ASP.NET 3.5编程：构建企业级Web应用的基础

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ASP.NET是一种由微软开发的高级Web应用程序框架，作为.NET平台的重要组成部分，它在第3.5版本中进一步加强了其功能。ASP.NET 3.5编程模型的核心在于其组件化、可扩展性强且易于使用的特性，旨在构建企业级的、跨浏览器和移动设备的Web应用。该编程模型的基础包括以下几个关键概念： 1. **什么是ASP.NET？** - ASP.NET不仅仅是一个编程语言，而是一个全面的Web开发平台。它是过去十年间快速迭代的Web技术的集成，每一版本都在前一版本的基础上进行了改进，以解决之前平台的不足。因此，ASP.NET 3.5是目前技术上最先进、功能丰富且强大的工具，特别适合构建分布式应用程序。 2. **ASP.NET组件模型** - 该模型的核心是组件化，使得开发者能够复用预定义的控件（如用户界面元素）和服务器控件来构建动态页面。这些组件可以方便地集成和组合，提供丰富的功能，简化开发过程。 3. **ASP.NET开发栈** - ASP.NET 3.5开发栈涵盖了多个层次，包括底层的网络通信、数据库连接、安全管理和状态管理等，这些组件共同构成了一个高效、稳定的开发环境。 4. **ASP.NET提供者模型** - 提供者模型允许开发者选择不同的数据存储方案，如SQL Server、Oracle或XML，通过自定义数据提供器来满足特定的应用需求。这种灵活性使得ASP.NET能够适应各种数据源。 5. **Web开发与Visual Studio 2008** - Visual Studio 2008作为开发工具，为ASP.NET开发者提供了直观的集成开发环境，支持创建、调试和部署ASP.NET应用程序。它集成了代码编辑、调试、设计视图等功能，大大提高了开发效率。 6. **富页面和页面组成** - 在ASP.NET中，开发者可以利用丰富的服务器控件和页面构成技术，构建交互性和性能极佳的Web界面。这包括动态内容、模板、用户控件和用户自定义控件等，以实现复杂的业务逻辑和用户体验。 ASP.NET 3.5编程模型提供了一套完整的解决方案，从底层架构到开发工具，旨在为Web开发人员创造一个高效、灵活且可扩展的平台，以应对现代Web应用的各种挑战。通过学习和掌握这个模型，开发者能够构建出高性能、跨平台的商业级应用程序。

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myAnchor.HRef = "http://www.asp.net";

}

</script>

The markup elements whose name matches an HTML element are mapped to the

corresponding HTML server control. Note that not all feasible HTML tags have

corresponding ASP.NET controls; for those that don't, a generic control is used. The

list of tags and their associated controls is hard-coded in the ASP.NET runtime.

Elements that belong to the <asp> namespace are mapped to Web server controls.

Other markup elements are mapped to the assembly and class name declared by

using an @Register directive.

Pagewide Tags

The runat attribute can also be used with pagewide tags such as <body>. These

tags are represented through an instance of the HtmlGenericControl class.

HtmlGenericControl is the .NET class used to represent an HTML server-side tag not

directly represented by a .NET Framework class. The list of such tags also includes

<span>, <font>, and <iframe>.

In the following page, the background color is set programmatically when the page

loads:

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>

private void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

TheBody.Style[HtmlTextWriterStyle.BackgroundColor] = "lightblue";

}

</script>

<html>

<head><title>Background color</title></head>

<h3>The background color of this page has been set programmatically.

Open View|Source menu to see the source code.</h3>

</body>

</html>

The resulting HTML code is as follows:

<html>

<head><title>Background color</title></head>

<h3>The background color of this page has been set programmatically.

Open View|Source menu to see the source code.</h3>

</body>

</html>

Likewise, you can set any of the attributes of the <body> tag, thus deciding

programmatically, say, which style sheet or background image to use. You use the

HtmlGenericControl's Attributes collection to create attributes on the tag:

The ASP.NET Development Stack

At the highest level of abstraction, the development of an ASP.NET application

passes through two phases—page authoring and run-time configuration. You build

the pages that form the application, implement its user's requirements, and then fine-

tune the surrounding run-time environment to make it serve pages effectively and

securely. As Figure 1-2 shows, the ASP.NET component model is the bedrock of all

ASP.NET applications and their building blocks. With Figure 1-2 in mind, let's

examine the various logical layers to see what they contain and why they contain it.

The Presentation Layer

An ASP.NET page is made of controls, free text, and markup. When the source code

is transformed into a living instance of a page class, the ASP.NET runtime makes no

further distinction between verbatim text, markup, and server controls—everything is

a control, including literal text and carriage-return characters. At run time, any

ASP.NET page is a mere graph of controls.

Rich Controls

The programming richness of ASP.NET springs from the wide library of server

controls that covers the basic tasks of HTML interaction—for example, collecting text

through input tags—as well as more advanced functionalities such as grid-based

data display. The native set of controls is large enough to let you fulfill virtually any

set of requirements. In addition, the latest version of ASP.NET adds a few new rich

controls to take developer's productivity close to its upper limit.

In ASP.NET 3.5, you find controls to create list views, Web wizards, collapsible

views of hierarchical data, advanced data reports, commonly used forms, declarative

data binding, menus, and site navigation. You even find a tiny API to create portal-

like pages. Availability of rich controls means reduction of development time and

coding errors, more best practices implemented, and more advanced functionalities

delivered to end users. We'll specifically cover controls in Chapter 4, Chapter 6, and

later on in Chapter 11.

Custom Controls

ASP.NET core controls provide you with a complete set of tools to build Web

functionalities. The standard set of controls can be extended and enhanced by

adding custom controls. The underlying ASP.NET component model greatly

simplifies the task by applying the common principles and rules of object-oriented

programming.

You can build new controls by enhancing an existing control or aggregating two or

more controls together to form a new one. ASP.NET 3.5 comes with a small set of

base classes to build brand new controls on. This set of classes includes base

classes to simplify the development of new data-bound controls. For more in-depth

coverage of control development, take a look at my book "Programming Microsoft

ASP.NET 2.0 Applications—Advanced Topics", in particular chapters 11 through 15.

Although the book is labeled with ASP.NET 2.0 and Visual Studio 2005, there's really

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ASP.NET 3.5编程：构建企业级Web应用的基础

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