GridWorld类与接口解析 - 2015软件工程实践

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"Part 3：GridWorld中的类与接口 - 2015年软件工程实训 - SoYa Wiki" 在GridWorld中，我们涉及到一系列的类和接口，这些是构建基于网格环境的模拟程序的基础。这个环境允许创建具有特定行为的演员（Actor），这些演员在网格上移动和交互。下面我们将详细探讨这些关键组件。首先，`Actor`类是所有在GridWorld中行动的实体的基础。每个演员都有一个位置，这个位置由`Location`类来表示。`Actor`知道它所在的网格以及当前在网格中的位置。`Actor`可以有特定的行为，例如移动、转向或者与其他`Actor`交互。 `Grid`接口定义了对网格进行操作的方法，如获取或设置某个位置的`Actor`，以及移动`Actor`等。有两个类实现了`Grid`接口：`BoundedGrid`和`UnboundedGrid`。`BoundedGrid`限制了演员在固定大小的网格内移动，而`UnboundedGrid`则允许无边界移动，理论上可以在无限的网格中移动。 `Location`类是GridWorld的核心组件之一，它封装了演员在网格中的坐标。`Location`提供了计算和比较位置之间关系的方法，比如判断两个位置是否相邻，或者根据方向（compass directions）确定相对位置。例如，一个`Location`对象可以表示演员面向的方向，比如0度代表北，45度代表东北，90度代表东，以此类推。 `Direction`是一个抽象的概念，它通过角度来表示方向。在GridWorld中，方向与 compass 方向对应，这使得演员能够根据特定的角度（如90度）旋转，从而改变其朝向。在描述中提到的两个问题： 1. 如何访问loc1的行值：访问`Location`对象loc1的行值通常会涉及调用`Location`类的一个方法，如`getRow()`，这将返回位置的行坐标。 2. t之后b的值是什么：这个问题没有提供足够的上下文来给出具体的答案。如果`t`是一个变量，而`b`是在某个操作后更新的，我们需要知道相关的代码和操作才能确定`b`的值。 GridWorld提供了一个强大的框架，用于创建复杂的模拟和游戏，通过理解和利用这些类和接口，开发者可以构建出丰富的交互式应用程序。

15/8/26 下午5:06Part 3：GridWorld Classes and Interfaces - 2015年软件程实训 - SoYa Wiki

第 3 （共 15 ）http://my.ss.sysu.edu.cn/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=443613209

Do You Know?

Set 3

Assume the following statements when answering the following questions.

1. How would you access the row value for loc1?

2. What is the value of b after the following statement is executed?

3. What is the value of loc3 after the following statement is executed?

4. What is the value of dir after the following statement is executed?

5. How does the getAdjacentLocation method know which adjacent location to return?

The Grid Interface

The interface Grid<E> specifies the methods for any grid that contains objects of the type E. Two classes, BoundedGrid<E> and

UnboundedGrid<E> implement the interface.

You can check whether a given location is within a grid with this method.

boolean isValid(Location loc)

returns true if loc is valid in this grid, false otherwise

Precondition: loc is not null

All methods in this case study have the implied precondition that their parameters are not null. The precondition is emphasized in this

method to eliminate any doubt whether null is a valid or invalid location. The null reference does not refer to any location, and you must not

pass null to the isValid method.

The following three methods allow us to put objects into a grid, remove objects from a grid, and get a reference to an object in a grid.

E put(Location loc, E obj)

puts obj at location loc in this grid and returns the object previously at that location (or null if the location was previously unoccupied)

Precondition: (1) loc is valid in this grid (2) obj is not null

E remove(Location loc)

removes the object at location loc and returns it (or null if the location is unoccupied)

Precondition: loc is valid in this grid

E get(Location loc)

returns the object at location loc (or null if the location is unoccupied)

Precondition: loc is valid in this grid

An additional method returns all occupied locations in a grid.

Location loc1 = new Location(4, 3);

Location loc2 = new Location(3, 4);

boolean b = loc1.equals(loc2);

Location loc3 = loc2.getAdjacentLocation(Location.SOUTH);

int dir = loc1.getDirectionToward(new Location(6, 5));

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GridWorld类与接口解析 - 2015软件工程实践

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