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International Telecommunication Union
ITU-T
K.44
TELECOMMUNICATION
STANDARDIZATION SECTOR
OF ITU
(05/2012)
SERIES K: PROTECTION AGAINST INTERFERENCE
Resistibility tests for telecommunication
equipment exposed to overvoltages and
overcurrents – Basic Recommendation
Recommendation ITU-T K.44
Rec. ITU-T K.44 (05/2012) i
Recommendation ITU-T K.44
Resistibility tests for telecommunication equipment exposed to overvoltages
and overcurrents – Basic Recommendation
Summary
Recommendation ITU-T K.44 seeks to establish fundamental test methods and criteria for the
resistibility of telecommunication equipment to overvoltages and overcurrents.
Overvoltages or overcurrents covered by this Recommendation include surges due to lightning on or
near the line plant, short-term induction of alternating voltages from adjacent electric power lines or
electrified railway systems, earth potential rise due to power faults, and direct contacts between
telecommunication lines and power lines.
Major changes compared with the 2008 version of this Recommendation include:
– updating the references;
– amended Criterion A;
– revision of the test schematics to improve clarity;
– adding test schematics for external coaxial cable ports;
– adding multi-conductor test schematics for internal unshielded cables;
– adding tolerances for waveform generation;
– addition of ports that rely on insulation coordination for surge protection.
History
Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group
1.0 ITU-T K.44 2000-02-25 5
2.0 ITU-T K.44 2003-07-29 5
3.0 ITU-T K.44 2008-04-13 5
4.0 ITU-T K.44 2011-11-13 5
5.0 ITU-T K.44 2012-05-29 5
5.1 ITU-T K.44 (2012) Cor. 1 2013-03-16 5
ii Rec. ITU-T K.44 (05/2012)
FOREWORD
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of
telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication
Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical,
operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing
telecommunications on a worldwide basis.
The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years,
establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on
these topics.
The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1.
In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are
prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC.
NOTE
In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a
telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency.
Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain
mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the
Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some
other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The
use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may
involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence,
validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others
outside of the Recommendation development process.
As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property,
protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers
are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the
TSB patent database at http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/.
ITU 2013
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the
prior written permission of ITU.
Rec. ITU-T K.44 (05/2012) iii
Table of Contents
Page
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 1
2 References..................................................................................................................... 1
3 Definitions, abbreviations and symbols ........................................................................ 2
3.1 Definitions ...................................................................................................... 2
3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms .......................................................................... 6
3.3 Symbols .......................................................................................................... 8
4 Overvoltage and overcurrent conditions ....................................................................... 8
5 Resistibility requirements ............................................................................................. 9
5.1 Basic resistibility requirement ........................................................................ 9
5.2 Enhanced resistibility requirement ................................................................. 9
6 Equipment boundary ..................................................................................................... 10
7 Test conditions .............................................................................................................. 10
7.1 Interface ports ................................................................................................. 10
7.1.1 Port classification ........................................................................................... 10
7.1.2 Interface ports ................................................................................................. 10
7.2 Test types ........................................................................................................ 10
7.2.1 Transverse/differential .................................................................................... 11
7.2.2 External port to earth ...................................................................................... 11
7.2.3 External port to external port .......................................................................... 11
7.2.4 Internal port to earth ....................................................................................... 12
7.3 Test conditions ................................................................................................ 12
7.4 Test schematics ............................................................................................... 14
8 Protection coordination ................................................................................................. 14
8.1 General ........................................................................................................... 14
8.2 Lightning ........................................................................................................ 14
8.2.1 Primary SPDs with a switching characteristic ................................................ 14
8.2.2 Primary SPDs with a clamping characteristic ................................................ 14
8.3 Power induction, earth potential rise and power contact ................................ 15
8.4 Special test protector ...................................................................................... 15
8.4.1 Switching type protector ................................................................................. 15
8.4.2 Clamping type protector ................................................................................. 15
8.4.3 Multistage modules ........................................................................................ 15
8.5 Selection of the agreed primary protector ...................................................... 15
9 Acceptance criteria ....................................................................................................... 15
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