of emissivity.
The former held that emissivity is a function of frequency,
while the latter considered that emissivity is independent
of frequency and the measured surface temperature is the
1