传感器网络操作：WSN技术详解

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"SENSOR NETWORK OPERATIONS" 本书《SENSOR NETWORK OPERATIONS》是关于无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks，简称WSN）的一本权威著作，由Shashi Phoha、Thomas LaPorta和Christopher Griffin三位专家主编。IEEE Press是全球知名的科技出版机构，这本书的出版商，表明了其在信息技术和电子工程领域的专业性。无线传感器网络是一种由大量微型传感器节点组成，通过无线通信方式互相连接的自组织网络。这些传感器节点能够感知环境参数，如温度、湿度、声音、光照等，并将收集到的数据进行处理和传输。本书深入探讨了WSN的运营和管理，包括网络设计、部署、数据处理、通信协议、能效管理以及安全与隐私问题等多个方面。 WSN的主要知识点包括： 1. **网络架构**：WSN通常由三个主要部分构成：传感器节点、汇聚节点（用于聚合数据并转发至主站）和主站（收集并分析数据）。网络可能采用层次化、平面或混合结构。 2. **传感器节点**：这些小型设备包含传感器、微处理器、存储器和无线通信模块。它们必须在低功耗和有限资源的条件下运行。 3. **数据融合与处理**：由于传感器节点可能报告相似或重复数据，WSN需要有效的方法来融合和过滤数据，减少通信开销和存储需求。 4. **路由协议**：WSN的通信效率依赖于优化的路由策略，如能量效率路由、基于地理位置的路由和多跳路由等。 5. **能源管理**：WSN节点往往依靠电池供电，因此节能算法和能量采集技术是研究重点。 6. **安全性**：WSN面临各种安全威胁，如节点篡改、数据伪造和网络监听等，需要设计安全协议和机制来保护网络。 7. **部署与定位**：WSN的部署策略会影响其性能，而节点定位技术则对网络覆盖和通信质量至关重要。 8. **自组织与自愈能力**：WSN具有自我配置、自我修复的能力，能够在网络节点失效或移动时保持网络连通性。 9. **应用领域**：WSN广泛应用于环境监测、军事侦察、健康监护、工业自动化等多个领域。《SENSOR NETWORK OPERATIONS》全面覆盖了无线传感器网络的关键技术和挑战，是该领域研究人员、工程师和学生的重要参考资料。通过深入学习，读者可以掌握WSN的基本原理和实际操作，进一步推动这一技术的发展和应用。

PREFACE

In recent years, interest in sensor networks has evolved from a subject solely of research

to one of deployed systems. As new applications have arisen that use sensor networks, the

demands on these networks have grown. One of the main challenges with these networks is

how to manage missions from application requirements to network operation. By their na-

ture, most sensor networks are mission speciﬁc. They therefore place speciﬁc requirements

on network systems that in turn dictate the use of certain algorithms.

In this book we present the state-of-the art on methods for sensor network operations. This

includes algorithms for conﬁguring networks to meet mission requirements and applications

in the real world.

FOCUS

The focus of this book is on sensor network operations, starting from translating mission

speciﬁcations into operational algorithms and applications. The technologies presented are

general in terms of the types of transducers and data being gathered.

INTENDED AUDIENCE

This book is intended for researchers and practitioners interested in any aspect of sensor

network operations. For researchers, this book serves as a starting point into research in

areas such as algorithms for sensor placement, power management, routing, or applications

of sensor networks. It may serve as a comprehensive tutorial or be used as the basis for

new research projects. For practitioners, this book contains many algorithms, protocols, and

experiments that will prove useful in the design and deployment of mission-speciﬁc sensor

networks.

ORGANIZATION

This book is organized into three parts. The ﬁrst part provides the motivation and overview

of the book and gives a background on sensor platforms and mission-oriented sensor net-

works. The second part of the book is arranged into seven chapters and presents many

xiii

xvi CONTRIBUTORS

Roberto Di Pietro, Universit`a, di Roma, Dipartimento di Informatica, Roma, Italy

Tassos Dimitriou, Athens Information Technology, Athens, Greece

Cem Ersoy, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey

Mohamed Gouda, University of Texas at Austin, Computer Sciences, Austin, Texas

Stanley Grant, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information

Technology, La Jolla, California

Eric Grele, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania

Christopher Grifﬁn, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania

Bechir Hamdaoui, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin

Sharif Hamid, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Computer and Electronics Engineering,

Omaha, Nebraska

Kristin Herlugson, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington

Anh Tuan Hoang, National University of Singapore, Electrical & Computer Engineering,

Singapore

Alireza Hodjat, UCLA, Electrical Engineering, Los Angeles, California

Fei Hu, Rochester Institute of Technology, Computer Engineering Department, Rochester,

New York

Tzonelih Hwang, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Computer Science and

Information Engineering, Tainan, Taiwan

S. S. Iyengar, Louisiana State University, Computer Science Department, Baton Rouge,

Louisiana

Ekta Jain, University of Texas at Arlington, Electrical Engineering, Arlington, Texas

Xiang Ji, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Computer Science and Engineer-

ing, Universtiy Park, Pennsylvania

Holger Junker, Wearable Computing Lab, EE, Zurich, Switzerland

Raja Jurdak, University of California, Irvine, Information and Computer Science, Irvine,

California

G. Kesidis, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania

John Koch, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania

Ioannis Krontiris, Athens Information Technology, Athens, Greece

Sandeep Kulkarni, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan

Thomas LaPorta, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania

Bennett Lau, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana

Ha V. Le, Vientnam National University, Computer Science Department, Hanoi, Vietnam

Duke Lee, UC Berkeley, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Berkeley,

California

Myung J. Lee, City College of New York, Electrical Engineering, New York, New

York

CONTRIBUTORS xvii

Tian-Fu Lee, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Computer Science and

Information Engineering, Tainan, Taiwan

Zhiyuan Li, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana

Jie Lian, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

Qilian Liang, University of Texas at Arlington, Electrical Engineering, Arlington, Texas

R. Logananthraj, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Center for Advanced Computer

Studies, Lafayette, Louisiana

Cristina Videira Lopes, University of California, Irvine, Chemical Engineering and

Materials Science, Irvine, California

Yung-Hsiang Lu, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana

Stefan Lucks, NEC Europe Ltd., Network Laboratories, Heidelberg, Germany and

Mannheim University, Computer Science, Mannheim, Germany

Paul Lukowicz, Electronics Laboratory, EE, Zurich, Switzerland

Bharat Madan, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania

Nipoon Malhotra, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana

Luigi V. Mancini, University of Rome, Department of Information, Rome, Italy

Carter May, Rochester Institute of Technology, Computer Engineering Department,

Rochester, New York

Alessandro Mei, University of Rome, Department of Information, Rome, Italy

Mehul Motani, Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore

Amit U. Nadgar, Pennsylvania State University, Mechanical Engineering, State College,

Pennsylvania

Kshirasagar Naik, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

Prashant Nair, Arizona State University, Computer Science and Engineering, Tempe,

Arizona

Fotios Nikakis, Athens Information Technology, Athens, Greece

Krishna Nuli, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Computer and Electronics Engineering,

Omaha, Nebraska

Ertan Onur, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey

Suat Ozdemir, Arizona State University, Computer Science and Engineering, Tempe,

Arizona

Symeon Papavassiliou, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Electrical and Computer

Engineering, Newark, New Jersey

Shashi Phoha, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania

Vir V. Phoha, Louisiana Tech University, Computer Science, Ruston, Louisiana

Raviraj Prasad, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Computer and Electronics Engineer-

ing, Omaha, Nebraska

Hairong Qi, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee

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