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15-6-19 Building External Projects with CMake 2.8
www.kitware.com/media/html/BuildingExternalProjectsWithCMake2.8.html 1/7
Kitware Source Feature Article: October 2009
Building External Projects with CMake 2.8
The ExternalProject module in CMake 2.8 makes it easier to build projects dependent upon external software components. An
“external project” is one that you can get the source code for, but does not readily build with a simple ADD_SUBDIRECTORY call
in your CMakeLists.txt file. The ExternalProject_Add function makes it possible to say “download this project from the internet,
run its configure step, build it and install it” w ith just a few lines of code added to your CMakeLists.txt file. The time intensive
processing for each step is deferred until build time, making the CMake configuration of an ExternalProject_Add lightning fast.
The basic concept of ExternalProject is simple: given an external source of software (url to a .tar.gz file, cvs repository, svn
repository, local directory), execute the sequence of commands necessary to build and install that softw are so that you can
refer to it (include, link, run) from your project.
ExternalProject_Add is presently implemented in terms of a CMake custom target and several CMake custom commands. The
custom target represents the external project itself, and each custom command is an “external project build step”. Some of the
custom commands execute the important steps and some are just for housekeeping details. The follow ing image illustrates
custom command dependencies and the order of execution for one ExternalProject_Add call:
The grayed out nodes are the housekeeping steps, the bold ones are the important steps that actually execute commands. An
arrow between steps points to a “step that I depend on” or a “step that runs before I run.” All steps are shown in the above
diagram: some steps are optional; all have reasonable default commands; each may be omitted or overridden.
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