资本资产市场均衡理论解析

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"均衡在资本资产市场中的理论探讨" 这篇由Jan Mossin撰写的《资本资产市场的均衡》文章,发表于1966年Econometrica期刊第34卷第4期,深入研究了金融市场中资本资产如何达到均衡状态。文章的核心是分析投资者行为、风险偏好和资产价格之间的相互作用,以及这些因素如何决定了一个有效的资本资产市场。 在资本资产市场中,均衡是指所有投资者根据他们的风险偏好和预期收益进行了最优投资组合选择,且市场上不存在套利机会的状态。Mossin的理论建立在现代金融理论的基础之上,尤其是马科维茨的投资组合理论,该理论强调投资者通过分散投资来最小化风险。 文章可能讨论了以下几个关键知识点: 1. **有效市场假说(Efficient Market Hypothesis, EMH)**:这假说认为市场价格反映了所有可获得的信息,因此在均衡状态下,资产价格反映了其内在价值,投资者无法持续地获得超额回报。 2. **资本资产定价模型(Capital Asset Pricing Model, CAPM)**:CAPM提供了一个框架,用于理解风险与预期回报之间的关系。在这个模型中,市场均衡时,资产的预期回报率由其对市场组合的风险暴露(β系数)决定。 3. **投资者效用函数(Investor Utility Functions)**:Mossin可能会探讨不同投资者的风险偏好如何通过效用函数表达,并如何影响他们对资产的需求,进而影响资产价格。 4. **风险溢价(Risk Premium)**:高风险的资产通常会提供更高的预期回报以补偿投资者承担的风险,这是市场均衡的一部分。 5. **无套利条件(No-Arbitrage Conditions)**:在均衡状态下,市场中不应存在无风险的盈利机会。如果存在,投资者会立即利用这些机会,导致市场价格调整。 6. **信息不对称(Asymmetry Information)**:即使在理想化的均衡模型中,也可能考虑信息不对称对市场的影响,如内幕交易或市场效率的降低。 7. **经济周期与市场波动**:文章可能还会涉及经济环境如何影响资本资产市场的均衡状态,如经济增长、利率变化和通货膨胀等因素。 Jan Mossin的研究对于理解金融市场动态和投资决策过程具有重要意义。他的工作为后来的金融经济学家提供了理论基础,促进了对资产定价、市场效率和风险管理等领域更深入的理解。通过JSTOR等学术资源,学者、研究人员和学生可以访问并进一步研究这些理论,以应用于实际的金融决策和市场分析。
2023-02-22 上传

解决这个问题King Julien rules the Madagascar island whose primary crop is coconuts. If the price of coconuts is P , then King Julien’s subjects will demand D(P ) = 1200 − 100P coconuts per week for their own use. The number of coconuts that will be supplied per week by the island’s coconut growers is S(p) = 100P. (a) (2 pts) Calculate the equilibrium price and quantity for coconuts. (b) (2 pts) One day, King Julien decided to tax his subjects in order to collect coconuts for the Royal Larder. The king required that every subject who consumed a coconut would have to pay a coconut to the king as a tax. Thus, if a subject wanted 5 coconuts for himself, he would have to purchase 10 coconuts and give 5 to the king. When the price that is received by the sellers is pS, how much does it cost one of the king’s subjects to get an extra coconut for himself? (c) (3 pts) When the price paid to suppliers is pS, how many coconuts will the king’s subjects demand for their own consumption (as a function of pS)? 2 (d) (2 pts) Under the above coconut tax policy, determine the total number of coconuts demanded per week by King Julien and his subjects as a function of pS. (e) (3 pts) Calculate the equilibrium value of pS, the equilibrium total number of coconuts produced, and the equilibrium total number of coconuts consumed by Julien’s subjects. (f) (5 pts) King Julien’s subjects resented paying the extra coconuts to the king, and whispers of revolution spread through the palace. Worried by the hostile atmosphere, the king changed the coconut tax. Now, the shopkeepers who sold the coconuts would be responsible for paying the tax. For every coconut sold to a consumer, the shopkeeper would have to pay one coconut to the king. For this new policy, calculate the number of coconuts being sold to the consumers, the value per coconuts that the shopkeepers got after paying their tax to the king, and the price payed by the consumers.

2023-03-07 上传