构建高效微软平台应用：ASP.NET MVC 2专业教程

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ASP.NET MVC 2 是 Microsoft 平台上的专业级 Web 应用开发框架，旨在构建维护性高、符合标准且性能卓越的应用程序。本书——《Pro ASP.NET MVC 2 Framework》第二版由 Steven Sanderson 编写，是 ASP.NET MVC 技术领域的权威指南。它不仅深入探讨了 ASP.NET MVC 2 的核心概念，还涵盖了如何利用该框架创建高效、可扩展和模块化的Web应用。本书的重要内容包括： 1. **框架介绍**：阐述 ASP.NET MVC (Model-View-Controller) 模式，强调其与传统 Web 开发模型的区别，以及它如何促进分层设计、松耦合和代码重用。 2. **核心组件**：讲解 Model（数据模型）、View（视图）和 Controller（控制器）之间的协作，以及它们在处理用户请求和响应中的角色。此外，还会涉及 Action（操作）、View Engine（视图引擎）和路由（Routing）等关键组件。 3. **MVC 实践**：通过实际示例演示如何构建 MVC 结构，包括如何组织代码结构、使用视图模板、处理表单验证和数据绑定，以及利用 AJAX 和 jQuery 等工具提升用户体验。 4. **架构最佳实践**：讨论如何遵循 SOLID 原则，采用依赖注入、约定优于配置（Conventions over Configuration）和领域驱动设计（Domain-Driven Design, DDD）原则，来确保项目的可维护性和扩展性。 5. **性能优化**：关注 Web 应用的性能瓶颈，如缓存策略、数据库查询优化、HTTP 响应时间和前端性能优化等，提供实用的性能调优技巧。 6. **最新特性**：涵盖 ASP.NET MVC 2 的新功能和改进，如路由参数绑定、动态数据绑定、强类型HTML辅助方法等，帮助开发者紧跟技术更新。 7. **安全性和隐私**：讨论如何保护应用程序的安全性，包括身份验证、授权、输入验证和防止跨站脚本攻击（XSS）和跨站请求伪造（CSRF）。 8. **部署和调试**：分享部署到生产环境的实用策略，以及如何使用调试工具进行问题排查和性能分析。 9. **附录和资源**：提供实用的工具链配置、源代码示例以及进一步学习的参考链接，帮助读者持续学习和深化理解。《Pro ASP.NET MVC 2 Framework》第二版是一本全面而深入的教材，适合 ASP.NET MVC 开发者升级技能，同时也适合对.NET平台有兴趣的中级开发者作为参考书籍。无论是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，都能从中获益良多，提升在Microsoft平台上构建高质量Web应用的能力。

■ CONTENTS

xiv

Using Partial Views ..................................................................................................... 401

Creating and Rendering a Partial View ..............................................................................................401

Rendering a Partial View Using Server Tags......................................................................................406

Summary..................................................................................................................... 408

■Chapter 12: Models and Data Entry...................................................................409

How It All Fits Together............................................................................................... 409

Templated View Helpers ............................................................................................. 410

Displaying and Editing Models Using Templated View Helpers .........................................................411

Using Partial Views to Define Custom Templates ..............................................................................422

Model Metadata .......................................................................................................... 427

Working with Data Annotations..........................................................................................................428

Creating a Custom Metadata Provider ...............................................................................................429

Consuming Model Metadata in Custom HTML Helpers......................................................................433

Using [MetadataType] to Define Metadata on a Buddy Class ............................................................434

Model Binding ............................................................................................................. 434

Model-Binding to Action Method Parameters ....................................................................................435

Model-Binding to Custom Types ........................................................................................................436

Invoking Model Binding Directly ........................................................................................................439

Model-Binding to Arrays, Collections, and Dictionaries.....................................................................441

Creating a Custom Value Provider .....................................................................................................444

Creating a Custom Model Binder .......................................................................................................445

Using Model Binding to Receive File Uploads....................................................................................449

Validation .................................................................................................................... 450

Registering and Displaying Validation Errors.....................................................................................450

Performing Validation As Part of Model Binding ................................................................................456

Specifying Validation Rules................................................................................................................458

Invoking Validation Manually .............................................................................................................464

Using Client-Side Validation...............................................................................................................465

Putting Your Model Layer in Charge of Validation..............................................................................472

Summary..................................................................................................................... 476

■ CONTENTS

■Chapter 13: User Interface Techniques .............................................................477

Wizards and Multistep Forms ..................................................................................... 477

Defining the Model.............................................................................................................................478

Navigation Through Multiple Steps....................................................................................................479

Collecting and Preserving Data..........................................................................................................481

Completing the Wizard.......................................................................................................................483

Validation ...........................................................................................................................................485

Implementing a CAPTCHA ........................................................................................... 489

Creating an Html.Captcha() Helper.....................................................................................................490

Verifying the Form Submission ..........................................................................................................495

Using Child Actions to Create Reusable Widgets with Application Logic.................... 496

How the Html.RenderAction Helper Invokes Child Actions ................................................................497

When It’s Appropriate to Use Child Actions........................................................................................497

Creating a Widget Based on a Child Action........................................................................................498

Capturing a Child Action’s Output As a String....................................................................................501

Detecting Whether You’re Inside a Child Request..............................................................................501

Restricting an Action to Handle Child Requests Only.........................................................................502

Sharing Page Layouts Using Master Pages ................................................................ 502

Using Widgets in MVC View Master Pages.........................................................................................503

Implementing a Custom View Engine ......................................................................... 505

A View Engine That Renders XML Using XSLT ...................................................................................505

Using Alternative View Engines .................................................................................. 510

Using the NVelocity View Engine .......................................................................................................511

Using the Brail View Engine ...............................................................................................................512

Using the NHaml View Engine............................................................................................................513

Using the Spark View Engine .............................................................................................................514

Summary..................................................................................................................... 515

■Chapter 14: Ajax and Client Scripting ...............................................................517

Why You Should Use a JavaScript Toolkit................................................................... 517

■ CONTENTS

xvi

ASP.NET MVC’s Ajax Helpers ...................................................................................... 518

Fetching Page Content Asynchronously Using Ajax.ActionLink .........................................................519

Submitting Forms Asynchronously Using Ajax.BeginForm ................................................................525

Invoking JavaScript Commands from an Action Method ...................................................................526

Reviewing ASP.NET MVC’s Ajax Helpers............................................................................................528

Using jQuery with ASP.NET MVC................................................................................. 529

Referencing jQuery ............................................................................................................................530

Basic jQuery Theory ...........................................................................................................................532

Adding Client-Side Interactivity to an MVC View................................................................................537

Ajax-Enabling Links and Forms .........................................................................................................542

Client/Server Data Transfer with JSON..............................................................................................548

Performing Cross-Domain JSON Requests Using JSONP ..................................................................552

Fetching XML Data Using jQuery........................................................................................................554

Animations and Other Graphical Effects ............................................................................................555

jQuery UI’s Prebuilt UI Widgets ..........................................................................................................556

Summarizing jQuery...........................................................................................................................558

Summary..................................................................................................................... 559

Part 3: Delivering Successful ASP.NET MVC 2 Projects .......................................561

■Chapter 15: Security and Vulnerability .............................................................563

All Input Can Be Forged .............................................................................................. 563

Forging HTTP Requests......................................................................................................................565

Cross-Site Scripting and HTML Injection .................................................................... 567

Example XSS Vulnerability .................................................................................................................568

ASP.NET’s Request Validation Feature...............................................................................................569

Filtering HTML Using the HTML Agility Pack......................................................................................572

JavaScript String Encoding and XSS .................................................................................................574

Session Hijacking........................................................................................................ 575

Defense via Client IP Address Checks................................................................................................576

Defense by Setting the HttpOnly Flag on Cookies..............................................................................576

Cross-Site Request Forgery ........................................................................................ 577

■ CONTENTS

xvii

Attack.................................................................................................................................................577



Defense..............................................................................................................................................578

Preventing CSRF Using the Anti-Forgery Helpers ..............................................................................578

SQL Injection............................................................................................................... 580

Attack.................................................................................................................................................581

Defense by Encoding Inputs...............................................................................................................581

Defense Using Parameterized Queries...............................................................................................581

Defense Using Object-Relational Mapping.........................................................................................582

Using the MVC Framework Securely........................................................................... 582

Don’t Expose Action Methods Accidentally........................................................................................582

Don’t Allow Model Binding to Change Sensitive Properties...............................................................583

Summary..................................................................................................................... 583

■Chapter 16: Deployment....................................................................................585

Server Requirements .................................................................................................. 585

Requirements for Shared Hosting......................................................................................................586

Building Your Application for Production Use ............................................................. 586

Controlling Dynamic Page Compilation..............................................................................................586

Detecting Compiler Errors in Views Before Deployment....................................................................587

IIS Basics .................................................................................................................... 588

Understanding Web Sites and Virtual Directories ..............................................................................589

Binding Web Sites to Hostnames, IP Addresses, and Ports ...............................................................590

Deploying Your Application ......................................................................................... 590

Manually Copying Application Files to the Server..............................................................................590

Bin-Deploying ASP.NET MVC 2...........................................................................................................591

Deploying to IIS 6 on Windows Server 2003 ......................................................................................593

Deploying to IIS 7.x on Windows Server 2008/2008 R2.....................................................................602

Deploying to IIS 7.5 on Windows Server 2008 R2 Core......................................................................609

Automating Deployments with WebDeploy and Visual Studio 2010 ........................... 610

Transforming Configuration Files.......................................................................................................612

Automating Online Deployments with One-Click Publishing..............................................................615

■ CONTENTS

xviii

Automating Offline Deployments with Packaging..............................................................................616



Summary..................................................................................................................... 618

■Chapter 17: ASP.NET Platform Features............................................................619

Windows Authentication ............................................................................................. 620

Preventing or Limiting Anonymous Access........................................................................................622

Forms Authentication.................................................................................................. 623

Setting Up Forms Authentication .......................................................................................................624

Using Cookieless Forms Authentication.............................................................................................627

Membership, Roles, and Profiles ................................................................................ 628

Setting Up a Membership Provider ....................................................................................................630

Using a Membership Provider with Forms Authentication.................................................................635

Creating a Custom Membership Provider ..........................................................................................636

Setting Up and Using Roles................................................................................................................637

Setting Up and Using Profiles ............................................................................................................640

URL-Based Authorization ............................................................................................ 644

Configuration .............................................................................................................. 644

Configuring Connection Strings .........................................................................................................645

Configuring Arbitrary Key/Value Pairs................................................................................................646

Defining Configuration Sections to Configure Arbitrary Data Structures ...........................................646

Data Caching............................................................................................................... 648

Reading and Writing Cache Data .......................................................................................................648

Using Advanced Cache Features........................................................................................................651

Site Maps .................................................................................................................... 652

Setting Up and Using Site Maps.........................................................................................................653

Creating a Custom Navigation Control with the Site Maps API ..........................................................654

Generating Site Map URLs from Routing Data ...................................................................................655

Internationalization ..................................................................................................... 658

Setting Up Localization ......................................................................................................................659

Tips for Working with Resource Files ................................................................................................662

Using Placeholders in Resource Strings ............................................................................................662

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