第 27 卷 第 6 期 广 东 电 力 Vol.27 No.6
2014 年 6 月 GUANGDONG ELECTRIC POWER Jun. 2014
doi 10.3969j.issn.1007-290X.2014.06.000
变压器噪声数字化分析及快速预警终端的研发
李伟胜
1
,
胥布工
1
,
汤玉峰
2
(
1.
华南理工大学
基于互联网和现场总线实时控制实验室,广东
广州
510641
;
2.
广州普瑞电力控制系统设备有限公司,
广东
广州
510520
)
摘要:介绍了一种基于噪声数字化分析能快速预警变压器潜伏性故障的终端的具体设计。首先,分析了变压器
的各种物理量,选择比温度和气体传感器具有更快物理响应特性的声音传感器,以及 Delta-Sigma 技术的采样
芯片来设计硬件;其次,应用数字信号处理技术设计测量分析算法,其中,使用无限脉冲响应(infinite impulse
response,IIR)数字滤波器算法计算 Z、C、A 频率计权的连续等效声压级,使用实序列快速傅氏变换(fast Fourier
transformation,FFT)算法分析噪声频谱。对噪声信号模型进行仿真,并使用实验设备进行调试,仿真与实验
结果证明该终端具有较高的测量精度,能达到快速预警变压器异常工作状态,适合于智能电网变压器噪声实时
监测与保护的场合。
关键词:智能电网;变压器噪声;数字信号处理技术;声音传感器;Delta-Sigma 技术
中图分类号:TM406 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1007-290X(2014)06-00
Development of Noise Digital Analyzing and Rapid Forewarning Terminal for
Transformers
LI Weisheng
1
, XU Bugong
1
, TANG Yufeng
2
(1. South China University of Technology,the Lab. of Real-time Control Through Internet and Fieldbuses,Guangzhou 510641,
China; 2. GDEPRI Power Control Systems & Equipment Ltd., Guangzhou 510520, China)
Abstract: This paper introduces detailed design of one terminal which can forewarning the possible latent hitches of transformers
rapidly based on noise digital analyzing. Firstly, various physical parameters of transformer are analyzed, sound sensors which
have faster physical responsing characteristics than temperature and gas sensors, and sampling chips of using Delta-Sigma
technology are chosen to design hardwares. Secondly, measurment analysis algorithms are designed by using digital signal
processing technology, thereinto, IIR digital filter algorithm is used to calculate equivalent continuous sound pressure levels of Z
and C and A frequency weighting, real fast Fourier transform algorithm is used to analyze noise spectrums. Noise signal models
are simulated, and are tested by using experimental equipments. The results of simulation and experimentation show that the
terminal has a higher measurement precision, and can forewarning the abnormal working states of transformers rapidly, and is fit
for noise real-time monitoring and protecting situations for smart gird transformers perfectly.
Key words: smart grid; transformer noise; digital signal processing technology; sound sensor; Delta-Sigma technology
智能电网成为了现代化电网建设的热门,而变 压器是电力系统输变电运行中的重要组成部分,其
运行是否正常直接影响着电能的质量水平,对变压
器进行监控与保护显得尤为重要。目前,监控变压
器的方法有多种,如气体传感器的监测系统
[1-2]
,温
度传感器的监测系统
[3]
,以及振动传感器的监测系
收稿日期:2014-02-08
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(61174070);广东省省部产学研结合项
目(2011B090400566)