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DDR PHY Interface, Version 3.1 1 of 141
March 21, 2014 Copyright 1995-2014
Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
DFI
DDR PHY Interface
DFI 3.1 Specification
M
ARCH 21, 2014
2 of 141 DDR PHY Interface, Version 3.1
Copyright 1995-2014 March 21, 2014
Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
Release Information
Rev # Date Change
1.0 30 Jan 2007 Initial Release
2.0 17 Jul 2007 Modifications/Additions for DDR3 Support
2.0 21 Nov 2007 Additional modifications/additions for DDR3 support. Added read and write leveling.
Changes approved by the Technical Committee for DDR3 support.
2.0 21 Dec 2007 Removed references to data eye training for PHY Evaluation mode, added a gate training-
specific mode signal, corrected references and clarified read training
.
2.0 11 Jan 2008 Modified wording; standardized notations in figures, clarified terminology for read and write
leveling.
2.0 26 Mar 2008 Added timing parameter t
rdlvl_en
and t
wrlvl_en
, signal dfi_rdlvl_edge.
2.1 2 Oct 2008 Added initial LPDDR2 support and corrected minor errors from 2.0 release.
2.1 24 Nov 2008 Added frequency change protocol, signal timing definitions, t
rdlvl_load
and t
wrlvl_load
timing
parameters and adjusted diagrams accordingly.
2.1 30 Jan 2009 Added DFI logo.
2.1 31 Mar 2009 Updated width of dfi_rdlvl_edge, corrected erroneous figures, updated t
rdlvl_en
and t
wrlvl_en
definitions.
2.1 20 May 2009 Added low power control interface, modified leveling request signal description to include
frequency change, added dfi_data_byte_disable signal and t
phy_wrdata
timing parameters.
Added DIMM support to the status interface and updated frequency ratios from an example to
a defined method. Updated frequency ratios information for new proposals, modified default
values and requirements for some training interface signals, incorporated LPDDR2 training
operations changes
2.1 22 Jun 2009 Expanded frequency ratio information to include vectored read data, expanded use of
dfi_init_start, added timing diagrams for 1:4 frequency ratio systems
2.1.1 23 Mar 2010 Added reference to the parity interface to the Overview. Changed dfi_parity_in signal to have
a phase index. Modified description of dfi_freq_ratio signal to make it optional except for
MCs/PHYs that support multiple frequency ratios. Expanded figure 32 into two figures to
represent odd and even timing parameters.
2.1.1 01 Apr 2010 Changed minimum value for t
lp_wakeup
.
2.1.1 20 Apr 2010 Corrected figure 3 timing violation. Corrected erroneous sentence for 2T timing. Corrected
figure 35 t
phy_wrlat
timing. Correct incorrect references to t
phy_wrlat
in frequency ratio read
examples.
2.1.1 27 May 2010 Added Figure 4 and text to explain differences between Figure 3 and 4.
2.1.1 09 Jun 2010 Modified text in dfi_init_start and surrounding figures 3 and 4 for more clarity.
3.0 21 May 2012 Added DDR4 DRAM support for: CRC, CA parity timing, CRC and CA parity errors, DBI,
leveling support, and CA modifications. Added DFI read data rotation clarification, read data
pointer resynchronization, independent timing of DFI read data valid per data slice, data path
chip select, error interface, and programmable parameters. Renamed PHY evaluation mode.
Removed MC evaluation mode and t
phy_wrdelay
timing parameter. Added support for refresh
during training, multiple CS training, enhancements to the update interface and the idle bus
definition
3.1 19 May 2012 Added support for LPDDR3. Enhanced the Low Power Control Interface to have separate
control and data requests. Added the PHY-Requested Training Interface to enable PHY-
independent training in non-DFI training mode.
-- 14 Nov 2013 Synchronized book files to 3.1 in advance of upcoming changes from JM.
DDR PHY Interface, Version 3.1 3 of 141
March 21, 2014 Copyright 1995-2014
Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
-- 21 Nov 2013 Incorporated review corrections.
-- 21 Mar 2014 Incorporated committee comments, corrected erroneous cross references, fine-tuned
formatting, fine-tuned typographical items.
Proprietary Notice
No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written consent of
Cadence.
Cadence makes no warranties with respect to this documentation and disclaims any implied warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Cadence assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.
Except as may be explicitly set forth in such agreement, Cadence does not make, and expressly disclaims, any
representations or warranties as to the completeness, accuracy, or usefulness of the information contained in this
document. Cadence does not warrant that use of such information will not infringe any third party rights, nor does
Cadence assume any liability for damages or costs of any kind that may result from use of such information.
© Copyright 2014 Cadence Design Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. Portions of this material are © JEDEC
Solid State Technology Association. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.
RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraphs (c)(1)(ii) of the
Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.
Destination Control Statement
All technical data contained in this product is subject to the export control laws of the United States of America.
Disclosure to nationals of other countries contrary to United States law is prohibited. It is the reader's responsibility to
determine the applicable regulations and to comply with them.
Trademarks
Cadence and the Cadence logo are registered trademarks of Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
All other products or brand names mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
End User License Agreement2
1.Subject to the provisions of Clauses 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, Cadence hereby grants to licensee ("Licensee") a perpetual,
nonexclusive, nontransferable, royalty free, worldwide copyright license to use and copy the DFI (DDR PHY Interface)
specification (the "DFI Specification") for the purpose of developing, having developed, manufacturing, having
manufactured, offering to sell, selling, supplying or otherwise distributing products which comply with the DFI
Specification.
2.THE DFI SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITH NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR
STATUTORY, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY OF SATISFACTORY QUALITY,
MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
3.No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted to Licensee, under the provisions of Clause 1, to use Cadence's or
any other person or entity participating in the development of the DFI Specification listed herein (individually
"Participant," collectively "Participants") trade name, or trademarks in connection with the DFI Specification or any
products based thereon. Nothing in Clause 1 shall be construed as authority for Licensee to make any representations on
behalf of Cadence or the other Participants in respect of the DFI Specification.
4.NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING ELSE WILL CADENCE'S TOTAL AGGREGATE LIABILITY FOR ANY
CLAIM, SUIT, PROCEEDING OR OTHERWISE, RELATING IN ANYWAY TO THE DFI SPECIFICATION
EXCEED $1.00USD.
5.NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING ELSE WILL ANY PARTICIPANT'S TOTAL AGGREGATE LIABILITY FOR
4 of 141 DDR PHY Interface, Version 3.1
Copyright 1995-2014 March 21, 2014
Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
ANY CLAIM, SUIT, PROCEEDING OR OTHERWISE, RELATING IN ANYWAY TO THE DFI SPECIFICATION
EXCEED $1.00USD.
6.Licensee agrees that Cadence and the Participants may use, copy, modify, reproduce and distribute any written
comments or suggestions ("Communications") provided regarding the DFI Specification by Licensee and that Licensee
will not claim any proprietary rights in the DFI Specification, or implementations thereof by any Participant or third
party, as a result of the use of the Communications in developing or changing the DFI Specification. Cadence and the
participants will have no confidentiality obligations with respect to the Communications and Licensee will not include
any confidential information of Licensee or any third party in any Communications.
Participants
ARM Cadence Intel LSI Samsung ST Synopsys
DDR PHY Interface, Version 3.1 5 of 141
March 21, 2014 Copyright 1995-2014,
Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
CONTENTS
1.0 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.0 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.0 Interface Signal Groups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.1 Control Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2 Write Data Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.1. . Write Data Mask/Write DBI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.2. . Write Data Chip Select. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.3. . Write Data CRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.4. . Frequency Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.5. . Write Data Signals and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3 Read Data Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.3.1. . Read DBI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.2. . Read Data Chip Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.3. . Read Data Valid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.4. . Frequency Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.4 Update Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.5 Status Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.5.1. . Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.5.2. . Clock Disabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.5.3. . Frequency Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.5.4. . Frequency Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.5.5. . CRC and CA Parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.6 DFI Training Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.6.1. . Read Training Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.6.2. . Write Leveling Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.6.3. . CA Training Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.6.4. . dfi_lvl_pattern Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.6.5. . Periodic Training Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.6.6. . PHY-Initiated Training in DFI Training Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.6.7. . PHY-Requested Training in Non-DFI Training Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.7 Low Power Control Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.8 Error Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.0 Functional Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.1 Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.2 Control Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
4.3 Data Bus Inversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.4 Write Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4.4.1. . Write Transaction Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4.4.2. . DBI - Write. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
4.4.3. . Cyclic Redundancy Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
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