Zigbee无线网络技术详解

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"Zigbee Wireless Networking - 由Drew Gislason著，这是一本深入介绍Zigbee无线网络技术的英文书籍，属于Elsevier出版社的Newnes imprint系列。本书详细探讨了Zigbee在无线传感器网络中的应用和实现。" Zigbee是一种基于IEEE 802.15.4标准的低功耗、短距离无线通信技术，主要用于物联网（IoT）设备之间的通信。这种技术特别适合那些需要大量设备连接且对数据传输速率要求不高的场景，如智能家居、工业自动化和环境监测等。Zigbee网络能够创建自组织的星型、网状或树形网络结构，具有自我修复和网络扩展能力。在这本书中，作者Drew Gislason深入浅出地介绍了Zigbee无线网络的基本概念，包括网络架构、协议栈、设备角色（协调器、路由器和终端设备）以及Zigbee网络的配置和管理。读者可以了解到如何设置和维护Zigbee网络，以及如何处理网络中的安全性和可靠性问题。 Zigbee无线网络的一个关键优势是其低功耗特性，这对于电池供电的传感器节点至关重要。书中可能会详细讨论如何优化能耗，延长设备的电池寿命。此外，Zigbee的网络层支持网状网络，使得信息可以通过多个路径传递，增加了网络的鲁棒性。书中还可能涵盖了Zigbee与其他无线技术（如Wi-Fi、Bluetooth）的比较，以及Zigbee在特定应用领域的案例研究。对于想要理解Zigbee技术的开发者和工程师来说，这些实战经验和实例分析非常有价值。在版权方面，这本书明确指出未经许可，不得复制、存储或以任何形式传播其内容。如果需要引用或复制部分章节，应事先获得Elsevier出版社的授权。 "Zigbee Wireless Networking" 是一本全面了解和掌握Zigbee技术的专业书籍，对于从事无线传感器网络和物联网领域的专业人士来说，是不可或缺的参考资料。通过阅读本书，读者将能够深入理解Zigbee无线网络的工作原理，并具备实际应用和开发Zigbee系统的能力。

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Acknowledgments

There are so many people that contributed to this book. First of all, I’d like to thank my

wife, Alicia. Without her countless hours of encouragement and solid support of this

arduous process called writing a book, this would not have been possible. And to my

daughters, Lita, Genevieve, and Elanor, I love you.

To Rachel, my editor at Elsevier, a big thank you, especially for your patience. There is a

White Chocolate Frappuccino

waiting for you at Starbucks

, my treat.

I’d like to thank all the staff at Freescale, in what’s now called Wireless Commercial

Operations (WCO), especially Brett Black for believing in and championing this

technology, Darrel Simms for introducing me to Freescale, Mark Williams for always

supporting his partners, Walter Young whose command of the English language is

greater than Strunk and White, Mads Westergreen—a Danish man who knows more

about ZigBee than just about anybody on the planet, Matt Maupin, Ryan Kelly,

Shannon Reid, and so many others as well.

Also, ZigBee Alliance members deserve many thanks for this book: Bob Heile,

Zachary Smith, Ian Marsden, Don Sturek, Phil Jamieson, and Skip Ashton, all of whom

have made the ZigBee standard possible. I really appreciate all the time you’ve spent

explaining the concepts to me, and discussing the edge cases. You have taught me so

much. And to others within the Alliance who have patiently answered my questions:

Spiro Sacre, Monique Brown, Wally Burnham, Claudio Borean, Rudi Belliardi,

Greg Henry, Silviu Chiricescu, and Bill Wood, thank you.

To my good friends and colleagues, Masaru and Blanca Natsu, Christian Garcia, and

Dalila Pinedo, thank you for all your help, suggestions, corrections, and insight. And to

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2 Chapter 1

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data to a thermostat. While other wireless technologies are designed to run for hours or

perhaps days on batteries, ZigBee is designed to run for years. And while other wireless

technologies provide 12 to 24 months of shelf life for a product, ZigBee products can

typically provide decades or more of use.

The market category ZigBee serves is called “ wireless sensor networking and control, ”

or simply, “ wireless control. ” In fact, the slogan for ZigBee is, “ Wireless Control That

Simply Works. ”

I’ll get to that in a moment (the first code example in this book, “ Hello ZigBee, ” simply

works). The wireless control market has a number of unique needs for which ZigBee is

ideally suited, because ZigBee is:

●

Highly reliable

●

Cost-effective

●

Able to achieve very low power

●

Highly secure

●

An open global standard

To achieve the low power and low cost criteria, ZigBee added a constraint to the

technology:

Low data rate

Now, why would a networking standard want to encourage low data rates? Because

ZigBee is all about wireless monitoring and control. Think of a light switch. How often

does it need to communicate? Ten times per day? Or perhaps, not at all, on a given day?

How large is that data set? By keeping focused on the appropriate technology for wireless

control, ZigBee achieves an elegant solution that makes sense and fits a set of markets

very well. Just don’t expect to stream voice or video over ZigBee. Yes, I have seen

companies stream voice over ZigBee, but that’s not the intended use, and it consumes

way too much bandwidth for most ZigBee networks.

“ Wireless Control That Simply Works. ” Those words, the slogan of the ZigBee Alliance,

are oh-so-easy to say and oh-so-hard to do. ZigBee comes pretty close, as you’ll see

over the course of this book. Unfortunately, making wireless control that simply works

from an end-user perspective requires a fair bit of work from the developer and system

designer, with some thought taken on how the application is to be solved. ZigBee has

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Hello ZigBee 3

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the necessary networking primitives to make it possible, and in many cases also has the

necessary Application Profiles to make compatibility with other products possible. In this

book, I’ll show you how to apply ZigBee appropriately to achieve wireless control that

simply works.

ZigBee is a standard networking protocol aimed at the wireless control market.

The ZigBee protocol fits on 8-bit microcontrollers, with 16- and 32-bit solutions available.

1.1 What’s a ZigBee?

Before I delve into ZigBee in detail, I’d like to address one question that seems to come

up every time I speak about ZigBee in public. Where did the name ZigBee come from?

Well, the way I first heard it was at the ZigBee Open House in Seattle, back in 2004.

This story was told during a time when ZigBee was often confused with Bluetooth™.

Just so you don’t confuse the two: Bluetooth™ is great at point-to-point (as seen in many

headsets and cell phones). ZigBee is great at wireless control, where anywhere from two

to thousands of nodes are all connected together, in multi-hop mesh network.

Bob Heile, Chairman of the ZigBee Alliance explained the origin of ZigBee something

like this:

A Norwegian legend speaks of a little troll by the name of ZigBee, who lived in the village

of Vik far inland on the fjord of Sogn. Now, Norwegian trolls aren’t the big, nasty and

smelly, hard-as-rock variety often told of in other tales, at least not always. ZigBee was

a kindly, quiet little troll, who didn’t speak much, but when he did speak it was always

reliable. A person could count on ZigBee.

One time, ZigBee sensed that a decomposing pile of hay stacked up against a barn had

become too hot and had begun to smolder. ZigBee, in no time at all, sounded the alarm

to every house in the village, and the villagers were able to put out the fire before the barn

was lost.

Another day, a grandfather left the port of Vik i Sogn in his small fishing boat to catch

Salmon with his granddaughter Brita. This day, unlike other days, Brita was not being

careful. Bestefar (that is the name Norwegians give to their grandfathers) didn’t notice

when Brita fell overboard as he was busy hauling in a net full of fish off the stern of the

little boat. ZigBee, sensing immediately that Brita had fallen, alerted Bestefar who was

able to save her from drowning.

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