Hibernate 3.5.6入门教程与架构详解
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更新于2024-08-01
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Hibernate Reference 3.5.6 是一本详尽的指南，由 Gavin King、Christian Bauer、Max Rydahl Andersen、Emmanuel Bernard 和 Steve Ebersole 等作者共同编撰，它为使用 Java 进行关系型持久化提供深入的参考。这本书的核心内容围绕 Hibernate 的核心概念和技术，适合希望学习和掌握 Hibernate 框架的开发者。
第1章是教程部分，分为4个部分：
1.1 第一部分介绍了一个基础的Hibernate应用示例，从设置环境、创建第一个类（如`Person`）、配置映射文件、使用Maven构建项目，到启动应用并处理对象的加载和存储。这一部分展示了如何将Java对象与数据库进行交互，以及基本的数据映射过程。
1.2 部分二着重于映射关联，包括单向集基础的关联、处理关联操作、值集合的处理，以及双向关联的实现。这些内容有助于理解如何在对象之间建立链接，处理数据的一对多、一对一或多对多关系。
1.3 第三部分介绍了"The EventManager" web应用程序，涵盖了编写基本的Servlet、处理请求和响应、部署测试的步骤。通过这个实际项目的例子，读者可以了解如何将Hibernate应用到Web开发环境中，包括Session管理和事务处理。
2.0 章节详细阐述了Hibernate架构，包括整体概述、实例状态管理（如持久化状态、非持久化状态等）、JMX集成（用于监控和管理Hibernate运行）、JCAS支持（Java Community Process的标准），以及上下文会话的概念，这些都是理解框架深层次运作的关键。
Hibernate Reference 3.5.6 提供了一套全面且实用的指南，帮助开发者熟练掌握Hibernate框架，实现高效、优雅的Java对象持久化，同时了解其背后的架构原理。对于那些希望通过Hibernate进行企业级数据库操作的Java开发者来说，这是一本不可或缺的学习资料。
Chapter 1. Tutorial
4
required. Hibernate can also access fields directly, the benefit of accessor methods is robustness
for refactoring.
The id property holds a unique identifier value for a particular event. All persistent entity classes
(there are less important dependent classes as well) will need such an identifier property if we want
to use the full feature set of Hibernate. In fact, most applications, especially web applications, need
to distinguish objects by identifier, so you should consider this a feature rather than a limitation.
However, we usually do not manipulate the identity of an object, hence the setter method should
be private. Only Hibernate will assign identifiers when an object is saved. Hibernate can access
public, private, and protected accessor methods, as well as public, private and protected fields
directly. The choice is up to you and you can match it to fit your application design.
The no-argument constructor is a requirement for all persistent classes; Hibernate has to create
objects for you, using Java Reflection. The constructor can be private, however package or public
visibility is required for runtime proxy generation and efficient data retrieval without bytecode
instrumentation.
Save this file to the src/main/java/org/hibernate/tutorial/domain directory.
1.1.3. The mapping file
Hibernate needs to know how to load and store objects of the persistent class. This is where
the Hibernate mapping file comes into play. The mapping file tells Hibernate what table in the
database it has to access, and what columns in that table it should use.
The basic structure of a mapping file looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="org.hibernate.tutorial.domain">
[...]
</hibernate-mapping>
Hibernate DTD is sophisticated. You can use it for auto-completion of XML mapping elements
and attributes in your editor or IDE. Opening up the DTD file in your text editor is the easiest
way to get an overview of all elements and attributes, and to view the defaults, as well as some
comments. Hibernate will not load the DTD file from the web, but first look it up from the classpath
of the application. The DTD file is included in hibernate-core.jar (it is also included in the
hibernate3.jar, if using the distribution bundle).
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