2023年ABS乘客舒适度指南：船舶设计与评估标准

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《美国船级社2023年乘客舒适指南》（ABS Guide for Passenger Comfort on Ships 2023）是美国船级社（American Bureau of Shipping, ABS）发布的一份重要文件，旨在为乘客船舶提供一个综合的舒适标准参考。这份指南涵盖了船舶设计、建造和运营中与乘客体验密切相关的舒适性要素，特别关注于那些搭载超过十二名乘客，用于通勤、旅游、度假和休闲目的的船只，包括游轮和渡轮（无论是常规还是高速）。该指南建立了一套客观的评估标准和测量方法，这些标准基于最新的科研成果和人体心理学、生理学反应的相关规范。其目的是为了提升乘客在航行过程中的舒适度，从而满足日益增长的乘客期望和行业标准。舒适性（Comfort, COMF）和舒适度（Comfo）等可选标记是针对寻求提高乘客满意度的船东和公司设计的，它们表明船舶已经达到了特定的舒适性要求。内容主要包括以下几个方面： 1. **概述与目标**：指南的前言明确了ABS发布此文档的初衷，即提供一个便于操作的资源，帮助船舶所有者和公司确保他们的船只在设计和运营中考虑到乘客的舒适性。 2. **适用范围**：适用于各类乘客船，无论是一般通勤用途还是休闲娱乐，如短途旅行或长途度假，特别是对于游轮和高速渡轮这类专门设计的服务。 3. **评估标准**：指南详细阐述了评估乘客舒适度的具体标准，这些标准涉及到船舶内部环境（如噪音、振动、温度、空气质量和布局）、设施（如座椅舒适度、卫生设施、餐饮服务）、以及可能影响乘客体验的技术和服务因素。 4. **测量方法**：指南还提供了实用的方法论，指导如何收集数据并进行测量，以便于评估船只是否达到舒适性的目标。 5. **认证与标记**：指南强调了申请舒适性标记的过程，这对于船东来说是一个认可和市场竞争力的体现，证明他们对乘客舒适度的承诺。《美国船级社2023年乘客舒适指南》是一个实用的工具，对于船运业者而言，它不仅有助于优化乘客体验，也是保持竞争力和遵循行业最佳实践的关键资源。通过遵循这一指南，船舶运营者能够提升品牌形象，同时确保航行过程中的乘客舒适度得到充分考虑。

7.2.2 Test Reports

Upon completion of the ambient environmental testing, Test Reports shall be submitted to the

ABS Surveyor. In addition, a copy of the Test Reports shall become part of the vessel’s official

documentation. These reports contain ambient environmental information such as test results,

testing details, measurement equipment details, etc. The specific report contents for the various

ambient environmental criteria are outlined in later sections of this Guide as follows:

Environmental Aspect Test Report Details

Whole-body Vibration 2/8

Noise 3/8

Indoor Climate 4/8

Lighting 5/8

8 Process for Obtaining a Notation

Prior to scheduling ambient environmental testing activities, the vessel Owner or shipyard shall certify the

operational status of the vessel as being fully operational and/or inclusive of all equipment and furnishings.

If the vessel is not fully operational, a complete listing of deficiencies of areas, components, equipment,

etc., shall be submitted to ABS for review.

ABS shall then make a determination and notify the vessel Owner or shipyard as to whether ambient

environmental testing can commence. The intent is to align sea trials/activities with the ambient

environmental testing so that all testing is completed during this time.

Section 1, Figure 1, “Process for Obtaining a Comfort Notation”, charts the process for obtaining a COMF

or COMF+ notation. The following paragraphs briefly describe the notation process.

8.1 Ambient Environment

Ambient environmental test plans for whole-body vibration, noise, indoor climate and lighting shall be

prepared and submitted to ABS.

The Test Plans shall serve as a primary vehicle for verifying the measurement locations and measurement

process, as well as specifying the Testing Specialist who will perform the ambient environmental testing.

Testing, inspections and data collection shall be performed by the Testing Specialists and witnessed by an

ABS Surveyor. Test Reports for ambient environmental testing shall be prepared by the Testing Specialists

and submitted to the ABS Surveyor for review.

8.2 Results

The ABS Surveyor verification measurements and ambient environmental Test Reports shall be reviewed

by the ABS Surveyor for determination of notation confirmation.

Section 1 General 1

ABS GUIDE FOR PASSENGER COMFORT ON SHIPS • 2023 11

10 Surveys after Construction

It is intended that all surveys after construction are to be aligned with Classification Surveys.

Harmonization of surveys is to be carried out at the first available opportunity.

10.1 Annual Surveys

In order to maintain the COMF or COMF+ notation, an Annual Survey shall be made within three (3)

months before or after each annual anniversary date of the crediting of the Initial Survey or the previous

Special Periodical Survey. The following information shall be reviewed by the attending ABS Surveyor for

issues that could affect the Comfort notation:

i) Collision and grounding reports since previous Initial, Annual or Special Periodical Survey

ii) Fire, repair and damage reports since previous Initial, Annual or Special Periodical Survey

iii) A list of all structural or mechanical modifications to the vessel since previous Initial, Annual or

Special Periodical Survey

During the attending ABS Surveyor's review of the submitted information, a determination will be made as

to whether changes or alterations have taken place that could affect the Comfort notation. As a result, the

vessel may be subject to the review, ambient environmental testing and inspection requirements of this

Guide.

10.2 Special Periodical Surveys

In order to maintain the COMF or COMF+ notation, a Special Periodical Survey shall be completed

within five (5) years after the date of build or after the crediting date of the previous Special Periodical

Survey. A Special Periodical Survey will be credited as of the completion date of the survey but not later

than five (5) years from date of build or from the date recorded for the previous Special Periodical Survey.

If the Special Periodical Survey is completed within three (3) months prior to the due date, the Special

Periodical Survey will be credited to agree with the effective due date. The Special Periodical Survey may

be commenced fifteen (15) months prior to the due date and be continued with completion by the due date.

10.2.1 Survey Requirements

The Survey shall be comprised of ABS Engineering reviews, ABS Surveyor verifications and

ambient environmental testing. The Survey will cover all four (4) Comfort aspects.

The following shall be submitted to an ABS Technical Office three (3) months prior to carrying

out the ambient environmental testing:

i) Fire, repair or damage reports since previous Annual Survey

ii) A list of all structural or mechanical modifications to the vessel since previous Annual

Survey

iii) Drawings//arrangements of passenger spaces, affected by alterations

iv) Copy of approved Initial Test Plans and Test Reports

v) Test Plans and Test Reports resulting from Annual Surveys

vi) Proposed Special Periodical Survey Test Plans for the current survey.

vii) Previous Special Periodical Survey Test Plans and reports, if applicable.

The Special Periodical Survey data submittal serves two purposes. The first purpose is to provide

a history of ambient environmental testing, as well as the Special Periodical Survey ambient

environmental Test Plans for review and approval. The second is to allow scheduling of

measurement verifications and ambient environmental testing.

Section 1 General 1

ABS GUIDE FOR PASSENGER COMFORT ON SHIPS • 2023 13

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分析年度乘客总量变化情况（折线图）分析乘客在一年中各月份的分布（柱状图）要求两种解法： 1、使用groupby方法， 2、不是用groupby，使用numpy或pandas 最基础的运算将其组合运算出来，日期为年月str类型

说到公交车,大家都不陌生,坐过公交车的朋友可能都知道,一般公交车上都有售票员(BusConductor),当然无人售票车要除外了。售票员(BusConductor)除了收取乘客(Passenger)的车费还起着监控的作用。试用观察者