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Internet Engineering Task Force MMUSIC WG

INTERNET-DRAFT H. Schulzrinne, A. Rao, R. Lanphier

draft-ietf-mmusic-rtsp-09.ps Columbia U./Netscape/RealNetworks

February 2, 1998

Expires: August 2, 1998

Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)

Status of this Memo

This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering

Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working

documents as Internet-Drafts.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced,

or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material

or to cite them other than as “work in progress”.

To learn the current status of any Internet-Draft, please check the “1id-abstracts.txt” listing contained

in the Internet-Drafts Shadow Directories on ftp.is.co.za (Africa), nic.nordu.net (Europe), munnari.oz.au

(Paciﬁc Rim), ds.internic.net (US East Coast), or ftp.isi.edu (US West Coast).

Distribution of this document is unlimited.

Abstract

The Real Time Streaming Protocol, or RTSP, is an application-level protocol for control over the

delivery of data with real-time properties. RTSP provides an extensible framework to enable controlled,

on-demand delivery of real-time data, such as audio and video. Sources of data can include both live

data feeds and stored clips. This protocol is intended to control multiple data delivery sessions, provide

a means for choosing delivery channels such as UDP, multicast UDP and TCP, and provide a means for

choosing delivery mechanisms based upon RTP (RFC 1889).

Contents

1 Introduction 5

1.1 Purpose ............................................. 5

1.2 Requirements .......................................... 6

1.3 Terminology........................................... 6

1.4 Protocol Properties ....................................... 8

1.5 ExtendingRTSP......................................... 9

1.6 OverallOperation........................................ 10

1.7 RTSPStates........................................... 10

1.8 RelationshipwithOtherProtocols ............................... 11

2 Notational Conventions 11

3 Protocol Parameters 11

3.1 RTSPVersion.......................................... 11

3.2 RTSPURL ........................................... 12

INTERNET-DRAFT draft-ietf-mmusic-rtsp-09.ps February 2, 1998

3.3 ConferenceIdentiﬁers...................................... 13

3.4 SessionIdentiﬁers........................................ 13

3.5 SMPTERelativeTimestamps.................................. 13

3.6 NormalPlayTime........................................ 13

3.7 AbsoluteTime.......................................... 14

3.8 OptionTags........................................... 14

3.8.1 RegisteringNewOptionTagswithIANA....................... 15

4 RTSP Message 15

4.1 MessageTypes ......................................... 15

4.2 MessageHeaders ........................................ 15

4.3 MessageBody.......................................... 16

4.4 MessageLength......................................... 16

5 General Header Fields 16

6 Request 16

6.1 RequestLine .......................................... 17

6.2 RequestHeaderFields ..................................... 17

7 Response 18

7.1 Status-Line ........................................... 18

7.1.1 StatusCodeandReasonPhrase ............................ 18

7.1.2 Response Header Fields ................................ 20

8 Entity 20

8.1 Entity Header Fields ...................................... 20

8.2 Entity Body ........................................... 22

9 Connections 22

9.1 Pipelining............................................ 22

9.2 Reliability and Acknowledgements . . . ............................ 22

10 Method Deﬁnitions 23

10.1 OPTIONS ........................................... 23

10.2 DESCRIBE ........................................... 24

10.3 ANNOUNCE .......................................... 25

10.4 SETUP ............................................. 26

10.5 PLAY .............................................. 27

10.6 PAUSE ............................................. 28

10.7 TEARDOWN .......................................... 29

10.8 GET

PARAMETER ...................................... 30

10.9 SET

PARAMETER ...................................... 30

10.10REDIRECT ........................................... 31

10.11RECORD ............................................ 31

10.12Embedded(Interleaved)BinaryData.............................. 32

H. Schulzrinne, A. Rao, R. Lanphier Expires August 2, 1998 [Page 2]

INTERNET-DRAFT draft-ietf-mmusic-rtsp-09.ps February 2, 1998

11 Status Code Deﬁnitions 33

11.1 Success 2xx ........................................... 33

11.1.1 250LowonStorageSpace............................... 33

11.2Redirection3xx......................................... 33

11.3ClientError4xx......................................... 33

11.3.1 405MethodNotAllowed ............................... 33

11.3.2 451ParameterNotUnderstood............................. 33

11.3.3 452 Conference Not Found . . . ............................ 33

11.3.4 453 Not Enough Bandwidth . . ............................ 33

11.3.5 454 Session Not Found ................................. 33

11.3.6 455MethodNotValidinThisState .......................... 34

11.3.7 456HeaderFieldNotValidforResource ....................... 34

11.3.8 457InvalidRange ................................... 34

11.3.9 458ParameterIsRead-Only.............................. 34

11.3.10459AggregateOperationNotAllowed ........................ 34

11.3.11460OnlyAggregateOperationAllowed........................ 34

11.3.12 461 Unsupported Transport . . ............................ 34

11.3.13 462 Destination Unreachable . . ............................ 34

11.3.14 551 Option not supported . . . ............................ 34

12 Header Field Deﬁnitions 34

12.1 Accept . ............................................. 35

12.2 Accept-Encoding . ....................................... 35

12.3 Accept-Language . ....................................... 35

12.4Allow .............................................. 35

12.5Authorization .......................................... 35

12.6Bandwidth............................................ 37

12.7Blocksize ............................................ 37

12.8Cache-Control.......................................... 37

12.9Conference ........................................... 39

12.10Connection ........................................... 39

12.11Content-Base .......................................... 39

12.12Content-Encoding........................................ 39

12.13Content-Language . ....................................... 39

12.14Content-Length ......................................... 39

12.15Content-Location ........................................ 40

12.16Content-Type .......................................... 40

12.17CSeq............................................... 40

12.18Date............................................... 40

12.19Expires ............................................. 40

12.20From............................................... 41

12.21Host............................................... 41

12.22If-Match ............................................. 41

12.23If-Modiﬁed-Since . ....................................... 41

12.24Last-Modiﬁed.......................................... 41

H. Schulzrinne, A. Rao, R. Lanphier Expires August 2, 1998 [Page 3]

INTERNET-DRAFT draft-ietf-mmusic-rtsp-09.ps February 2, 1998

12.25Location............................................. 41

12.26Proxy-Authenticate ....................................... 42

12.27Proxy-Require . . . ....................................... 42

12.28Public .............................................. 42

12.29Range .............................................. 42

12.30Referer ............................................. 42

12.31Retry-After ........................................... 43

12.32Require ............................................. 43

12.33RTP-Info ............................................ 43

12.34Scale............................................... 44

12.35Speed .............................................. 45

12.36Server.............................................. 45

12.37Session ............................................. 45

12.38Timestamp ........................................... 46

12.39Transport ............................................ 46

12.40Unsupported ........................................... 48

12.41User-Agent ........................................... 48

12.42Vary............................................... 49

12.43Via................................................ 49

12.44WWW-Authenticate ...................................... 49

13 Caching 49

14 Examples 49

14.1MediaonDemand(Unicast) .................................. 50

14.2StreamingofaContainerﬁle.................................. 51

14.3SingleStreamContainerFiles ................................. 54

14.4LiveMediaPresentationUsingMulticast ........................... 55

14.5Playingmediaintoanexistingsession ............................. 56

14.6Recording............................................ 57

15 Syntax 59

15.1BaseSyntax........................................... 60

16 Security Considerations 61

A RTSP Protocol State Machines 62

A.1 ClientStateMachine ...................................... 63

A.2 ServerStateMachine...................................... 63

B Interaction with RTP 64

C Use of SDP for RTSP Session Descriptions 65

C.1 Deﬁnitions............................................ 65

C.1.1 ControlURL ...................................... 65

C.1.2 Mediastreams ..................................... 66

H. Schulzrinne, A. Rao, R. Lanphier Expires August 2, 1998 [Page 4]

INTERNET-DRAFT draft-ietf-mmusic-rtsp-09.ps February 2, 1998

C.1.3 Payloadtype(s)..................................... 66

C.1.4 Format-speciﬁcparameters............................... 66

C.1.5 Rangeofpresentation ................................. 66

C.1.6 Time of availability . .................................. 67

C.1.7 ConnectionInformation ................................ 67

C.1.8 Entity Tag . ....................................... 67

C.2 AggregateControlNotAvailable................................ 67

C.3 AggregateControlAvailable .................................. 68

D Minimal RTSP implementation 68

D.1 Client .............................................. 68

D.1.1 BasicPlayback..................................... 69

D.1.2 Authentication-enabled................................. 70

D.2 Server.............................................. 70

D.2.1 BasicPlayback..................................... 70

D.2.2 Authentication-enabled................................. 71

E Author Addresses 71

F Acknowledgements 72

1 Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)establishes and controls either a single or several time-synchronized

streams of continuous media such as audio and video. It does not typically deliver the continuous streams

itself, although interleaving of the continuous media stream with the control stream is possible (see Section

10.12). In other words, RTSP acts as a “network remote control” for multimedia servers.

The set of streams to be controlled is deﬁned by a presentation description. This memorandum does not

deﬁne a format for a presentation description.

There is no notion of an RTSP connection; instead, a server maintains a session labeled by an identiﬁer.

An RTSP session is in no way tied to a transport-level connection such as a TCP connection. During an

RTSP session, an RTSP client may open and close many reliable transport connections to the server to issue

RTSP requests. Alternatively, it may use a connectionless transport protocol such as UDP.

The streams controlled by RTSP may use RTP [1], but the operation of RTSP does not depend on the

transport mechanism used to carry continuous media.

The protocol is intentionally similar in syntax and operation to HTTP/1.1 [2] so that extension mecha-

nisms to HTTP can in most cases also be added to RTSP. However, RTSP differs in a number of important

aspects from HTTP:



RTSP introduces a number of new methods and has a different protocol identiﬁer.



An RTSP server needs to maintain state by default in almost all cases, as opposed to the stateless

nature of HTTP.



Both an RTSP server and client can issue requests.

H. Schulzrinne, A. Rao, R. Lanphier Expires August 2, 1998 [Page 5]

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