Go语言编程:21世纪的应用开发

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"Programming in GO" 《Programming in Go》是一本专为想要学习Go语言的开发者编写的入门经典书籍,已翻译成中文,英文版则同时提供了学习编程与英语的机会。这本书适用于Windows和Linux操作系统,包含丰富的示例,帮助读者深入理解和实践Go语言。 Go语言,也称为Golang,是Google在2009年推出的一种静态类型的、编译式的、并发式的、垃圾回收的、C风格的编程语言。它的设计目标是提高开发者的生产力和代码的运行效率,特别是在构建网络服务和系统工具方面。 本书作者Mark Summerfield是一位经验丰富的技术专家,他擅长组织和呈现信息,使得其他程序员能够轻松学习和应用。书中详细介绍了Go语言的关键概念和技术,包括: 1. **基础语法**:涵盖Go语言的基础语法元素,如变量声明、类型系统(包括基本类型、接口类型)、控制流结构(if、for、switch等)以及函数定义和调用。 2. **结构体和面向对象编程**:讲解如何创建和使用结构体,以及Go中的面向对象特性,如方法和接收者,虽然Go并不支持传统的类和继承,但它提供了别具一格的面向对象编程方式。 3. **包和导入**:介绍Go的模块化系统,包括包的创建、导出和导入,以及如何管理依赖关系。 4. **并发编程**:Go语言的一大亮点是其内置的并发原语——goroutines和channels。书中会深入探讨这两个概念,以及如何通过它们实现高效的并发处理。 5. **内存管理和垃圾回收**:解释Go的自动垃圾回收机制,以及如何理解和避免内存泄漏。 6. **错误处理**:Go使用错误值进行错误处理,书中有详细的介绍,包括如何创建自定义错误类型和如何优雅地处理错误。 7. **标准库**:介绍Go的标准库,特别是与网络、I/O、文件系统和时间相关的部分,这些都是编写实用应用程序不可或缺的部分。 8. **测试和调试**:阐述如何使用Go的内置测试框架进行单元测试和集成测试,以及如何利用工具进行程序调试。 9. **构建和部署**:讲解如何构建可执行文件,以及在不同平台上部署Go程序的策略。 通过《Programming in Go》,读者不仅能学会Go语言的基本语法和高级特性,还能了解到Go语言在21世纪应用开发中的独特优势,包括其简洁的语法、强大的并发支持和高效的性能。这本书是Go初学者的宝贵资源,同时也适合有经验的开发者进一步提升对Go语言的理解和应用能力。

The Sleeping Teaching Assistant A university computer science department has a teaching assistant (TA) who helps undergraduate students with their programming assignments during regular office hours. The TA’s office is rather small and has room for only one desk with a chair and computer. There are three chairs in the hallway outside the office where students can sit and wait if the TA is currently helping another student. When there are no students who need help during office hours, the TA sits at the desk and takes a nap. If a student arrives during office hours and finds the TA sleeping, the student must awaken the TA to ask for help. If a student arrives and finds the TA currently helping another student, the student sits on one of the chairs in the hallway and waits. If no chairs are available, the student will come back at a later time. Using POSIX threads, mutex locks, and/or semaphores, implement a solution that coordinates the activities of the TA and the students. Details for this assignment are provided below. Using Pthreads, begin by creating N students. Each will run as a separate thread. The TA will run as a separate thread as well. Student threads will alternate between programming for a period of time and seeking help from the TA. If the TA is available, they will obtain help. Otherwise, they will either sit in a chair in the hallway or, if no chairs are available, will resume programming and will seek help at a later time. If a student arrives and notices that the TA is sleeping, the student must notify the TA using a semaphore. When the TA finishes helping a student, the TA must check to see if there are students waiting for help in the hallway. If so, the TA must help each of these students in turn. If no students are present, the TA may return to napping. Perhaps the best option for simulating students programming—as well as the TA providing help to a student—is to have the appropriate threads sleep for a random period of time using the sleep() API:

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