APPC安装与配置：Oracle 11g数据库gateway for Microsoft Windows指南

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Oracle Database Gateway for APPC安装与配置指南（11g Release 2，11.2）适用于Microsoft Windows，是Oracle公司针对其数据库与APPC（Application Program Control）应用程序间集成提供的重要文档。本指南于2010年2月发布，版权归属Oracle及其关联公司，所有权利保留。该指南由Maitreyee Chaliha为主要作者，同时得到了Vira Goorah、Govind Lakkoju、Peter Wong、Juan Pablo Ahues-Vasquez、Peter Castro以及Charles Benet等人的贡献。Oracle Database Gateway是一个关键组件，它允许在Oracle数据库系统与APPC应用程序之间建立可靠的数据传输通道，支持异构环境下的数据交换，确保了应用程序能够访问Oracle数据库中的数据，并可能处理事务性操作。安装和配置过程中，本指南详细阐述了以下几个主要方面： 1. **软件许可**：用户需要遵循协议中的限制，明确了解使用和披露权限，禁止未经授权的复制、修改、分发或展示软件的任何部分，除非在许可证协议中有所规定或者法律允许。 2. **技术细节**：涉及软件的安装步骤、配置过程，包括设置环境变量、网络配置、数据源连接参数等。这还包括如何设置安全策略，如用户认证、授权和加密，以保护数据的完整性和隐私。 3. **兼容性与适配**：指南解释了如何确保Oracle Database Gateway与特定版本的APPC应用程序兼容，以及如何处理可能出现的互操作性问题。 4. **性能优化**：提供了优化性能的建议，如调整连接池大小、查询优化策略等，以提高系统的响应速度和效率。 5. **错误排查与故障解决**：指南还包含常见问题的解决方案和故障排除步骤，帮助用户快速定位和解决问题。 6. **版本更新与维护**：由于信息可能随时变更，用户需要关注最新的补丁和更新，以确保系统始终处于最佳状态。 7. **法规遵从**：强调了数据库_gateway在符合各种法规要求，如GDPR（通用数据保护条例）等方面的合规措施。 Oracle Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Microsoft Windows是一份实用且重要的文档，对于企业级开发者和IT管理员来说，它提供了在异构环境中实现Oracle数据库与APPC应用程序无缝集成的宝贵指导。通过阅读和遵循此指南，用户可以有效地管理数据流，提升应用性能，并确保数据安全。

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1-4 Oracle Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration Guide

PGAU

Procedural Gateway Administration Utility (PGAU) is the tool that is used to define

and generate PL/SQL Transaction Interface Packages (TIPs.) Refer to Chapter 2,

"Procedural Gateway Administration Utility" in the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC

User's Guide for more information about PGAU.

PG DD

Procedural Gateway Data Dictionary (PG DD) is a repository of remote host

transaction (RHT) definitions and data definitions. PGAU accesses definitions in the

Data Dictionary (PG DD) when generating TIPs. The PG DD has datatype

dependencies because it supports the PGAU and is not intended to be directly

accessed by the customer. Refer to Appendix A, "Database Gateway for APPC Data

Dictionary" in the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC User's Guide for a list of PG DD

tables.

RPC

Remote Procedural Call (RPC) is a programming call that executes program logic on

one system in response to a request from another system. Refer to "Gateway Term

Definitions" on page C-1 for more information, and refer to Appendix C, "Gateway

RPC Interface" in the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC User's Guide as well.

RTP

A remote transaction program (RTP) is a customer-written transaction, running under

the control of an OLTP, which the user invokes remotely using a PL/SQL procedure.

To execute a RTP through the gateway, you must use RPC to execute a PL/SQL

program to call the gateway functions.

TIP

A Transaction Interface Package (TIP) is an Oracle PL/SQL package that exists

between your application and the remote transaction program. TIP is a set of PL/SQL

stored procedures that invoke the remote transaction program through the gateway.

TIPs perform the conversion and reformatting of remote host data using PL/SQL and

UTL_RAW or UTL_PG functions.

Figure 1–1, "Relationship of Gateway and Oracle Database on Windows" illustrates

where the terminology discussed in the preceding sections apply within the gateway’s

architecture.

Remote Procedural Call Functions

Introduction to Oracle Database Gateway for APPC 1-7

■ handles all datatype conversions between PL/SQL datatypes and the target

program datatypes.

The PGAU, provided with the gateway, automatically generates the TIP specification.

The gateway is identified to the Oracle database using a database link. The database

link is the same construct used to identify other Oracle databases. The functions in the

gateway are referenced in PL/SQL as:

function_name@dblink_name

Remote Procedural Call Functions

The Oracle Database Gateway for APPC provides a set of functions that are invoked

by the client through remote procedural call (RPC). These functions direct the gateway

to initiate, transfer data with, and terminate RTPs running under an OLTP on another

system.

Table 1–1 lists the RPC functions and the correlating commands that are invoked in the

gateway and remote host.

Description of RPC Functions

The following sections describe how the RPC functions perform on gateways using

SNA or TCP/IP communication protocols.

Remote Transaction Initiation

The TIP initiates a connection to the remote host system, using one of the gateway

functions, PGAINIT.

When the communication protocol is SNA: PGAINIT provides, as input, the required

SNA parameters to start a conversation with the target transaction program. These

parameters are sent across the SNA network, which returns a conversation identifier to

PGAINIT. Any future calls to the target program use the conversation identifier as an

INPUT parameter.

When the communication protocol is TCP/IP: PGAINIT provides, as input, the

required TCP/IP parameters. Use the pg4tcpmap tool to map the parameters. These

parameters are sent across the TCP/IP network to start the conversation with the

target transaction program, the TCP/IP network returns a socket file descriptor to

PGAINIT. Future calls to the target program made by PGAXFER and PGATERM use the

socket file descriptor as an input parameter.

Table 1–1 RPC Functions and Commands in the Gateway and Remote Host

Applications Oracle TIP Gateway Remote Host

call tip_init tip_init

call

pgainit@gateway

PGAINIT Initiate program

call tip_main tip_main

call

pgaxfer@gateway

PGAXFER Exchange data

call tip_term tip_term

call

pgaterm@gateway

PGATERM Terminate program

Transaction Types for Gateway Using SNA

1-8 Oracle Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration Guide

Refer to Appendix B, "Gateway Initialization Parameters for TCP/IP Communication

Protocol" in this guide, and to Chapter 6 in the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC User's

Guide, for more information about the function and use of the pg4tcpmap tool.

Data Exchange

After the conversation is established, a database gateway function called PGAXFER can

exchange data in the form of input and output variables. PGAXFER sends and receives

buffers to and from the target transaction program. The gateway sees a buffer as only a

RAW stream of bytes. The TIP that is residing in the Oracle database is responsible for

converting the application’s PL/SQL datatypes to RAW before sending the buffer to

the gateway. It is also responsible for converting RAW to the PL/SQL datatypes before

returning the results to the application.

Remote Transaction Termination

When communication with the remote program is complete, the gateway function

PGATERM terminates the conversation between the gateway and the remote host.

When the communication protocol is SNA:, PGATERM uses the conversation identifier

as an INPUT parameter to request conversation termination.

When the communication protocol is TCP/IP:, PGATERM uses the socket file

descriptor for TCP/IP as an INPUT parameter to request conversation termination.

Transaction Types for Gateway Using SNA

The Oracle Database Gateway for APPC supports three types of transactions that read

data from and write data to remote host systems:

■ one-shot

In a one-shot transaction, the application initializes the connection, exchanges

data, and terminates the connection, all in a single call.

■ persistent

In a persistent transaction, multiple calls to exchange data with the remote

transaction can be executed before terminating the conversation.

■ multiconversational

In a multiconversation transaction, the database gateway server can be used to

exchange multiple records in one call to the RTP.

Refer to "Remote Host Transaction Types" in Chapter 4, "Client Application

Development" of the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC User's Guide for more

information about transaction types.

The following list demonstrates the power of the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC:

■ You can initiate a CICS transaction on the mainframe to retrieve data from a

VSAM file for a PC application.

■ You can modify and monitor the operation of a remote process control computer.

■ You can initiate an IMS/TM transaction that executes static SQL in DB2.

■ You can initiate a CICS transaction that returns a large number of records in a

single call.

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