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南京工程学院
毕业设计开题报告
课 题 名 称: 汽包锅炉水位控制系统的研究与仿
真
学 生 姓 名:
指 导 教 师:
所 在 系 部: 能源与动力工程学院
专 业 名 称: 热能与动力工程
(火电厂集控运行)
南京工程学院
2014 年 5 月 28 日
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摘 要
工业锅炉是工业生产和生活上应用广泛的热能动力设备,而作为火电厂重要的监控参数
之一,汽包水位的调整控制对生产运行有着重要的意义。
在此背景下,拟利用 MATLAB/Simulink 对汽包锅炉水位系统建立相关模型,并对相关
模型的控制效果进行分析,以掌握汽包水位的动态特性。
本文开篇简要介绍锅炉汽包水位控制系统、控制难点及其重要性。接下来分别介绍当下
主要的汽包水位控制策略,剖析个控制策略的控制原理。在此基础上上,利用
MATLAB/Simulink 搭建汽包水位三冲量控制模型和内模控制模型,并对两种模型进行比较
分析,对各控制效果进行归纳总结。
关键词:汽包水位、三冲量、内模
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THE RESEARCH AND SIMULATION ABOUT BOILER DRUM LEVEL
CONTROL SYSTEM
Abstract
Industrial boiler is the thermal equipment which is widely used in industrial production.
As one of the important parameters to monitor in the power plants, it shows a great
significance to control the drum level over the production. If the level is too high, it will affect
the separator to produce steam with liquid phenomenon, while if the water level is too low, it
will affect the loop. Maintain normal drum level is a necessary condition to ensure the safe
operation of the boiler. If the water level is not adjusted well, it could cause accidents.
Therefore, it is required for the boiler water level control to fluctuate as small as possible, and
it also requires the control signal as smooth as possible.
Under this background, the relevant model was proposed to be established by MATLAB
/ Simulink, and then analysis the control effects of related models, in order to grasp the
dynamic characteristics of drum level.
This paper began with a brief introduction of boiler drum level control system, the
difficulty and importance of the control. Then the major drum level control strategies were
introduced, which leads to analyze the control principle. On this basis, MATLAB / Simulink
were used to build three Impulse drum level control system and internal model control system,
and then a comparative analysis of the two models was made. Finally, the effect and the
characteristic of each control were summarized.
Keywords: drum level, three impulse, internal model
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目 录
目录
摘 要 ......................................................................................................................................... 2
目 录 ......................................................................................................................................... 4
前 言 ......................................................................................................................................... 6
第一章 绪论 ........................................................................................................................ 7
1.1 课题背景 .................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 研究现状 .................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 本课题的主要工作 .................................................................................................... 8
第二章 汽包水位控制工艺 ................................................................................................ 9
2.1 电站锅炉结构及工艺流程 ............................................................................................ 9
2.2 锅炉汽包简介 .............................................................................................................. 10
2.2.1 汽包结构 ................................................................................................................ 10
2.2.2 汽包工作原理 ....................................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 汽包的作用 ........................................................................................................... 12
2.3 汽包水位动态特性 ...................................................................................................... 12
2.3.1 给水量 W 对汽包水位的影响 ............................................................................. 12
2.3.2 蒸汽流量 D 对汽包水位的影响 .......................................................................... 13
2.3.3 燃料量 B 对汽包水位的影响 .............................................................................. 14
2.4 汽包水位经典控制策略 .............................................................................................. 15
2.4.1 单冲量水位控制系统 ........................................................................................... 15
2.4.2 双冲量水位控制系统 ........................................................................................... 15
2.4.3 三冲量水位控制系统 ........................................................................................... 16
第三章 单级三冲量汽包水位控制建模仿真 .................................................................. 17
3.1 单级三冲量汽包给水控制工作原理 .......................................................................... 17
3.2 模型参数整定 .............................................................................................................. 17
3.3 simulink 模型建立及仿真结果 ..................................................................................... 20
3.4 小结 .............................................................................................................................. 22
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第四章 串级三冲量汽包水位控制建模仿真 .................................................................. 23
4.1 串级三冲量汽包水位控制工作原理 .......................................................................... 23
4.2 模型参数整定 .............................................................................................................. 24
4.3 simulink 模型建立及仿真结果 ..................................................................................... 25
4.4 小结 ............................................................................................................................... 28
第五章 内模汽包水位控制建模仿真 .............................................................................. 29
5.1 内模控制 ...................................................................................................................... 29
5.1.1 简介 ........................................................................................................................ 29
5.1.2 工作原理 ............................................................................................................... 29
5.1.3 内模控制研究现状 ............................................................................................... 31
5.2 内模控制器设计及参数整定 ....................................................................................... 31
5.2.1 内模控制器设计 .................................................................................................... 31
5.2.2 内模控制器参数整定 ............................................................................................ 33
5.3 汽包水位内模控制 simulink 模型建立及仿真结果 ................................................... 34
5.4 小结 .............................................................................................................................. 36
第六章 结论与展望 .......................................................................................................... 37
6.1 结论 .......................................................................................................................... 37
6.2 展望 .......................................................................................................................... 37
致谢 ......................................................................................................................................... 38
参考文献 ................................................................................................................................. 39
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