专家指南:Oracle数据库架构(第2版)

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"Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.2nd.Edition.pdf" 《Expert Oracle Database Architecture》第二版是由著名Oracle专家Thomas Kyte编写的,这本书深入探讨了Oracle数据库9i、10g和11g的编程技术和解决方案。本书的前言由Jonathan Lewis和Oracle公司的服务器技术产品策略副总裁Ken Jacobs(也被称作“Dr.DBA”)撰写,他们对本书给予了高度评价。 Ken Jacobs在赞誉中指出,这本书将帮助读者充分利用Oracle技术,并强调了模仿Tom的理性方法和以实例证明需求的重要性,这将使读者成为更好的技术思考者。他还认为这是每位Oracle专业人士不可或缺的重要书籍之一。Sean Hull,来自Heavyweight Internet Group的评论家也表示,这本书充满了关于Oracle技术的深度见解。 本书的主要内容涵盖了Oracle数据库架构的各个方面,包括但不限于以下几个关键知识点: 1. **数据库体系结构**:讲解Oracle数据库的核心组件,如数据块、表空间、段、区和回滚段等,以及它们如何协同工作以支持事务处理和数据存储。 2. **性能优化**:涵盖SQL查询优化,包括索引策略、执行计划分析、表和索引的物理设计,以及如何利用数据库内置的性能监控工具进行问题诊断。 3. **并发控制**:介绍Oracle的多用户环境下的并发控制机制,如行级锁定、多版本并发控制(MVCC)和死锁检测。 4. **备份与恢复**:阐述Oracle的备份策略,包括完整备份、增量备份和逻辑备份,以及如何利用RMAN(恢复管理器)进行高效的数据恢复。 5. **高可用性与容错**:讨论Oracle的高可用性解决方案,如RAC(实时应用集群)、Data Guard和GoldenGate,以及故障切换和灾难恢复策略。 6. **存储与I/O优化**:分析存储层次结构,如何优化I/O路径,以及如何通过调整参数来提高读写性能。 7. **程序开发与调优**:涵盖PL/SQL编程,游标管理,存储过程和触发器的最佳实践,以及如何对PL/SQL代码进行性能调优。 8. **数据库安全**:讲解用户管理和权限控制,包括角色、权限、审计和加密技术。 9. **数据库升级与迁移**:介绍不同Oracle版本之间的升级过程,以及数据迁移的方法和策略。 10. **Oracle新特性**:详细介绍9i、10g和11g版本中的新特性和增强功能,如Automatic Storage Management(ASM)、Real Application Clusters(RAC)和Advanced Compression等。 通过深入学习这些内容,读者不仅可以理解Oracle数据库的工作原理,还能掌握解决实际问题的技巧和策略,从而成为更高效的Oracle数据库管理员或开发者。
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I first met the Oracle RDBMS some time in 1988, or possibly 1987, when my manager dumped a small box on my desk and said something like: “There’s this new product called Oracle just coming into the country. Play around with it for a few weeks and then tell us what it’s good for.” The version was something like 5.0.22, and in those days it was a lot easier getting started with Oracle. The entire printed manual set—including Forms 2.0, SQL*Report, and everything else—would fit into a small briefcase and the documentation for the create table statement ran to about three pages. If you check the PDF file for the 11.2 SQL reference manual, you’ll find that create table currently starts at page 16-6 and runs on to page 16-79 for a total of 74 pages. The last time I checked the total page count was for 9i, and that was more than 20,000 pages—and I doubt if the number has dropped in 10g and 11g. With three (fairly slim) manuals for 5.0.22, it didn’t take me very long to learn about everything that Oracle was supposed to do and how to do it efficiently. There weren’t many options, so there weren’t many ways to do things wrong. But how do you get started today when the core of Oracle is hidden under a huge mass of options and features? Worse, the details you really need to understand are covered by a mountain of information that is nice to have, but not critical to getting started. The answer is simple. Step 1: Read the concepts manual so you have an idea of what it’s all about. Step 2: Read Tom Kyte’s book so that you can follow a rational progression of learning and experimenting that leads you from your first “select ‘hello world’ from dual” to the day when you can confidently say things like “we should use a range partitioned IOT with these columns in the overflow for this table because … .” Tom combines three things in this book: a conversational style that makes it easier to read about technical details and understand the “why” behind the “how”; a structured “storyline” so that you see the text building towards a target rather than scattering a disjointed collection of random tips; and an array of carefully constructed demonstrations that teach you how things work and how you should work and think. Consider just one example, indexing. There are many types of indexes, so we need a brief introduction to separate the different types. It’s good to have an idea of how B-tree indexes (for example) actually work so that we can understand their strengths and weaknesses. Then we can move on to the idea of function-based indexes—indexes on “data that don’t really exist.” This gets us to the point of understanding what Oracle can do, but we can (and do) go further with what we can do with Oracle. So we see how we can put the pieces together to create an index that guarantees uniqueness across subsets of the data, we see how we can—on a huge data set—create a tiny, low-maintenance index that identifies exactly the data that we really want to access and minimizes the risk of the optimizer producing a silly execution plan. In principle, it’s all in the manuals, but only if we have the insight to take the naked descriptions of the available commands and see how we can use them to construct solutions to real problems. Tom Kyte supplies that insight, and then encourages you to go further in developing your own insights. Frankly, if every DBA and developer in the world were made to work carefully through Tom Kyte’s book, I’d probably have to start offering consultancy services to SQL Server users because the number of clients needing Oracle consultancy would drop dramatically.
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Expert Oracle Database Architecture: Oracle Database Programming 9i, 10g, and 11g Techniques and Solutions, Second Edition Now in its second edition, this best-selling book by Tom Kyte of Ask Tom fame continues to bring you some of the best thinking on how to apply Oracle Database to produce scalable applications that perform well and deliver correct results. Tom has a simple philosophy: you can treat Oracle as a black box and just stick data into it or you can understand how it works and exploit it as a powerful computing environment. If you choose the latter, then you’ll find that there are few information management problems that you cannot solve quickly and elegantly. This fully revised second edition covers the latest developments in Oracle Database 11g. Each feature is taught in a proof-by-example manner, not only discussing what it is, but also how it works, how to implement software using it, and the common pitfalls associated with it. Don’t treat Oracle Database as a black-box. Get this book. Get under the hood. Turbo-charge your career. * Fully-revised to cover Oracle Database 11g * Proof-by-example approach: Let the evidence be your guide * Dives deeply into Oracle Databases’s most powerful features What you’ll learn * Develop an evidence-based approach to problem solving * Manage transactions in highly concurrent environments * Speed access to data through table and index design * Manage files and memory structures for performance and reliability * Scale up through partitioning and parallel processing * Load and unload data to interface with external systems * Think for yourself; don’t take Tom’s word for it! Who this book is for This book is aimed at Oracle Database administrators, at PL/SQL and Java developers writing code to be deployed inside the database, and at developers of external applications who use Oracle Database as a data store. It is the go to book for those wishing to create efficient and scalable applications. Author Information Thomas Kyte Thomas Kyte is the vice president of the Core Technologies Group at Oracle Corporation and has been with the company since version 7.0.9 was released in 1993. Kyte, however, has been working with Oracle since version 5.1.5c. At Oracle, Kyte works with the Oracle database, and more specifically, he helps clients who are using the Oracle database, and works directly with them specifying and building their systems or rebuilding and tuning them. Prior to working at Oracle, Kyte was a systems integrator who built large-scale, heterogeneous databases and applications for military and government clients. Tom Kyte is the same "Ask Tom" whose column appears in Oracle Magazine, where he answers questions about the Oracle database and tools that developers and DBAs struggle with every day.