LDPC码增强的TRPC-UWB系统性能分析

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Performance of Transmitted Reference Pulse Cluster

UWB Communication Systems Using LDPC Codes

Junshan Zang, Zhonghua Liang, Jinjin Liu, Peipei Li, and Xiaojun Yang

School of Information Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, P. R. China

Email: zangjunshan1990@163.com, lzhxjd@hotmail.com

Abstract— Transmitted reference pulse cluster (TRPC) struc-

ture was proposed as an improved transmitted reference (TR)

signaling for low date-rate ultra-wideband (UWB) communica-

tions. In the uncoded case, TRPC outperforms the conventional

TR and non-coherent pulse position modulation (NC-PPM)

signaling schemes. Moreover, it overcomes the implementation

problem of the long delay line inherent in the conventional

TR. Therefore, TRPC is a promising candidate for noncoherent

UWB communication systems. Accordingly, coded TRPC has

also been developed employing several forward error correction

(FEC) codes, such as Reed-Solomon and convolutional codes.

Based on these previous works, in this paper low-density parity-

check (LDPC) codes are introduced to the TRPC system and two

methods are presented to construct the parity-check matrix for

LDPC codes. We evaluate the bit error rate (BER) performance

of the two corresponding LDPC codes in the IEEE 802.15.4a

channels. Results show that both the two investigated LDPC codes

obtain signiﬁcant performance gains in terms of the BER over

the existing FEC codes used in the TRPC system.

I. INTRODUCTION

Transmitted reference (TR) signaling has attracted consid-

erable interest from both industry and academia because of

its simplicity and robust performance [1], [2]. Since it does

not need channel estimation and accurate synchronization, TR

in conjunction with autocorrelation receiver (AcR) is suit-

able for noncoherent ultra-wideband (UWB) communications.

However, in order to avoid the inter-pulse interference (IPI),

TR requires a large delay interval between reference and data

pulses [3]. Such an impractically stringent requirement for the

long wideband delay line results in a major challenge for the

implementation of TR systems [4], [5].

To avoid the long delay lines inherent in conventional TR

systems, transmitted reference pulse cluster (TRPC) structure

was proposed in [6]. TRPC signaling has a more compact and

uniform spacing for the reference and data pulses that repeats

a closely spaced pulse pair every 2𝑇

𝑑

seconds, where 𝑇

𝑑

is the

short separation between the reference pulse and the data pulse

within the pair. In the TRPC system, 𝑇

𝑑

can be as short as the

pulsewidth 𝑇

𝑝

and hence the implementation of the wideband

delay line is feasible. Although the compact cluster structure

will inevitably result in IPI, results reported in [6], [7] show

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foun-

dation of China under Grant 61271262, 61473047 and 61201233, in part by

Shaanxi provincial natural science foundation under Grant 2015JM6310, and

in part by the Special Fund for Basic Scientiﬁc Research of Central Colleges,

Chang’an University (310824152010 and 0009-2014G1241043).

that the two beneﬁts in terms of signal energy efﬁciency and

noise reduction can be achieved using TRPC structure and they

signiﬁcantly exceed the penalty caused by IPI. Moreover, the

impact of the IPI can be successfully mitigated. Therefore,

TRPC still obtains better bit error rate (BER) performance

than the conventional TR and non-coherent pulse position

modulation (NC-PPM) signaling schemes.

For low-rate UWB-based applications, such as wireless sen-

sor networks (WSNs) and low-rate wireless personal area net-

works (LR-WPANs), powerful forward error correction (FEC)

is required in the physical (PHY) layer to guarantee sufﬁcient

transmission reliability [8]. However, it is difﬁcult for most

uncoded systems to provide a desired BER performance in the

low-to-medium signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region due to the

limits on both power consumption and complexity. Although

several coding schemes are speciﬁed in the IEEE 802.15.4a

standard [9] such as system Reed-Solomon (RS) block code

[10], there still exist some codes with better performance like

nonsystematic convolutional code presented in [11].

In recent years, low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes

have been widely used in wireless communications due to

their excellent property of approaching Shannon limit [12].

Particularly, the implementation of the LDPC codes, that used

to be restricted because of the hardware limitations, has been

available in several UWB communications. For example, for

high-rate WPANs, LDPC codes have been used in multi-

band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM)

UWB systems [13]–[15]. Moreover, an LDPC decoder was

ﬁrst implemented for the WiMedia UWB standard in [16]. An

iterative data-aided pilot-assisted receiver employing LDPC

codes was also proposed in [17] to replace impractical Rake

receivers for UWB systems.

In this paper, in order to evaluate the performance of the

LDPC codes in low-rate UWB systems, the LDPC codes are

applied to the TRPC system and accordingly, two methods are

introduced to construct effective LDPC codes for the TRPC

system. By comparing the LDPC codes with other FEC codes

speciﬁed in the IEEE 802.15.4a standard [9] and those used

in [11], we show the excellent performance of LDPC codes

in the TRPC system.

The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Section

II describes the system models for the coded TRPC. Section

III introduces two LDPC coding schemes with different parity-

check matrix, and the LDPC decoding procedure for the coded

2015 IEEE 26th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - (PIMRC): Fundamentals

and PHY

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