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Python初学者指南：轻松上手项目测试

Python

Testing

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"《Python测试入门指南》是一本专为初学者设计的Python编程测试教程。作者Daniel Arbuckle以简单易懂的方式引导读者深入了解如何有效地测试他们的Python项目。本书由Packt Publishing出版，版权日期为2010年1月，强调了在未经许可的情况下，任何部分内容均不得复制、存储或通过任何形式传播，除非用于学术引用。书中内容覆盖了Python测试的基础概念，包括但不限于单元测试、集成测试、测试框架（如unittest和pytest）、代码覆盖率分析以及持续集成/持续部署(CI/CD)的最佳实践。它详细介绍了如何编写可读性强、易于维护的测试代码，以及如何利用测试驱动开发(TDD)和行为驱动开发(BDD)方法提升软件质量。作者强调了在编写代码的同时进行测试的重要性，并提供了一些实用的技巧和策略，帮助读者避免常见的陷阱，如写出无效测试、测试代码冗余和忽视边界条件。此外，书中还探讨了如何处理测试中的错误和失败情况，以及如何与团队协作，确保测试的全面性和一致性。《Python测试入门指南》不仅适合初学者快速上手，也适合有一定经验的开发者巩固和扩展他们的测试知识，以便在实际项目中提高软件质量和开发效率。由于信息可能随着时间的推移有所更新，因此读者在使用时应结合最新技术和实践，以保持最佳实践的时效性。这是一本实用且富有指导意义的资源，对于Python开发者进行有效测试工作具有重要的参考价值。"

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Preface

Like any programmer, you need to be able to produce reliable code that conforms to a

specicaon, which means that you need to test your code. In this book, you'll learn how to

use techniques and Python tools that reduce the eort involved in tesng, and at the same

me make it more useful—and even fun.

You'll learn about several of Python's automated tesng tools, and you'll learn about the

philosophies and methodologies that they were designed to support, like unit tesng and

test-driven development. When you're done, you'll be able to produce thoroughly tested

code faster and more easily than ever before, and you'll be able to do it in a way that doesn't

distract you from your "real" programming.

What this book covers

Chapter 1: Tesng for Fun and Prot introduces Python test-driven development and various

tesng methods.

Chapter 2: Doctest: The Easiest Tesng Tool covers the doctest tool and teaches you how

to use it.

Chapter 3: Unit Tesng with Doctest introduces the ideas of unit tesng and test-driven

development, and applies doctest to create unit tests.

Chapter 4: Breaking Tight Coupling by using Mock Objects covers mock objects and the

Python Mocker tool.

Chapter 5: When Doctest isn't Enough: Uniest to the Rescue introduces the uniest

framework and discusses when it is preferred over doctest.

Chapter 6: Running Your Tests: Follow Your Nose introduces the Nose test runner, and

discusses project organizaon.

Preface

[ 2 ]

Chapter 7: Developing a Test-Driven Project walks through a complete test-driven

development process.

Chapter 8: Tesng Web Applicaon Frontends using Twill applies the knowledge gained from

previous chapters to web applicaons, and introduces the Twill tool.

Chapter 9: Integraon Tesng and System Tesng teaches how to build from unit tests to

tests of a complete soware system.

Chapter 10: Other Tesng Tools and Techniques introduces code coverage and connuous

integraon, and teaches how to e automated tesng into version control systems.

Appendix: Answers to Pop Quizes contains the answers to all pop quizes, chapter-wise.

What you need for this book

To use this book, you will need a working Python interpreter, preferably one of the 2.6 version

series. You'll also need a source code editor, and occasional access to the internet. You will

need to be comfortable enough using your operang system's textual interface—your DOS

prompt or command shell—to do basic directory management and to run programs.

Who this book is for

If you are a Python developer and want to write tests for your applicaons, this book will get

you started and show you the easiest way to learn tesng.

You need to have sound Python programming knowledge to follow along. An awareness of

soware tesng would be good, but no formal knowledge of tesng is expected nor do you

need to have any knowledge of the libraries discussed in the book.

Conventions

In this book, you will nd several headings appearing frequently.

To give clear instrucons of how to complete a procedure or task, we use:

Time for action – heading

1. Acon 1

2. Acon 2

3. Acon 3

Preface

[ 3 ]

Instrucons oen need some extra explanaon so that they make sense, so they are

followed with:

What just happened?

This heading explains the working of tasks or instrucons that you have just completed.

You will also nd some other learning aids in the book, including:

Pop quiz – heading

These are short mulple choice quesons intended to help you test your own understanding.

Have a go hero – heading

These set praccal challenges and give you ideas for experimenng with what you

have learned.

You will also nd a number of styles of text that disnguish between dierent kinds of

informaon. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanaon of their meaning.

Code words in text are shown as follows: "We can include other contexts through the use

of the include direcve."

A block of code is set as follows:

... if node.right is not None:

... assert isinstance(node.right, AVL)

... assert node.right.key > node.key

... right_height = node.right.height + 1

When we wish to draw your aenon to a parcular part of a code block, the relevant lines

or items are set in bold:

... if node.right is not None:

... assert isinstance(node.right, AVL)

... assert node.right.key > node.key

... right_height = node.right.height + 1

Preface

[ 4 ]

Any command-line input or output is wrien as follows:

# cp /usr/src/asterisk-addons/configs/cdr_mysql.conf.sample

/etc/asterisk/cdr_mysql.conf

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, in

menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in the text like this: "clicking the Next buon

moves you to the next screen".

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tips and tricks appear like this.

Reader feedback

Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this

book—what you liked or may have disliked. Reader feedback is important for us to develop

tles that you really get the most out of.

To send us general feedback, simply send an email to feedback@packtpub.com, and

menon the book tle via the subject of your message.

If there is a book that you need and would like to see us publish, please send us a note in the

SUGGEST A TITLE form on www.packtpub.com or email suggest@packtpub.com.

If there is a topic that you have experse in and you are interested in either wring or

contribung to a book on, see our author guide on www.packtpub.com/authors.

Customer support

Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to help you

to get the most from your purchase.

Downloading the example code for the book

Visit http://www.packtpub.com/files/code/8846_Code.zip to

directly download the example code.

The downloadable les contain instrucons on how to use them.

Preface

[ 5 ]

Errata

Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes do

happen. If you nd a mistake in one of our books—maybe a mistake in the text or the

code—we would be grateful if you would report this to us. By doing so, you can save other

readers from frustraon, and help us to improve subsequent versions of this book. If you

nd any errata, please report them by vising hp://www.packtpub.com/support, selecng

your book, clicking on the let us know link, and entering the details of your errata. Once

your errata are veried, your submission will be accepted and the errata added to any

list of exisng errata. Any exisng errata can be viewed by selecng your tle from

http://www.packtpub.com/support.

Piracy

Piracy of copyright material on the Internet is an ongoing problem across all media. At Packt,

we take the protecon of our copyright and licenses very seriously. If you come across any

illegal copies of our works, in any form, on the Internet, please provide us with the locaon

address or web site name immediately so that we can pursue a remedy.

Please contact us at copyright@packtpub.com with a link to the suspected

pirated material.

We appreciate your help in protecng our authors, and our ability to bring you

valuable content.

Questions

You can contact us at questions@packtpub.com if you are having a problem with any

aspect of the book, and we will do our best to address it.

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