HP-UX11i培训文档（绝密）_HP-UXiso

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HP-UNIX 培训手册密级：机密

HP-UX 11i培训文档

作者：朱运生

2004-1-9

HP-UNIX 培训手册密级：机密

前言 5

第一章

HP-UNIX 操作系统简介 ............................................................................................... 6

第二章

HP-UNIX 系统基本命令 ............................................................................................... 8

2.1

操作文件与目录 ....................................................................................................... 8

2.1.1

file ..................................................................................................................... 8

2.1.2

ls ........................................................................................................................ 8

2.1.3 pwd .................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.4

i.......................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.5

mv...................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.6

mkdir ............................................................................................................... 10

2.1.7

rm .................................................................................................................... 10

2.1.8

rmdir ................................................................................................................ 10

2.1.9

chmod .............................................................................................................. 10

2.1.10

chown ......................................................................................................... 11

2.1.11

cp ................................................................................................................ 11

2.1.12

cat ............................................................................................................... 11

2.1.13

more ............................................................................................................ 12

2.1.14

pg ................................................................................................................ 12

2.1.15

head............................................................................................................. 12

2.1.16 tail ............................................................................................................... 12

2.2

UNIX 工具 .............................................................................................................. 13

2.2.1

split .................................................................................................................. 13

2.2.2

wc .................................................................................................................... 13

2.2.3

sort ................................................................................................................... 13

2.2.4

cmp .................................................................................................................. 14

2.2.5 diff ................................................................................................................... 14

2.2.6

comm. .............................................................................................................. 14

2.2.7

dircmp ............................................................................................................. 14

2.2.8

cut .................................................................................................................... 14

2.2.9

paste ................................................................................................................ 15

2.2.10

join .............................................................................................................. 15

2.2.11

tr .................................................................................................................. 15

2.2.12

sed ............................................................................................................... 15

2.2.13

awk ............................................................................................................. 15

2.2.14

grep ............................................................................................................. 16

2.2.15

find .............................................................................................................. 16

2.3

系统管理 ................................................................................................................. 17

2.3.1

cron.................................................................................................................. 17

2.3.2

df ..................................................................................................................... 17

2.3.3

du ..................................................................................................................... 17

2.3.4

group ............................................................................................................... 18

2.3.5

mount .............................................................................................................. 18

2.3.6

umount ............................................................................................................ 18

2.3.7

newgrp ............................................................................................................. 18

HP-UNIX 培训手册密级：机密

2.3.8 passwd ............................................................................................................. 18

2.3.9

ps ..................................................................................................................... 18

2.3.10

shutdown ..................................................................................................... 18

2.3.11

vipw ............................................................................................................ 19

2.4

性能分析 ................................................................................................................. 19

2.4.1

iostat ................................................................................................................ 19

2.4.2 sar .................................................................................................................... 19

2.4.3

showmount ...................................................................................................... 20

2.4.4

swapinfo .......................................................................................................... 20

2.4.5

timex................................................................................................................ 20

2.4.6

top.................................................................................................................... 20

2.4.7

vmstat .............................................................................................................. 20

2.5 网络命令 ................................................................................................................. 21

2.5.1

ping.................................................................................................................. 21

2.5.2

netstat .............................................................................................................. 22

2.5.3

route ................................................................................................................ 23

2.5.4

ifconfig ............................................................................................................ 23

2.5.5

arp.................................................................................................................... 23

2.5.6

lanadmin .......................................................................................................... 23

2.5.7 ndd ................................................................................................................... 23

2.5.8

nslookup .......................................................................................................... 23

2.5.9

remsh ............................................................................................................... 23

2.5.10

rlogin ........................................................................................................... 23

2.5.11

rpconfo ........................................................................................................ 24

2.5.12

rwho ............................................................................................................ 24

2.6

Unix 高级命令 ........................................................................................................ 24

第三章

vi 编辑器 ...................................................................................................................... 24

3.1

启动 vi 会话............................................................................................................ 24

3.2

光标控制命令 ......................................................................................................... 25

3.3

插入操作 ................................................................................................................. 26

3.4

删除操作 ................................................................................................................. 26

3.5 修改操作 ................................................................................................................. 27

3.6

查找与替换 ............................................................................................................. 27

3.7

复制操作 ................................................................................................................. 28

3.8

撤消与重复 ............................................................................................................. 28

3.9

保存与退出 ............................................................................................................. 29

3.10

选项 ......................................................................................................................... 29

3.11 状态 ......................................................................................................................... 29

3.12

段落和放置标记 ..................................................................................................... 30

3.13

连接行 ..................................................................................................................... 30

3.14

光标放置与屏幕调整 ............................................................................................. 30

3.15

宏与缩写 ................................................................................................................. 31

3.16

缩进文本 ................................................................................................................. 31

3.17

shell 过滤器 ............................................................................................................ 32

HP-UNIX 培训手册密级：机密

3.18

模式匹配 ................................................................................................................. 32

第四章

文件系统 ....................................................................................................................... 33

4.1

卷、卷组、文件系统 ............................................................................................. 33

4.2

什么是文件系统 ..................................................................................................... 34

4.3

树型结构 ................................................................................................................. 34

4.4

文件系统层次 ......................................................................................................... 35

4.5

文件系统层次 ......................................................................................................... 35

第五章

备份与恢复 ................................................................................................................... 38

5.1

系统备份与恢复常用命令 ..................................................................................... 38

5.1.1

fbackup & frecover.......................................................................................... 38

5.1.1.1 系统备份命令： fbackup ................................................................ 38

总览 39

5.1.1.2 系统恢复命令： frecover ................................................................ 40

5.1.2

tar 命令........................................................................................................... 41

5.1.3.1

对系统全备份 ............................................................................................ 41

5.1.3.2

备份某目录 ................................................................................................ 41

5.1.3.3

改变文件的备份路径 ................................................................................ 41

5.1.3.4

恢复数据 .................................................................................................... 42

5.1.3.5

查看磁带上的数据 .................................................................................... 42

5.1.3 SAM ................................................................................................................ 42

备份数据 ............................................................................................................. 42

ii.

检查备份的数据 ................................................................................................. 42

5.1.4

Copyutil ........................................................................................................... 43

如何启动 “ Copyutil “ ...................................................................................... 43

ii.

备份系统硬盘上的所有数据 ............................................................................. 43

iii.

恢复数据到指定的系统硬盘上 ......................................................................... 44

iv.

注意： ................................................................................................................. 44

5.1.5

make_recovery ................................................................................................ 44

安装 “Ignite-UX application” ............................................................................. 44

ii.

备份系统 Root Disk ............................................................................................ 45

iii.

复磁带上的所有数据 ......................................................................................... 47

2. 系统备份 / 恢复方法及策略 ................................................................................ 48

系统备份的策略 ............................................................................................. 48

5.1.3.6

HP-UX Core-OS: ........................................................................................ 48

5.1.3.7

5.2.1.2 系统配置文件 ................................................................................ 48

5.1.3.8

5.2.1.3 系统其它逻辑卷 ( 如：vg01 、vg02) ........................................ 49

5.1.3.9

数据库的备份 ............................................................................................ 50

5.2.2 系统恢复的策略 ............................................................................................. 50

5.1.3.10

用 fbackup / tar 对系统进行备份时 ......................................................... 50

5.1.3.11

用 make_recovery 对系统进行备份时 ..................................................... 50

第六章

仿真终端 ....................................................................................................................... 51

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