外文文献
The SCM and µVision2
一、Principle of MCU
Single-chip is an integrated on a single chip a complete computer system. Even
though most of his features in a small chip, but it has a need to complete the majority
of computer components: CPU, memory, internal and external bus system, most will
have the Core. At the same time, such as integrated communication interfaces, timers,
real-time clock and other peripheral equipment. And now the most powerful
single-chip microcomputer system can even voice, image, networking, input and
output complex system integration on a single chip.
Also known as single-chip MCU (Microcontroller), because it was first used in
the field of industrial control. Only by the single-chip CPU chip developed from the
dedicated processor. The design concept is the first by a large number of peripherals
and CPU in a single chip, the computer system so that smaller, more easily integrated
into the complex and demanding on the volume control devices. INTEL the Z80 is
one of the first design in accordance with the idea of the processor, From then on, the
MCU and the development of a dedicated processor parted ways.
Early single-chip 8-bit or all of the four. One of the most successful is INTEL's
8031, because the performance of a simple and reliable access to a lot of good praise.
Since then in 8031 to develop a single-chip microcomputer system MCS51 series.
Based on single-chip microcomputer system of the system is still widely used until
now. As the field of industrial control requirements increase in the beginning of a
16-bit single-chip, but not ideal because the price has not been very widely used.
After the 90's with the big consumer electronics product development, single-chip
technology is a huge improvement. INTEL i960 Series with subsequent ARM in
particular, a broad range of applications, quickly replaced by 32-bit single-chip 16-bit
single-chip high-end status, and enter the mainstream market. Traditional 8-bit
single-chip performance has been the rapid increase in processing power compared to
the 80's to raise a few hundred times. At present, the high-end 32-bit single-chip
frequency over 300MHz, the performance of the mid-90's close on the heels of a
special processor, while the ordinary price of the model dropped to one U.S. dollars,
the most high-end models, only 10 U.S. dollars. Contemporary single-chip
microcomputer system is no longer only the bare-metal environment in the
development and use of a large number of dedicated embedded operating system is
widely used in the full range of single-chip microcomputer. In PDAs and cell phones
as the core processing of high-end single-chip or even a dedicated direct access to
Windows and Linux operating systems.
More than a dedicated single-chip processor suitable for embedded systems, so it
was up to the application. In fact the number of single-chip is the world's largest
computer. Modern human life used in almost every piece of electronic and
mechanical products will have a single-chip integration. Phone, telephone, calculator,
home appliances, electronic toys, handheld computers and computer accessories such
as a mouse in the Department are equipped with 1-2 single chip. And personal
computers also have a large number of single-chip microcomputer in the workplace.
Vehicles equipped with more than 40 Department of the general single-chip, complex
industrial control systems and even single-chip may have hundreds of work at the
same time! SCM is not only far exceeds the number of PC and other integrated