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飞机数据网络

第 7 部分

航空电子全双工交换式

以太网（AFDX）网络

AIRCRAFT DATA NETWORK

PART 7

AVIONICS FULL DUPLEX SWITCHED

ETHERNET (AFDX) NETWORK

ARINC 664 part 7 规范

（翻译稿）

ARINC SPECIFICATION 664P7

PUBLISHED: June 27, 2005

航空电子全双工交换式以太网（AFDX）网络

1 .0 引言....................................................................................................................................................1

1.1 本文档的目的......................................................................................................................................1

1.2 范围.....................................................................................................................................................1

1.3 文档的组织 .........................................................................................................................................1

1.3.1 ARINC 664 规范，飞机数据网络.....................................................................................................................1

1.4 相关的文档 .........................................................................................................................................1

1.4.1 本文档与其它 ARINC 标准的关系...................................................................................................................1

1.4.2 与工业标准的关系 ...........................................................................................................................................2

1.4.3 RTCA 和 EUROCAE 文档............................................................................................................................... ..2

1.5 文档的优先性......................................................................................................................................2

1.6 调整许可 .............................................................................................................................................2

2 .0 概述....................................................................................................................................................3

2.1 比较模型 .............................................................................................................................................3

2.2 交换式以太网网络 ..............................................................................................................................4

2.3 可扩展性 .............................................................................................................................................6

2.4 次序完整性 .........................................................................................................................................6

2.5 故障性能 .............................................................................................................................................6

2.6 交换.....................................................................................................................................................6

2.7 系统性能 .............................................................................................................................................6

3 .0 端系统规范.........................................................................................................................................7

3.1 引言.....................................................................................................................................................7

3.1.1 ES 识别标记 ......................................................................................................................................................8

3.2 介质访问控制（MAC）层的互操作性与确定性.................................................................................8

3.2.1 虚拟链路 ..........................................................................................................................................................8

3.2.2 流/流量控制......................................................................................................................................................8

3.2.3 调度..................................................................................................................................................................9

3.2.4 端系统性能.....................................................................................................................................................11

3.2.4.1 时延.........................................................................................................................................................11

3.2.4.2 MAC 约束 ................................................................................................................................................13

3.2.4.3 抖动.........................................................................................................................................................14

3.2.5 MAC 寻址 .......................................................................................................................................................14

3.2.5.1 MAC 目的地址.........................................................................................................................................15

3.2.5.2 MAC 源地址.............................................................................................................................................15

3.2.6 冗余概念 ........................................................................................................................................................16

3.2.6.1 顺序号与发送端系统...............................................................................................................................19

3.2.6.2 顺序标号与接收端系统...........................................................................................................................20

3.3 IP 层和 IP 层以上的互操作性.............................................................................................................22

3.3.1 航空电子服务.................................................................................................................................................22

3.3.1.1 通信端口 .................................................................................................................................................23

ARINC 664 part 7 规范

3.3.1.2 SAP 端口..................................................................................................................................................24

3.3.1.3 子虚拟链路..............................................................................................................................................25

3.3.2 简单文件传输协议的例子 ..............................................................................................................................27

3.3.3 ES 通信协议栈 ................................................................................................................................................28

3.3.3.1 ES 的 MAC 协议定制...............................................................................................................................29

3.3.3.2 ES 的 IP 协议定制 ....................................................................................................................................29

3.4 网络级别的互操作 ............................................................................................................................29

3.4.1 编址................................................................................................................................................................29

3.4.1.1 引言.........................................................................................................................................................29

3.4.1.2 无分片的 AFDX 帧结构 ..........................................................................................................................29

3.4.1.3 端到端（End-to-end）通信的标识..........................................................................................................33

3.4.1.4 IP 寻址格式..............................................................................................................................................34

3.4.1.5 AFDX 通信端口，SAP 和 UDP/TCP 寻址格式........................................................................................35

4 .0 交换机规范.......................................................................................................................................38

4.1 基本概念 ...........................................................................................................................................38

4.1.1 过滤与管制功能概述......................................................................................................................................38

4.1.1.1 管制与过滤参数 ......................................................................................................................................38

4.1.1.2 帧过滤 .....................................................................................................................................................39

4.1.1.3 流量管制 .................................................................................................................................................39

4.2 过滤与管制功能 ................................................................................................................................41

4.2.1 帧过滤 ............................................................................................................................................................41

4.2.2 流量管制 ........................................................................................................................................................42

4.3 （空缺） ...........................................................................................................................................43

4.4 交换功能 ...........................................................................................................................................43

4.5 交换机 ES 功能 .................................................................................................................................44

4.5.1 概述................................................................................................................................................................44

4.5.2 寻址策略 ........................................................................................................................................................44

4.6 监视功能 ...........................................................................................................................................44

4.7 配置文件 ...........................................................................................................................................45

4.7.1 引言................................................................................................................................................................45

4.7.2 Default_Configuration_Table ............................................................................................................................46

4.7.2.1 默认物理端口..........................................................................................................................................46

4.7.2.2 默认接收配置..........................................................................................................................................46

4.7.2.3 默认发送配置..........................................................................................................................................46

4.7.3 现场可加载配置表：OPS_Configuration_File ................................................................................................47

4.7.3.1 EndSystem_Configuration_Table （（交换机）端系统的配置表）...........................................................47

4.7.3.2 Filtering_Policing_and_Forwarding_Configuration_Table（过滤管制与转发配置表） .............................48

4.8 操作模式 ...........................................................................................................................................48

4.8.1 概述................................................................................................................................................................48

4.8.2 INIT............................................................................................................................... ..................................49

4.8.2.1 初始化顺序..............................................................................................................................................49

4.8.2.2 Ground_Condition.....................................................................................................................................50

4.8.3 OPS: 操作模式................................................................................................................................................50

航空电子全双工交换式以太网（AFDX）网络

III

4.8.4 DL：数据加载模式 .........................................................................................................................................51

4.8.5 SHOP（可选）................................................................................................................................................51

4.8.6 PASSIVE..........................................................................................................................................................52

4.8.7 QUIET（寂静模式）.......................................................................................................................................52

4.9 数据加载 ...........................................................................................................................................53

4.9.1 数据加载的一般要求......................................................................................................................................53

4.9.2 配置识别 ........................................................................................................................................................53

4.9.2.1 交换机配置的定义 ..................................................................................................................................53

4.9.2.2 交换机上电配置识别...............................................................................................................................53

4.9.3 数据加载器 IP 地址 ........................................................................................................................................53

4.10 管脚编程 .........................................................................................................................................53

4.10.1 管脚编程过程 ...............................................................................................................................................54

4.10.1.1 读取管脚编程的恰当的时机 .................................................................................................................54

4.10.1.2 奇偶校验与处理 ....................................................................................................................................54

4.10.2 管脚编程的列表 ...........................................................................................................................................54

4.10.2.1 位置编码 ...............................................................................................................................................54

4.11 性能特征 .........................................................................................................................................54

4.11.1 通用特性.......................................................................................................................................................54

4.11.2 物理层特性...................................................................................................................................................54

4.11.3 处理能力.......................................................................................................................................................54

5 .0 系统问题 ..........................................................................................................................................56

5.1 性能...................................................................................................................................................56

附件 1 数据格式....................................................................................................................................... 58

1-1.0 引言 ..................................................................................................................................................58

1-1.1 以太网二进制位/字节的次序 ...................................................................................................58

1-1.2 抽象和传递句法.......................................................................................................................59

1-1.2.1 抽象句法 .....................................................................................................................................................59

1-1.2.2 传递句法 .....................................................................................................................................................59

1-2.0 原语数据元素 ...................................................................................................................................60

1-2.1 有符号长整型——Signed_32 ...................................................................................................61

1-2.2 有符号双倍长度整型——Signed_64 ........................................................................................61

1-2.3 浮点型......................................................................................................................................61

1-2.3.1 标准精度浮点型—— Float_32 - IEEE754..............................................................................................61

1-2.3.2 双精度浮点型——Float_64－IEEE754...................................................................................................62

1-2.4 布尔型......................................................................................................................................62

1-2.4.1 标准布尔型.............................................................................................................................................62

1-2.4.2 逐位打包布尔型（Bin-Wise Packed Boolean） ......................................................................................62

1-2.5 字符串......................................................................................................................................63

1-2.6 非透明（Opaque）数据 ...........................................................................................................63

1-2.6.1 固定长度非透明数据..............................................................................................................................63

1-2.6.2 可变长度非透明数据..............................................................................................................................64

1-3.0 消息结构...........................................................................................................................................64

ARINC 664 part 7 规范

1-3.1 隐式和显式消息/端口号...........................................................................................................64

1-3.2 数据对齐 ..................................................................................................................................65

1-3.3 备用和填充 ..............................................................................................................................66

1-3.4 功能数据集 ..............................................................................................................................66

1-3.4.1 功能状态集.............................................................................................................................................67

1-3.4.2 数据集 ....................................................................................................................................................69

1-3.5 整体消息结构...........................................................................................................................70

1-3.6 消息设计的指导方针................................................................................................................70

1-4.0 FDS 示例定义 ...................................................................................................................................71

1-4.1 AFDX 消息结构定义................................................................................................................71

1-4.2 消息格式举例...........................................................................................................................71

附件 2 IP/ICMP, UDP 和 TCP 定制条款 ............................................................................................... 74

附录 A 一个端系统标识的例子.............................................................................................................. 104

附录 B ARINC 429 的 AFDX 格式指南 .................................................................................................. 105

附录 C 网络术语................................................................................................................................... 109

附件 D 服务到协议的映射..................................................................................................................... 111

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