Oracle Solaris 11.3 国际语言环境指南

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"Oracle Solaris 11.3 国际语言环境指南" Oracle Solaris 11.3 International Language Environments Guide 是一份详尽的文档，旨在帮助用户理解和配置Oracle Solaris 11.3操作系统中的多语言环境。这份指南适用于系统管理员、开发人员以及任何需要在不同语言环境中工作的专业人士，确保他们能够在全球范围内有效地使用和部署Oracle Solaris 11.3。该指南涵盖了以下几个关键知识点： 1. **语言支持**：Oracle Solaris 11.3 提供了对多种语言的广泛支持，包括字符编码（如Unicode）、键盘布局、日期和时间格式、数字格式、货币符号等，以满足全球用户的需求。 2. **区域设置和LC_ALL变量**：讲解如何通过设置区域环境变量（如LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES等）来改变系统的行为，以适应特定的语言和文化习惯。LC_ALL变量用于覆盖所有其他区域设置。 3. **I18N（国际化）和L10N（本地化）**：介绍了Oracle Solaris 11.3如何支持软件的国际化和本地化，允许软件在不同的语言和文化环境中运行，并提供本地化的用户界面。 4. **Unicode和UTF-8编码**：详细阐述了Oracle Solaris如何处理Unicode字符集，特别是广泛使用的UTF-8编码，确保跨语言的文本兼容性。 5. **字符集和编码转换**：文档可能包含关于如何在不同字符集之间进行转换的步骤，这对于处理来自不同地区的数据至关重要。 6. **localedef工具**：解释如何使用localedef工具创建自定义的区域设置，以满足特殊需求或支持新的语言。 7. **多语言应用程序开发**：指导开发者如何构建能在不同语言环境下运行的应用程序，包括使用NLS（National Language Support）和国际化的API。 8. **语言环境管理**：涵盖如何安装、更新和删除语言包，以及如何在系统中切换和管理多个语言环境。 9. **性能和兼容性**：讨论在多语言环境下的性能考虑和与其他版本或操作系统之间的兼容性问题。 10. **故障排查和最佳实践**：提供了解决语言环境问题的技巧和建议，以及如何优化系统以获得最佳的多语言体验。 Oracle Solaris 11.3 International Language Environments Guide 是一个宝贵的资源，它提供了全面的指导，帮助用户充分利用Oracle Solaris 11.3在国际语言环境中的强大功能，确保全球化操作的顺利进行。

Behavior Affected by Locales

Language Core locale

Italian

it_IT.UTF-8

Japanese

ja_JP.UTF-8

Korean

ko_KR.UTF-8

Portuguese - Brazilian

pt_BR.UTF-8

Spanish

es_ES.UTF-8

Core locales have better coverage at the level of localized messages than the locales available

for additional installation. Oracle Solaris OS components such as Installer or Package Manager

are localized only in core locales while localized messages for third-party software such as

GNOME or Firefox are often available in more locales.

All locales in the Oracle Solaris environment are capable of displaying localized messages,

provided that the localized messages for the relevant language and application are present.

Additional locales including all their available localized messages can be added to the system

from the installation repository by modification of pkg facet properties. For more information,

see “Managing Available Locales” on page 38.

Behavior Affected by Locales

Different cultures often use different conventions to format numbers, to write the date and time,

to delimit words and phrases, or to quote written and spoken material. A locale determines the

way in which the following operations, files, formats, and expressions are handled for different

regions:

■

Encoding and processing of text data

■

Language identification and encoding of resource files

■

Rendering and layout of text strings

■

Interchange of text between clients

■

Input method selection to meet the codeset and text processing requirements of the chosen

script

■

Fonts and icon files that are culturally specific

■

User Interface Definition (UID) files

■

Date and time formats

■

Numeric formats

■

Monetary formats

■

Collation order

■

Regular expression handling

Chapter 1 • About Internationalization and Localization 15

Behavior Affected by Locales

■

Format for informative and diagnostic messages and interactive responses

The Oracle Solaris environment separates language and culture-dependent information from the

application and saves the information outside the application. This method eliminates the need

to translate, rewrite, or recompile the application for each market. The only requirement to enter

a new market is to localize the external information to the local language and customs.

The following sections describe the differences that exist for locale categories and other

differences between languages.

Time Formats

The following table shows some of the ways in which different locales write 11:59 P.M. You

can display the time format on your current locale by issuing the following command:

$ date +%X

TABLE 2

International Time Formats

Locale Description Time Format

C - 23:59:00

en_US.UTF-8 English, U.S.A. 11:59:00 PM

es_US.UTF-8 Spanish, U.S.A. 11:59:00 p.m.

mr_IN.UTF-8 Marathi, India 11-59-00 pm

sq_AL.ISO8859-2 Albanian, Albania 11.59.00.MD

ja_JP.UTF-8 Japanese, Japan 23時59分00秒

ko_KR.UTF-8 Korean, Korea 오후11시 59분 00초

zh_CN.UTF-8 Simplified Chinese, China 23时59分00秒

Time can be represented by both a 12-hour clock and a 24-hour clock. The hour and minute

separator can be either a colon ( : ) or a period ( . ) or a dash ( - ).

Time zone splits occur between and within countries. Although a time zone can be described

in terms of the number of hours it is ahead of, or behind, Coordinated Universal Time,

UTC (or Greenwich Mean Time, GMT), this number is not always an integer. For example,

Newfoundland is in a time zone that is half an hour different from the adjacent time zone.

Daylight Saving Time (DST) starts and ends on dates that can vary from country to country.

Many countries do not implement DST at all. Additionally, Daylight Saving Time can vary

within a time zone. In the U.S. for example, the implementation is a state decision.

16 International Language Environments Guide for Oracle Solaris 11.3 • December 2018

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