可控策略：(100)优势籽层引导的微纳级菊花状Al掺杂ZnO超疏水薄膜

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本研究论文发表在《科学报告》上，题为"Micro/Nano hierarchical peony-like Al doped ZnO superhydrophobic film: The guiding effect of (100) preferred seed layer"。作者Yang Li等人提出了一种创新且可调控的方法，用于制备具有超疏水性能的微/纳米级多级结构的铝掺杂氧化锌(AZO)薄膜。这种薄膜的独特之处在于其具有出色的水接触角(CA)，高达170±4度，这使得它在工业应用中展现出极大的潜力。研究策略分为两步：首先，采用原子层沉积(ALD)技术进行逐层生长，形成以(100)面为主的纳米级"稻米状"AZO种子层，其水接触角约为110±4度。这个特殊的种子层为后续的生长过程提供了导向作用。接着，通过后续的水热处理方法，种子层表面进一步发展出微花牡丹般的AZO层，形成了微/纳米级的复合结构。论文重点探讨了这种多级结构AZO层的生长机制以及其超疏水性质。AZO的微/纳米复合结构使得材料表面具有极低的水浸润性，这对于防止污渍、提高清洁效果以及降低液体在表面的停留时间等方面具有显著优势。研究人员认为，通过这种方法制备的超疏水AZO材料，对于实际超级疏水材料的设计和开发具有重要的指导意义。这项工作不仅展示了新型材料的制备技术，还为未来的功能材料设计提供了新的思路，特别是在追求高性能、易于清洗和防污的表面特性方面。该研究不仅推动了纳米科技在表面工程领域的进展，也为开发具有实用价值的超级疏水材料奠定了坚实的基础。

Scientific RepoRts | 6:19187 | DOI: 10.1038/srep19187

www.nature.com/scientificreports

Micro/Nano hierarchical peony-like

Al doped ZnO superhydrophobic

lm: The guiding eect of (100)

preferred seed layer

Yang Li

1,*

, Jingfeng Wang

1,*

, Yi Kong

, Jia Zhou

, Jinzhu Wu

, Gang Wang

, Hai Bi

Xiaohong Wu

, Wei Qin

& Qingkun Li

In this communication, we present a versatile and controllable strategy for formation of

superhydrophobic micro/nano hierarchical Al doped ZnO (AZO) lms with a water contact angle (CA) of

170 ± 4°. This strategy involves a two-step layer-by-layer process employing an atomic layer deposition

(ALD) technique followed by a hydrothermal method, and the resulting novel AZO surface layer consists

of (100) dominant nano-rice-like AZO seed layer (the water CA of 110 ± 4°) covered with micro-peony-

like AZO top. The growth mechanisms and superhydrophobic properties of the hierarchical AZO layer

are discussed. It is believed that the present route holds promise for future success in the design and

development of practical superhydrophobic materials.

Superhydrophobic materials and coatings with water contact angle larger than 150° have been extensively investi-

gated due to their wide applications from housewares to industrial products

1,2

. For instance, solar cell panels, gog-

gles and windows for photoelectronic devices generally demand their surfaces with properties of self-cleaning,

anti-fog and superhydrophobicity

. e key points of superhydrophobic states include the surface energy of the

chemical composition and the geometrical rough structure of solid surfaces

. Owing to the lower surface energy,

the organic peruorinated materials turn into the most common hydrophobic material, however those organic

coatings are costly and unstable for the application. erefore, increasing attentions are drawn on some inorganic

materials with specic hierarchical rough surfaces

5,6

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) materials have attracted considerable attentions owing to their unique optical and

electrical properties, such as wide band gap and high exciton binding energy

7–9

. AZO lm can provide valence

ions and higher carrier mobility, making it a desirable candidate for various photovoltaic and solar cell applica-

tions

10,11

. erefore, the superhydrophobic AZO intelligent materials are potential and promising in the photo-

electric elds.

To fabricate the required superhydrophobic surface roughness of AZO lm, various methods have been pro-

posed in literatures. A two-step layer-by-layer approach were adopted in several research groups

12,13

. AZO seed

layer was deposited on a substance by solution method, sol–gel method, magnetron sputtering methods and

others, which can lower the activation barrier for the following nucleation and enhance the lm adhesive force

with top layer. Micro-nano AZO structures were fabricated subsequently using the hydrothermal method, plasma

etching, and vapor deposition on the seed layer

14,15

. It is worth fabricating the special and micro/nano hierarchical

AZO structure surface, by enhancing the surface roughness, so that superhydrophobic AZO lms materials can

be achieved, without involving the peruorinated material.

In most research works, the surface of ZnO micro-nanorods arrays grown based on (002) preferred seed layer

is still hydrophilic, and thus the uorination method needs to be used for formation of the superhydrophobic sur-

face texture

. In contrast, other orientation dominant seed layer tends to induce more complex micro nanostruc-

ture for superhydrophobic surface

. In this case, the seed layer obviously plays a subtle guiding role in controlling

Department of Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China.

School of

Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China.

Key

Laboratory of Electrical Engineering, College of Heilongjiang Province Major Laboratories of Integrated Circuits,

Heilongjiang University

These authors contributed equally to this work. Correspondence and requests for materials

should be addressed to X.W. (email: wuxiaohong@hit.edu.cn) or W.Q. (email: qinwei@hit.edu.cn)

Received: 28 June 2015

accepted: 07 December 2015

Published: 12 January 2016

OPEN

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可控策略：(100)优势籽层引导的微纳级菊花状Al掺杂ZnO超疏水薄膜

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