Logistic Regression教程:分类决策与Python实现

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在"LogisticLab.pdf"文档中,讨论的主题是逻辑回归(LogisticRegression),这是机器学习(ML2022: Machine Learning)课程中的一个重要概念。逻辑回归是一种用于分类问题的统计模型,它的主要目的是通过分析历史数据,预测新数据点属于某个类别的概率,而非直接给出确定的类别标签。在二元分类问题中,逻辑回归会将输出值y(x)映射到0到1之间,其中: - 如果y(x)小于1/2,预测结果倾向于"no"。 - 如果y(x)大于1/2,预测结果倾向于"yes"。 - 当y(x)接近0或1时,模型对预测结果的信心较高;而当y(x)接近1/2时,表示模型的不确定性较大。 该文档强调了实际应用中逻辑回归的决策阈值设置,即依据输出值判断新样本的归属。为了进行实战练习,文档提供了几个数据集供参与者使用,包括"caesareandata.txt"、"comfortdata.txt"和"golddata.txt",这些数据集可以在课程网站的特定页面下载:<https://people.sc.fsu.edu/∼jburkardt/classes/ml2022/datasets/datasets.html>。此外,还需要一个名为"logisticregression.py"的Python函数,这个函数可能是用于实现逻辑回归算法的工具,参与者需要下载或自行编写。 在进行第一个练习前,学生被指导要熟悉数据格式,并可能要在课堂上了解如何准备数据,如何导入这些文本文件,以及如何使用提供的Python函数来构建和训练逻辑回归模型。这可能涉及到数据预处理步骤,如特征选择、缺失值处理、标准化或归一化等,以确保模型能够有效地捕捉数据中的模式并作出准确的预测。 在实践中,学习者将应用逻辑回归模型解决实际问题,通过不断地调整模型参数、评估模型性能并理解其在不同数据集上的表现,逐步掌握这一关键的机器学习技术。同时,文档还可能涉及正则化、交叉验证等高级概念,以防止过拟合,并优化模型的泛化能力。整个过程旨在帮助学生深入理解逻辑回归的工作原理,提高他们的编程技能,以及在实际场景中运用机器学习算法的能力。

把这段代码的PCA换成LDA:LR_grid = LogisticRegression(max_iter=1000, random_state=42) LR_grid_search = GridSearchCV(LR_grid, param_grid=param_grid, cv=cvx ,scoring=scoring,n_jobs=10,verbose=0) LR_grid_search.fit(pca_X_train, train_y) estimators = [ ('lr', LR_grid_search.best_estimator_), ('svc', svc_grid_search.best_estimator_), ] clf = StackingClassifier(estimators=estimators, final_estimator=LinearSVC(C=5, random_state=42),n_jobs=10,verbose=1) clf.fit(pca_X_train, train_y) estimators = [ ('lr', LR_grid_search.best_estimator_), ('svc', svc_grid_search.best_estimator_), ] param_grid = {'final_estimator':[LogisticRegression(C=0.00001),LogisticRegression(C=0.0001), LogisticRegression(C=0.001),LogisticRegression(C=0.01), LogisticRegression(C=0.1),LogisticRegression(C=1), LogisticRegression(C=10),LogisticRegression(C=100), LogisticRegression(C=1000)]} Stacking_grid =StackingClassifier(estimators=estimators,) Stacking_grid_search = GridSearchCV(Stacking_grid, param_grid=param_grid, cv=cvx, scoring=scoring,n_jobs=10,verbose=0) Stacking_grid_search.fit(pca_X_train, train_y) Stacking_grid_search.best_estimator_ train_pre_y = cross_val_predict(Stacking_grid_search.best_estimator_, pca_X_train,train_y, cv=cvx) train_res1=get_measures_gridloo(train_y,train_pre_y) test_pre_y = Stacking_grid_search.predict(pca_X_test) test_res1=get_measures_gridloo(test_y,test_pre_y) best_pca_train_aucs.append(train_res1.loc[:,"AUC"]) best_pca_test_aucs.append(test_res1.loc[:,"AUC"]) best_pca_train_scores.append(train_res1) best_pca_test_scores.append(test_res1) train_aucs.append(np.max(best_pca_train_aucs)) test_aucs.append(best_pca_test_aucs[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)].item()) train_scores.append(best_pca_train_scores[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)]) test_scores.append(best_pca_test_scores[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)]) pca_comp.append(n_components[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)]) print("n_components:") print(n_components[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)])

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报错ValueError: np.nan is an invalid document, expected byte or unicode string. 怎么修改import pandas as pd from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer, TfidfVectorizer from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score # 读取电影评论数据集 data = pd.read_csv(r'D:\shujukexue\review_data.csv', encoding='gbk') x = v.fit_transform(df['eview'].apply(lambda x: np.str_(x))) # 分割数据集为训练集和测试集 X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(data['review'], data['sentiment'], test_size=0.2, random_state=42) # 创建CountVectorizer对象进行词频统计和向量化 count_vectorizer = CountVectorizer() X_train_count = count_vectorizer.fit_transform(X_train) X_test_count = count_vectorizer.transform(X_test) # 创建TfidfVectorizer对象进行TF-IDF计算和向量化 tfidf_vectorizer = TfidfVectorizer() X_train_tfidf = tfidf_vectorizer.fit_transform(X_train) X_test_tfidf = tfidf_vectorizer.transform(X_test) # 创建逻辑回归分类器并在CountVectorizer上进行训练和预测 classifier_count = LogisticRegression() classifier_count.fit(X_train_count, y_train) y_pred_count = classifier_count.predict(X_test_count) accuracy_count = accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred_count) print("Accuracy using CountVectorizer:", accuracy_count) # 创建逻辑回归分类器并在TfidfVectorizer上进行训练和预测 classifier_tfidf = LogisticRegression() classifier_tfidf.fit(X_train_tfidf, y_train) y_pred_tfidf = classifier_tfidf.predict(X_test_tfidf) accuracy_tfidf = accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred_tfidf) print("Accuracy using TfidfVectorizer:", accuracy_tfidf)

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优化这段代码 for j in n_components: estimator = PCA(n_components=j,random_state=42) pca_X_train = estimator.fit_transform(X_standard) pca_X_test = estimator.transform(X_standard_test) cvx = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=5, shuffle=True, random_state=42) cost = [-5, -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15] gam = [3, 1, -1, -3, -5, -7, -9, -11, -13, -15] parameters =[{'kernel': ['rbf'], 'C': [2x for x in cost],'gamma':[2x for x in gam]}] svc_grid_search=GridSearchCV(estimator=SVC(random_state=42), param_grid=parameters,cv=cvx,scoring=scoring,verbose=0) svc_grid_search.fit(pca_X_train, train_y) param_grid = {'penalty':['l1', 'l2'], "C":[0.00001,0.0001,0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000], "solver":["newton-cg", "lbfgs","liblinear","sag","saga"] # "algorithm":['auto', 'ball_tree', 'kd_tree', 'brute'] } LR_grid = LogisticRegression(max_iter=1000, random_state=42) LR_grid_search = GridSearchCV(LR_grid, param_grid=param_grid, cv=cvx ,scoring=scoring,n_jobs=10,verbose=0) LR_grid_search.fit(pca_X_train, train_y) estimators = [ ('lr', LR_grid_search.best_estimator_), ('svc', svc_grid_search.best_estimator_), ] clf = StackingClassifier(estimators=estimators, final_estimator=LinearSVC(C=5, random_state=42),n_jobs=10,verbose=0) clf.fit(pca_X_train, train_y) estimators = [ ('lr', LR_grid_search.best_estimator_), ('svc', svc_grid_search.best_estimator_), ] param_grid = {'final_estimator':[LogisticRegression(C=0.00001),LogisticRegression(C=0.0001), LogisticRegression(C=0.001),LogisticRegression(C=0.01), LogisticRegression(C=0.1),LogisticRegression(C=1), LogisticRegression(C=10),LogisticRegression(C=100), LogisticRegression(C=1000)]} Stacking_grid =StackingClassifier(estimators=estimators,) Stacking_grid_search = GridSearchCV(Stacking_grid, param_grid=param_grid, cv=cvx, scoring=scoring,n_jobs=10,verbose=0) Stacking_grid_search.fit(pca_X_train, train_y) var = Stacking_grid_search.best_estimator_ train_pre_y = cross_val_predict(Stacking_grid_search.best_estimator_, pca_X_train,train_y, cv=cvx) train_res1=get_measures_gridloo(train_y,train_pre_y) test_pre_y = Stacking_grid_search.predict(pca_X_test) test_res1=get_measures_gridloo(test_y,test_pre_y) best_pca_train_aucs.append(train_res1.loc[:,"AUC"]) best_pca_test_aucs.append(test_res1.loc[:,"AUC"]) best_pca_train_scores.append(train_res1) best_pca_test_scores.append(test_res1) train_aucs.append(np.max(best_pca_train_aucs)) test_aucs.append(best_pca_test_aucs[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)].item()) train_scores.append(best_pca_train_scores[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)]) test_scores.append(best_pca_test_scores[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)]) pca_comp.append(n_components[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)]) print("n_components:") print(n_components[np.argmax(best_pca_train_aucs)])

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