海参状g-MnS/碳纳米管纳米复合材料：柔性全固态超级电容器

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"这篇研究论文详述了一种简便的方法来合成海参状g-MnS/碳纳米管纳米复合材料，并将其应用于柔性全固态超级电容器。通过两步水热法制备的g-MnS@CNT混合纳米复合材料在超级电容器中表现出优异的电化学性能，具有高比电容（641.9 F/g @ 1 A/g）和出色的循环稳定性（3000次循环后保持94.6%的容量）。这些性能优于纯碳纳米管和g-MnS纳米粒子。此外，所制备的全固态超级电容器展示出显著的比电容（263.5 F/g @ 1 A/g），高电容保持率，以及在功率密度为0.5 kW/kg时高达36.6 Wh/kg的能量密度。设备在弯曲或扭曲条件下仍能保持良好的超级电容器性能。" 这篇论文的核心知识点包括： 1. 纳米复合材料：研究涉及了g-MnS（γ-硫化锰）与碳纳米管（CNTs）的复合，这种复合材料能够提升材料的电化学性能，使其适用于超级电容器的电极材料。 2. 海参状结构：g-MnS/碳纳米管纳米复合材料的特殊形状，模仿了海参的形态，这种结构可能有助于增加表面积，进而提高电容存储能力。 3. 两步水热法：这是一种合成纳米复合材料的简便方法，通过水热反应，可以在温和条件下控制材料的形貌和结构，确保材料的均匀性和一致性。 4. 超级电容器：是一种能量储存装置，其工作原理基于表面电荷存储，而不是电池的化学反应，因此具有快速充放电能力和长寿命。 5. 比电容：是衡量超级电容器性能的关键参数，表示单位质量的电容器所能存储的电荷量，论文中提到的641.9 F/g @ 1 A/g表示在特定电流密度下很高的储能能力。 6. 循环稳定性：超级电容器在多次充放电循环后的容量保持能力，94.6%的保留率表明材料具有很好的耐久性。 7. 全固态设计：全固态超级电容器采用固体电解质，提高了安全性，同时降低了泄露风险，适合于可穿戴设备和柔性电子设备。 8. 能量密度与功率密度：36.6 Wh/kg的能量密度和0.5 kW/kg的功率密度，反映了该超级电容器在快速充放电条件下的能量输出能力，对于便携式电子设备尤其重要。 9. 机械稳定性：设备即使在弯曲或扭曲的情况下仍能保持高性能，这体现了其在柔性电子应用中的潜力。这些研究成果为开发高性能、耐久且适用于柔性电子设备的超级电容器提供了新的思路和材料选择。

SupercapacitorComposites

Facile Synthesis of Holothurian-Like g-MnS/Carbon Nanotube

Nanocomposites for Flexible All-Solid-State Supercapacitors

XiaoyiHou,

[a, b]

TaoPeng,

[a, b]

Qiuhong Yu,

[a, b]

Rongjie Luo,

[a, b]

Xianming Liu,

[c]

Yingge Zhang,

[a, b]

Yange Wang,

[a, b]

YanGuo,

[a, b]

Jang-Kyo Kim,

[d]

and Yongsong Luo*

[a, b]

Abstract: The holothurian-like g-MnS/carbon nanotube

(CNT) nanocomposites are successfully fabricated through

afacile two-step hydrothermalmethod. The g-MnS@CNT

hybrid nanocomposite is an attractive electrode material for

supercapacitors as it exhibits excellent electrochemical per-

formance with ahigh specific capacitance of 641.9 Fg

and

cyclic stability of 94.6 %retention after 3000 cycles at acur-

rent density of 0.5 Ag

,which are superior to those of CNTs

and pure g-MnS nanoparticles. Furthermo re, the as-fabricat-

ed all-solid-state supercapacitor reveals remarkable specific

capacitance of 263.5 Fg

,high capacitance retention, and

ahigh energy density of 36.6 Whkg

at apower density of

0.5 kWkg

.The device maintains its supercapacitorper-

formance well, even under bending or twisting states, indi-

cating the excellent mechanical stabilityand flexibility of the

device. The impressive results demonstrate the great oppor-

tunity for practical application of this metal sulfide-based

composite in high-performance,flexible energy storagedevi-

ces and wearable electronics.

Introduction

Flexibleelectrochemical energy storage devices that can func-

tion under harsh physical deformationhave attracted increas-

ing attention fortheir promising applications in flexible and

portable electronics such as bendable displays, wearablemulti-

media computing,and artificial electronic skin.

[1–5]

Supercapaci-

tors, also knownaselectrochemical capacitors, have recently

been attracting enormousinterest owing to their distinct prop-

erties, such as long cycle life, high powerdensity,high charge–

discharge rate, simplicity,friendly and low maintenance cost

compared with secondary batteries.

[6–12]

According to the

mechanisms of the chargestorage, supercapacitors can be

categorized in two major classes:electrochemical double-layer

capacitors (EDLCs) andpseudocapacitors.

[13,14]

Graphene and

carbon nanotube (CNT) materials with high surf ace areasare

generally used to construct EDLCs, whereas metal oxides/hy-

droxides and conducting polymers come under the pseudoca-

pacitortype. The developm entofelectrode materials is essen-

tial for improving the electrochemical properties of supercapa-

citors. However,the high cost of metal oxides/hydroxides, low

cycle life of conducting polymers,and low energy density of

carbon materials greatly destroytheir actualapplication in su-

percapacitors.

[15–17]

Recently,some metal sulfides such as Ni

[18]

CuS,

[19]

[20]

[21]

and CoS

[22]

have been widely used as electrode

materials in supercapacitors owing to their highelectrical con-

ductivity.MnS is a p-type semiconductor with awide band gap

= 3.7 eV), whichhas potentialapplicationsindilute magnet-

ic semiconductors, solar cells, and lithium-ion batteries.

[23,24]

is well knownthat MnS has three different polymorphs: a-, b-,

and g-MnS. Among these,green-colored a-MnS is the stable

polymorph (alabandite) with rock-salt-type structure, b-and g-

MnS are pink metastable modifications with zinc blende and

wurtzite structures,respectively.

[25–27]

The expanded interlayer

of g-phase MnS with awurtzite structure, which increases the

kinetics of the intercalation of hydroxyl ions, will possess

ahigh electrochemical reactivity for the capacitive behavior.As

we know,several papers have reported the applicationofMnS

as an anode materialfor Li-ion batteries.

[28–30]

However,little at-

tention has been paid to utilizingMnS as an electrode material

for supercapacitors, mainly because of its low electrical con-

ductivity and poor cycling performance.

[29]

Among the various

carbon materials, CNTshave been widely used as conductive

substrates to construct miscellaneous hybrid structures owing

[a] X. Hou, Dr.T.Peng,Q.Yu, R. Luo, Y. Zhang,Y.Wang,Y.Guo, Prof. Y. Luo

SchoolofPhysics and Electronic Engineering

XinyangNormal University

Xinyang464000 (P.R. China)

E-mail:ysluo@xynu.edu.cn

[b] X. Hou, Dr.T.Peng,Q.Yu, R. Luo, Y. Zhang,Y.Wang,Y.Guo, Prof. Y. Luo

Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Functional Materials

XinyangNormal University

Xinyang464000 (P.R. China)

[c] Prof. X. Liu

College of Chemistryand Chemical Engineering

Luoyang Normal University

Luoyang 471022(P.R. China)

[d] Prof. J.-K. Kim

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Hong Kong UniversityofScience and Technology

Clear Water Bay,Kowloon, Hong Kong (P.R. China)

Supportinginformation for this article can be found under:

https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.201700109.

ChemNanoMat 2017, 3,551 –559 T 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim551

Full Paper

DOI:10.1002/cnma.201700109

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海参状g-MnS/碳纳米管纳米复合材料：柔性全固态超级电容器

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