TMS320F281x设备串行闪存编程指南

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"该文档是TMS320F281x Boot ROM Serial Flash Programming的应用报告，由Jeff Stafford撰写，发布于2007年10月。报告详细介绍了TI（德州仪器）的Flash应用编程接口(API)，该接口用于与TI的Flash算法交互。在阅读此报告之前，理解Flash API的基本原理至关重要。尽管此文档不替代Flash API文档，但它旨在引导用户通过TI的多份文档，其中Flash API文档最为关键。文档末尾的参考资料部分列出了所有相关文档的完整列表。针对TMS320F281x系列器件，在电路中的串行Flash编程当前推荐使用Spectrum Digital的SDFlash工具，这是一个基于Windows的现成工具，支持使用IEEE 1149.1-1990标准（即JTAG测试访问端口和边界扫描架构）或系统通信接口（SCI）对TMS320F281x器件进行编程。当需要图形用户界面（GUI）解决方案时，这是首选的方法。如果编程选项不包括基于Windows的个人计算机，本报告将指导您配置自定义测试夹具。文档的适用部分提供了示例软件。在编写文档时使用的硬件包括Spectrum Digital的F2812 eZdsp和IEEE Std. 1149.1-1990（JTAG）仿真器（XDS510 USB）以及Link-research的RS-232接口板。该应用报告深入探讨了如何利用TMS320F281x Boot ROM进行串行Flash编程的详细步骤，包括使用SDFlash工具的流程、如何利用JTAG接口和SCI进行设备编程，以及如何在没有Windows环境的情况下构建自定义编程方案。此外，它还提供了一定的硬件配置和软件实现的指导，以确保用户能够有效地对TMS320F281x DSP（数字信号处理器）进行编程和调试。这篇报告对于那些在TMS320F281x系列DSP上进行固件开发和更新，尤其是需要在系统编程的工程师来说，是一份非常有价值的参考资料。它涵盖了从基本概念到实际操作的全方位指南，确保用户能够理解和实施串行Flash编程，从而提高工作效率并减少潜在的错误。"

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3.1.1.2 Using Linker to Fill Unused Flash Addresses

3.1.1.3 Using the Hex Converter to Fill Unused Flash Addresses

Procedure

Figure 7 illustrates the build process used by the AppCode to go from source code to a single binary file.

The linking stage can fill unused Flash addresses. The linker uses a command file to define the memory

range to the target processor. It then directs the program and data sections from the AppCode into these

defined memory ranges. If these ranges are not completely used, a fill value can be used to make sure

that all addresses have been loaded. Example 1 shows how the fill value of 0 × FFFF is being used to fill

any unused addresses in the memory ranges named: FLASHE, FLASHD, and FLASHC. Note that

FLASHB does not have a fill value. That is discussed in the next section when the hex converter fills this

Flash section with the same 0 × FFFF fill value.

Example 1. Linker Command File for Filling Unused Addresses With 0xFFFF

MEMORY

{

PAGE 0: /* Program Memory */

RAML0 : origin = 0x008000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip RAM block

L0 */

FLASHE : origin = 0x3E8000, length = 0x004000, fill =0xFFFF /* on-chip FLASH */

FLASHD : origin = 0x3EC000, length = 0x004000, fill =0xFFFF /* on-chip FLASH */

FLASHC : origin = 0x3F0000, length = 0x004000, fill =0xFFFF /* on-chip FLASH */

FLASHB : origin = 0x3F4000, length = 0x002000 /* on-chip FLASH */

Example 2 shows the MAP file output from linking the AppCode. Note that the fill value of 0 × FFFF is

shown in the right-most column, and this fill value is associated with the memory ranges defined in the

linker command file.

The FLASHB range does not have a fill value assigned to it, and this range is shown as having 0 × 2000

addresses that are unused. These are filled in the next section using the hex converter.

Example 2. Linker MAP File With 0xFFFF Fill Values

******************************************************************************

TMS320C2000 COFF Linker PC v4.1.0

******************************************************************************

OUTPUT FILE NAME: <./Debug/AppCode.out>

ENTRY POINT SYMBOL: "_c_int00" address: 003ec000

MEMORY CONFIGURATION

name origin length used attr fill

---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---- --------

PAGE 0: RAML0 00008000 00001000 00000086 RWIX

FLASHE 003e8000 00004000 00004000 RWIX ffff

FLASHD 003ec000 00004000 00004000 RWIX ffff

FLASHC 003f0000 00004000 00004000 RWIX ffff

FLASHB 003f4000 00002000 00000000 RWIX

FLASHA 003f6000 00001f80 00001f80 RWIX ffff

CSM_RSVD 003f7f80 00000076 00000076 RWIX

BEGIN 003f7ff6 00000002 00000002 RWIX

CSM_PWL 003f7ff8 00000008 00000008 RWIX

ROM 003ff000 00000fc0 00000000 RWIX

RESET 003fffc0 00000002 00000000 RWIX

VECTORS 003fffc2 0000003e 00000000 RWIX

The hex converter (HEX2000 utility) is used to convert the COFF formatted output from the linker to an

ASCII hex file. The format of this ASCII hex file can be controlled from a command file, similar to the

linker. Example 3 shows the F2810 HEX2000 command file used for the AppCode. HEX2000 is

documented in the TMS320C28x Assembly Language Tools User’s Guide (SPRU513 ).

SPRAAQ2 – October 2007 TMS320F281x Boot ROM Serial Flash Programming 9

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3.1.2 Create AppCode Binary File

Procedure

Example 3. AppCode HEX2000 F2810 Command File

AppCode.out

-map AppCode_hex.map

-o AppCode.hex

-m

-memwidth 16

-image

ROMS

{

FLASH2810: origin = 0x3e8000, len = 0x10000, romwidth = 16, fill = 0xFFFF

}

In Example 4 , FLASHB has the correct fill value of 0 × FFFF, and the other Flash sections filled by the

linker are shown with fill values represented by symbols starting with these characters: $fillxxx.

Example 4. Hex Converter MAP File With 0xFFFF Fill Values

********************************************************************************

TMS320C2000 COFF/Hex Converter v4.3.0

********************************************************************************

INPUT FILE NAME: <AppCode.out>

OUTPUT FORMAT: Motorola-S

PHYSICAL MEMORY PARAMETERS

Default data width : 16

Default memory width : 16

Default output width : 8

OUTPUT TRANSLATION MAP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

003e8000..003f7fff Page=0 Memory Width=16 ROM Width=16 "FLASH2810"

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OUTPUT FILES: AppCode.hex [b0..b15]

CONTENTS: 003e8000..003e80ff .econst Data Width=2

003e8100..003ebfff $fill000 Data Width=2

003ec000..003ec3b9 .text Data Width=2

003ec3ba..003ec43f ramfuncs Data Width=2

003ec440..003ec458 .cinit Data Width=2

003ec459..003effff $fill001 Data Width=2

003f0000..003f3fff $fill002 Data Width=2

003f4000..003f5fff FILL = 0000ffff

003f6000..003f7f7f $fill003 Data Width=2

003f7f80..003f7ff5 csm_rsvd Data Width=2

003f7ff6..003f7ff7 codestart Data Width=2

003f7ff8..003f7fff csmpasswds Data Width=2

All unused Flash addresses have been filled. This section looks at how to create an AppCode’s binary file

suitable for CKFA’s SCI transmission and Flash programming, see Figure 7 .

HEX2000 produces an ASCII formatted file that could have been used in this application report, but there

are two drawbacks:

• It takes ASCII 16-bits to represent 8-bits of binary data required for Flash programming

• Performing this conversion with CKFA adds to the overall Flash programming time

10 TMS320F281x Boot ROM Serial Flash Programming SPRAAQ2 – October 2007

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3.1.2.1 Generating AppCode.bin From CCS

Procedure

FileIOShell.exe is used to convert the ASCII output of HEX2000 to binary format. This utility is configured

to convert from Motorola-S record (16-bit, big endian) to binary file formats. See Appendix G for

Motorola-S record format.

Example 3 shows the HEX2000 F2810 command file instructing HEX2000 to generate a Motorola-S

formatted ASCII file. The syntax of this file is described below:

= COFF executable input file

• AppCode.out

= HEX2000 MAP output file (contents shown in Example 2 )

• -map AppCode_hex.map

= hex file output

• -o AppCode.hex

= Specify Motorola-S record format

• -m

= 16-bit memory width, big endian

• -memwidth 16

= this allows the fill parameter to be used

• -image

The output file, AppCode.hex, becomes an input to FileIOShell which converts it to binary form ready for

CKFA controlled SCI transmission and Flash programming.

Example 5. AppCode.hex (ASCII Reader), Mot-S Input File to FileIOShell.exe

S00600004844521B

S2223E8000C1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5BD

S2223E800F003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC1F5003EC0B0003EC0B5003EAD

S2223E801EC0BA003EC0BF003EC0C4003EC0C9003EC0CE003EC0D3003EC0D8003EC0DDF3

Example 6. AppCode.bin (Binary Reader), Binary Output From FileIOShell.exe

c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e

f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c1 f5 00 3e c0 b0 00 3e c0 b5

00 3e c0 ba 00 3e c0 bf 00 3e c0 c4 00 3e c0 c9 00 3e c0 ce 00 3e c0 d3 00 3e c0 d8 00

3e c0 dd

In the Code Composer Studio project AppCode.pjt, build options are configured to call the

AppCode_COFF2BIN_281x.bat on every build. There are two versions of this batch file, one for the 64

KW Flash range of the F2810 (AppCode_COFF2BIN_2810.bat), and one for the 128 KW range of the

F2811/F2812 (AppCode_COFF2BIN_2812.bat). Essentially these files are identical, except that they use

different command files for the HEX2000 utility to define the two different Flash ranges.

Example 7. AppCode_COFF2BIN_2810.bat

cd debug

C:\CCStudio_v3.1\C2000\cgtools\bin\hex2000.exe AppCode_hex_2810.cmd

FileIOShell.exe -I AppCode.hex -o AppCode.bin

SPRAAQ2 – October 2007 TMS320F281x Boot ROM Serial Flash Programming 11

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