Linux内核驱动深度解析：设备驱动入门与实践

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本资源名为《Linux设备驱动程序》是一份深入讲解Linux内核驱动技术的重要参考资料。它详细探讨了如何在Linux系统中开发和管理设备驱动程序，包括理解Linux内核的工作原理、设备分类和驱动编写的基本原则。学习者将通过阅读此文档，了解到Linux设备驱动程序设计的关键要素，如字符设备和块设备的区别、中断处理、I/O请求队列等核心概念。《Understanding the Linux Kernel》这本书可能是资源中的一个引荐读物，它提供了对Linux内核深入的理解，这对于驱动程序开发者来说是必不可少的基础。此外，《Linux in a Nutshell》和《Running Linux》这两本书则可能涵盖了操作系统层面的基础知识，为驱动开发提供上下文环境。《Linux Network Administrator's Guide》和《Linux Pocket Guide》则可能关注网络管理和基础配置，这些知识对于驱动程序与网络设备的交互有着直接关系。针对嵌入式系统开发，《Building Embedded Linux Systems》和《Designing Embedded Hardware》两书可能讨论了特定硬件平台下的驱动开发策略和技术挑战。除了书籍，资源还推荐了ONLamp.com网站，这是一个专注于开源技术尤其是Linux、Apache、MySQL以及Perl、Python或PHP等编程语言的综合平台，提供了丰富的技术文章和社区支持，对于驱动开发者来说，这里是获取实践经验和最新技术动态的好去处。此外，O'Reilly出版社举办的会议活动也是提升技能和与行业专家交流的良好平台，这些会议往往围绕最新的工具和系统，帮助驱动程序开发人员紧跟技术潮流。最后，SafariBookshelf作为在线参考库，提供了超过1000本编程和IT专业书籍的搜索服务，订阅者可以直接获得答案，这对于驱动程序开发者在遇到问题时寻求解决方案非常有用。《Linux设备驱动程序.pdf》是一份实用且全面的资源，不仅包括理论知识，还涵盖了实际操作和社区支持，对于希望在这个领域深耕的读者来说，是一部不可或缺的学习宝典。

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

xiv

Preface

Although real hackers can find all the necessary information in the official kernel

sources, usually a written text can be helpful in developing programming skills. The

text you are approaching is the result of hours of patient grepping through the ker-

nel sources, and we hope the final result is worth the effort it took.

The Linux enthusiast should find in this book enough food for her mind to start

playing with the code base and should be able to join the group of developers that is

continuously working on new capabilities and performance enhancements. This

book does not cover the Linux kernel in its entirety, of course, but Linux device

driver authors need to know how to work with many of the kernel’s subsystems.

Therefore, it makes a good introduction to kernel programming in general. Linux is

still a work in progress, and there’s always a place for new programmers to jump into

the game.

If, on the other hand, you are just trying to write a device driver for your own device,

and you don’t want to muck with the kernel internals, the text should be modular-

ized enough to fit your needs as well. If you don’t want to go deep into the details,

you can just skip the most technical sections, and stick to the standard API used by

device drivers to seamlessly integrate with the rest of the kernel.

Organization of the Material

The book introduces its topics in ascending order of complexity and is divided into

two parts. The first part (Chapters 1–11) begins with the proper setup of kernel mod-

ules and goes on to describe the various aspects of programming that you’ll need in

order to write a full-featured driver for a char-oriented device. Every chapter covers a

distinct problem and includes a quick summary at the end, which can be used as a

reference during actual development.

Throughout the first part of the book, the organization of the material moves roughly

from the software-oriented concepts to the hardware-related ones. This organization

is meant to allow you to test the software on your own computer as far as possible

without the need to plug external hardware into the machine. Every chapter includes

source code and points to sample drivers that you can run on any Linux computer.

In Chapters 1 and 1, however, we ask you to connect an inch of wire to the parallel

port in order to test out hardware handling, but this requirement should be manage-

able by everyone.

The second half of the book (Chapters 12–18) describes block drivers and network

interfaces and goes deeper into more advanced topics, such as working with the vir-

tual memory subsystem and with the PCI and USB buses. Many driver authors do

not need all of this material, but we encourage you to go on reading anyway. Much

of the material found there is interesting as a view into how the Linux kernel works,

even if you do not need it for a specific project.

,ch00.11770 Page xiv Thursday, January 27, 2005 12:11 PM

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

Preface

xvii

Safari Enabled

When you see a Safari® Enabled icon on the cover of your favorite tech-

nology book, that means the book is available online through the

O’Reilly Network Safari Bookshelf.

Safari offers a solution that’s better than e-books. It’s a virtual library that lets you

easily search thousands of top tech books, cut and paste code samples, download

chapters, and find quick answers when you need the most accurate, current informa-

tion. Try it for free at http://safari.oreilly.com.

Acknowledgments

This book, of course, was not written in a vacuum; we would like to thank the many

people who have helped to make it possible.

Thanks to our editor, Andy Oram; this book is a vastly better product as a result of

his efforts. And obviously we owe a lot to the smart people who have laid the philo-

sophical and practical foundations of the current free software renaissance.

The first edition was technically reviewed by Alan Cox, Greg Hankins, Hans Ler-

men, Heiko Eissfeldt, and Miguel de Icaza (in alphabetic order by first name). The

technical reviewers for the second edition were Allan B. Cruse, Christian Morgner,

Jake Edge, Jeff Garzik, Jens Axboe, Jerry Cooperstein, Jerome Peter Lynch, Michael

Kerrisk, Paul Kinzelman, and Raph Levien. Reviewers for the third edition were

Allan B. Cruse, Christian Morgner, James Bottomley, Jerry Cooperstein, Patrick

Mochel, Paul Kinzelman, and Robert Love. Together, these people have put a vast

amount of effort into finding problems and pointing out possible improvements to

our writing.

Last but certainly not least, we thank the Linux developers for their relentless work.

This includes both the kernel programmers and the user-space people, who often get

forgotten. In this book, we chose never to call them by name in order to avoid being

unfair to someone we might forget. We sometimes made an exception to this rule

and called Linus by name; we hope he doesn’t mind.

Jon

I must begin by thanking my wife Laura and my children Michele and Giulia for fill-

ing my life with joy and patiently putting up with my distraction while working on

this edition. The subscribers of LWN.net have, through their generosity, enabled

much of this work to happen. The Linux kernel developers have done me a great ser-

vice by letting me be a part of their community, answering my questions, and setting

me straight when I got confused. Thanks are due to readers of the second edition of

this book whose comments, offered at Linux gatherings over much of the world,

,ch00.11770 Page xvii Thursday, January 27, 2005 12:11 PM

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

xviii

Preface

have been gratifying and inspiring. And I would especially like to thank Alessandro

Rubini for starting this whole exercise with the first edition (and staying with it

through the current edition); and Greg Kroah-Hartman, who has brought his consid-

erable skills to bear on several chapters, with great results.

Alessandro

I would like to thank the people that made this work possible. First of all, the incred-

ible patience of Federica, who went as far as letting me review the first edition dur-

ing our honeymoon, with a laptop in the tent. I want to thank Giorgio and Giulia,

who have been involved in later editions of the book and happily accepted to be sons

of “a gnu” who often works late in the night. I owe a lot to all the free-software

authors who actually taught me how to program by making their work available for

anyone to study. But for this edition, I’m mostly grateful to Jon and Greg, who have

been great mates in this work; it couldn’t have existed without each and both of

them, as the code base is bigger and tougher, while my time is a scarcer resource,

always contended for by clients, free software issues, and expired deadlines. Jon has

been a great leader for this edition; both have been very productive and technically

invaluable in supplementing my small-scale and embedded view toward program-

ming with their expertise about SMP and number crunchers.

Greg

I would like to thank my wife Shannon and my children Madeline and Griffin for

their understanding and patience while I took the time to work on this book. If it

were not for their support of my original Linux development efforts, I would not be

able to do this book at all. Thanks also to Alessandro and Jon for offering to let me

work on this book; I am honored that they let me participate in it. Much gratitude is

given to all of the Linux kernel programmers, who were unselfish enough to write

code in the public view, so that I and others could learn so much from just reading it.

Also, for everyone who has ever sent me bug reports, critiqued my code, and flamed

me for doing stupid things, you have all taught me so much about how to be a better

programmer and, throughout it all, made me feel very welcome to be part of this

community. Thank you.

,ch00.11770 Page xviii Thursday, January 27, 2005 12:11 PM

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