DOCSIS 3.1 物理层规范：数据电缆服务接口

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"Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications (DOCSIS 3.1 PHYv3.1)" DOCSIS（Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications）是一种标准，它定义了如何在有线电视网络上高效地传输数据服务，如高速互联网接入。DOCSIS 3.1是该规范的一个重要版本，显著提升了网络容量和速度，为有线电视运营商提供了更强大的基础设施，以满足不断增长的宽带需求。 DOCSIS 3.1 物理层规范（Physical Layer Specification，CM-SP-PHYv3.1-I12-171026）是这个技术的核心部分，它详细规定了在电缆上传输数据的物理层面的细节。此规范的发布日期为2017年10月26日，表明这是截至那时的最新修订版。DOCSIS 3.1引入了多载波调制和OFDM（正交频分复用）技术，这使得有线网络能够提供对称的千兆级互联网速度，甚至在某些情况下达到多个千兆比特每秒。物理层规范的主要内容可能包括以下几个方面： 1. **多载波调制**：DOCSIS 3.1引入了FlexDOCSIS，允许使用不同数量的载波来适应不同的带宽需求。这种灵活性可以优化网络资源，提高效率。 2. **OFDM技术**：与传统的QAM（正交幅度调制）相比，OFDM提供了更高的频谱效率，能够在相同的频谱资源上承载更多的数据。 3. **频率分配**：DOCSIS 3.1可以利用更宽的频谱范围，包括下行频段的128MHz或更高，以及上行频段的25MHz或更高，显著增加了可用带宽。 4. **频道 bonding**：DOCSIS 3.1继续支持频道绑定技术，通过组合多个频道来增加总带宽。 5. **错误纠正编码**：为了确保数据在噪声环境中可靠传输，规范可能包含了先进的前向纠错（FEC）编码方案。 6. **兼容性**：DOCSIS 3.1设计时考虑了与早期版本的兼容性，允许逐步升级网络而不会中断服务。请注意，使用和参考这些文档可能需要对其他相关文档的理解，因为DOCSIS规范与其他行业标准和协议（如IPv6、DHCP等）紧密相关。此外，实现DOCSIS 3.1的产品和服务可能涉及第三方知识产权的许可，这可能涉及到额外的法律和商业考虑。 DOCSIS 3.1 PHYv3.1是推动有线宽带服务向前发展的关键规范，旨在提供更快、更稳定的数据传输，以满足家庭和企业用户对高速互联网的日益增长的需求。

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1.2.6 DOCSIS 3.1 Documents

A list of the specifications in the DOCSIS 3.1 series is provided in Table 1. For further information, please refer to

http://www.cablemodem.com.

Table 1 - DOCSIS 3.1 Series of Specifications

Designation

Title

CM-SP-PHYv3.1 Physical Layer Specification

CM-SP-MULPIv3.1 Media Access Control and Upper Layer Protocols Interface Specification

CM-SP-CM-OSSIv3.1 Cable Modem Operations Support System Interface Specification

CM-SP-CCAP-OSSIv3.1 CCAP Operations Support System Interface Specification

CM-SP-SECv3.1 Security Specification

CM-SP-CMCIv3.0 Cable Modem CPE Interface Specification

This specification defines the interface for the physical layer.

Related DOCSIS specifications are listed in Table 2.

Table 2 - DOCSIS 3.1 Related Specifications

Designation Title

CM-SP-eDOCSIS eDOCSIS™ Specification

CM-SP-DRFI Downstream Radio Frequency Interface Specification

CM-SP-DTI DOCSIS Timing Interface Specification

CM-SP-DEPI Downstream External PHY Interface Specification

CM-SP-DSG DOCSIS Set-Top Gateway Interface Specification

CM-SP-ERMI Edge Resource Manager Interface Specification

CM-SP-L2VPN Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks Specification

CM-SP-TEI TDM Emulation Interfaces Specification

1.3 Requirements

Throughout this document, the words that are used to define the significance of particular requirements are

capitalized. These words are:

"MUST" This word means that the item is an absolute requirement of this specification.

"MUST NOT" This phrase means that the item is an absolute prohibition of this specification.

"SHOULD"

This word means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore this item,

but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before choosing a

different course.

"SHOULD NOT"

This phrase means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the listed

behavior is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood and the case

carefully weighed before implementing any behavior described with this label.

"MAY"

This word means that this item is truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item

because a particular marketplace requires it or because it enhances the product, for example;

another vendor may omit the same item.

This document defines many features and parameters, and a valid range for each parameter is usually specified.

Equipment (CM and CMTS) requirements are always explicitly stated. Equipment must comply with all mandatory

(MUST and MUST NOT) requirements to be considered compliant with this specification. Support of non-

mandatory features and parameter values is optional.

Physical Layer Specification CM-SP-PHYv3.1-I12-171026

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1.4 Conventions

In this specification, the following convention applies any time a bit field is displayed in a figure. The bit field

should be interpreted by reading the figure from left to right, then top to bottom, with the most-significant bit

(MSB) being the first bit read, and the least-significant bit (LSB) being the last bit read.

1.5 Organization of Document

Section 1 provides an overview of the DOCSIS 3.1 series of specifications including the DOCSIS reference

architecture and statement of compatibility.

Section 2 includes a list of normative and informative references used within this specification.

Section 3 defines the terms used throughout this specification.

Section 4 defines the abbreviations and acronyms used throughout this specification.

Section 5 provides a technical overview and lists the key features of DOCSIS 3.1 technology for the functional area

of this specification; it also describes the key functional assumptions for the DOCSIS 3.1 system.

Section 6 defines the interface and related requirements for a DOCSIS 3.1 CM or CMTS is operating with SC-

QAM operation only, with no OFDM/OFDMA operation and for the SC-QAM (Single Carrier QAM) channels

with simultaneous operation of SC-QAM and OFDM/OFDMA channels unless otherwise noted for each of: the

CM downstream and upstream physical layer; and for the CMTS downstream upstream physical layer.

Section 7 defines the interface and related requirements for operation with the new DOCSIS 3.1 channels, as well

as for combined operation of DOCSIS 3.0 and DOCSIS 3.1 channels. This is addressed for each of: the CM

downstream and upstream physical layer; and for the CMTS downstream upstream physical layer.

Section 8 defines PHY-MAC convergence - how information is transferred between the MAC layer and the PHY

layer - in both the upstream and downstream.

Section 9 defines the requirements supporting Proactive Network Maintenance (PNM).

Annex A presents requirements for QAM Constellation Mappings and Annex B contains the requirement for RFoG

Operating Mode.

Annex C and Annex D define the requirements for additions and modifications for European Specification with

SC-QAM operation and additions and modifications for Chinese Specification with SC-QAM operation

respectively.

Annex E contains the normative 24-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Code.

Annex F contains the requirements for Full Duplex DOCSIS (FDX).

The informative appendices cover various sample codes, use cases, proposed configuration parameters and

suggested algorithms.

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2 REFERENCES

2.1 Normative References

In order to claim compliance with this specification, it is necessary to conform to the following standards and other

works as indicated, in addition to the other requirements of this specification. Notwithstanding, intellectual

property rights may be required to use or implement such normative references.

All references are subject to revision, and parties to agreement based on this specification are encouraged to

investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the documents listed below.

[CAN/CSA

CISPR 22-10]

Information technology equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of

measurement (Adopted IEC CISPR 22:2008, sixth edition, 2008-09).

[DOCSIS DRFI]

Downstream Radio Frequency Interface Specification, CM-SP-DRFI-I16-170111, January 11, 2017,

Cable Television Laboratories, Inc.

[DOCSIS

MULPIv3.1]

DOCSIS 3.1, MAC and Upper Layer Protocols Interface Specification, CM-SP-MULPIv3.1-I12-170906,

September 6, 2017, Cable Television Laboratories, Inc.

[DOCSIS

PHYv3.0]

DOCSIS 3.0, Physical Layer Specification, CM-SP-PHYv3.0-I13-170111, January 11, 2017, Cable

Television Laboratories, Inc.

[DVB-C2]

ETSI EN 302 769 V1.2.1: Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Frame structure channel coding and

modulation for a second generation digital transmission system for cable systems (DVB-C2), April 2011.

[EG 201 212]

ETSI EG 201 212 V1.2.1: Electrical safety; Classification of interfaces for equipment to be connected to

telecommunication networks, November 1998.

[EN 300 429]

ETSI EN 300 429 V1.2.1: Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and

modulation for cable systems, April 1998.

[EN 50083-1]

CENELEC EN 50083-1: Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services --

Part 1: Safety requirements, 2002.

[EN 50083-2]

CENELEC EN 50083-2: Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services --

Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment, 2005.

[EN 50083-7]

CENELEC EN 50083-7: Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services --

Part 7: System performance, April 1996.

[EN 61000-6-1]

CENELEC EN 61000-6-4: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Part 6-1: Generic standards - Immunity

for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments, October 2001.

[EN 61000-6-3]

CENELEC EN 61000-6-3: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Part 6-3: Generic standards - Emission

standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments, 2003.

[FCC15] Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Part 15, October 2005.

[FCC76] Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Part 76, October 2005.

[GB 8898-2011]

Audio, video and similar electronic apparatus-Safety requirements, Standardization Administration of

People's republic of China (SAC), www.sac.gov.cn

[ISO/IEC-61169-

24]

ISO/IEC-61169-24, Radio-frequency connectors - Part 24: Sectional specification - Radio frequency

coaxial connectors with screw coupling, typically for use in 75 ohm cable distribution systems (type F),

2001.

[ITU-T J.83-B]

Annex B to ITU-T Recommendation J.83 (12/2007), Digital multi-program systems for television sound

and data services for cable distribution.

[SCTE 02] ANSI/SCTE 02, Specification for "F" Port, Female Indoor, 2006.

[SCTE 91] ANSI/SCTE 91 2015, Specification for 5/8-24 RF & AC Equipment Port, Female

[SCTE RMP]

TS46, SCTE Measurement Recommended Practices for Cable Systems, Fourth Edition, March 2012,

http://www.scte.org/ItemDetail?iProductCode=TS46.

2.2 Informative References

This specification uses the following informative references.

Physical Layer Specification CM-SP-PHYv3.1-I12-171026

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[CMB1993]

G. Castagnoli, S. Bräuer, and M. Herrmann, "Optimization of Cyclic Redundancy-Check

Codes with 24 and 32 Parity Bits", IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 41, No. 6, pp.

883-892, June 1993.

[CTA 542]

Cable Television Channel Identification Plan, CTA-542-D, Consumer Technology Association

standard, June 2013

[DOCSIS CCAP-

OSSIv3.1]

DOCSIS 3.1 CCAP Operations Support System Interface Specification, CM-SP-CCAP-

OSSIv3.1-I09-170510, May 10, 2017, Cable Television Laboratories, Inc.

[DOCSIS CM-OSSIv3.1]

DOCSIS 3.1 Cable Modem Operations Support System Interface Specification, CM-SP-CM-

OSSIv3.1-I09-170510, May 10, 2017, Cable Television Laboratories, Inc.

[GB/T 11318.1-1996]

Equipment and components used in cabled distribution systems primarily intended for

television and sound signals--Part 1: Generic specifications, China Zhijian Publish House

SAC.

[ICES 003 Class A] Information Technology Equipment (ITE) — Limits and methods of measurement.

[PHYv3.1 CODECHECK]

CM-PHYv3.1_CODECHECK-131029, Number and size of codewords versus grant sizes,

Cable Television Laboratories, Inc.

https://apps.cablelabs.com/specification/CM-SP-PHYv3.1

[PHYv3.1 QAM]

PHYv3.1QAM Mapping, bit to constellation symbol mapping for DOCSIS 3.1, April 2014,

https://apps.cablelabs.com/specification/CM-SP-PHYv3.1

[NodePortEchoResponse]

CM-PHYv3.1_NodePortEchoResponse-17mmdd.xlsx, Node Port Echo Response

https://apps.cablelabs.com/specification/CM-SP-PHYv3.1

2.3 Reference Acquisition

• Cable Television Laboratories, Inc., 858 Coal Creek Circle, Louisville, CO 80027;

Phone +1-303-661-9100; Fax +1-303-661-9199; http://www.cablelabs.com

• CENELEC: European Committee for Electro-technical Standardization, http://www.cenelec.eu

• Consumer Technology Association, https://www.cta.tech/Research-Standards.aspx

• Ecma International: http://www.ecma-international.org/

• ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute, http://www.etsi.org/standards

• IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force Secretariat, 48377 Fremont Blvd., Suite 117, Fremont, California

94538, USA, Phone: +1-510-492-4080, Fax: +1-510-492-4001, http://www.ietf.org

• ISO: International Organization for Standardization (ISO), https://www.iso.org/home.html

• ITU: International Telecommunications Union (ITU), http://www.itu.int/home/contact/index.html

• SCTE: Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers Inc., 140 Philips Road, Exton, PA 19341; Phone: 610-

363-6888 / 800-542-5040; Fax: 610-363-5898; http://www.scte.org/

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3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

This specification uses the following terms:

Active Channel

Any channel which has been assigned to a cable modem's transmit channel set either in

a registration response message or a dynamic bonding request message, and prior to

registration. After registration, the set of active channels also is called the transmit

channel set. If the CMTS needs to add, remove, or replace channels in the cable

modem's transmit channel set, it uses the dynamic bonding request message with

transmit channel configuration encodings to define the de sired new transmit channel set.

Note that the set of channels actually bursting upstream from a cable modem is a subset

of that cable modem's active channels. In many instances one or all of a cable modem's

active channels will not be bursting, but such quiet channels are still considered active

channels for that cable modem.

Active Subcarrier

1) In a downstream OFDM channel, any subcarrier other than an excluded subcarrier. 2)

In an upstream OFDMA channel, any subcarrier other than an excluded subcarrier

(subcarriers in zero-valued minislots as defined in OFDMA profiles, and unused

subcarriers are considered active subcarriers because they are used in probes).

Adaptive Equalizer

A circuit in a digital receiver that compensates for channel response impairments. In

effect, the circuit creates a digital filter that has approximately the opposite complex

frequency response of the channel through which the desired signal was transmitted.

Adaptive Equalizer Tap

See tap.

Adaptive Pre-Equalizer

A circuit in a DOCSIS 1.1 or newer cable modem that pre-equalizes or pre-distorts the

transmitted upstream signal to compensate for channel response impairments. In effect,

the circuit creates a digital filter that has approximately the opposite complex frequency

response of the channel through which the desired signal is to be transmitted.

Additive White Gaussian

Noise

See thermal noise.

Availability

The ratio of time that a service, device, or network is available for use to total time,

usually expressed as a percentage of the total time. For example, four-nines availability,

written as 99.99%, means that a service is available 8759.12 hours out of 8760 total

hours in a year.

BCH

A class of error correction codes named after the inventors Raj Bose, D. K. Ray-

Chaudhuri, and Alexis Hocquenghem.

Binary Phase Shift Keying

A form of digital modulation in which two phases separated by 180 degrees support the

transmission of one bit per symbol.

Bit Error Rate

See bit error ratio.

Bit Error Ratio

The ratio of errored bits to the total number of bits transmitted, received, or processed

over a defined amount of time. Mathematically, BER = (number of errored bits)/(total

number of bits) or BER = (error count in measurement period)/(bit rate * measurement

period). Usually expressed in scientific notation format. Also called bit error rate.

Bit Loading

The technique of assigning the optimum number of bits (modulation order) for

transmission per subcarrier in an OFDM or OFDMA system.

Burst

A single continuous RF signal from the cable modem upstream transmitter, from

transmitter on to transmitter off.

Burst Noise

1) Another name for impulse noise. 2) A type of noise comprising random and sudden

step-like changes between levels, often occurring in semiconductors. Sometimes called

popcorn noise.

Cable Modem

A modulator-demodulator at the subscriber premises intended for use in conveying data

communications on a cable television system.

Cable Modem Termination

System

A device located at the cable television system headend or distribution hub, which

provides complementary functionality to the cable modems to enable data connectivity to

a wide-area network.

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DOCSIS 3.1 物理层规范：数据电缆服务接口

Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications (DOCSIS 3.0)

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