一键打印版英语四级真题2017-2020：大学生二手电脑出售广告

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2017年6月大学英语四级真题（卷一）Part I: Writing In this section of the exam, students were given 25 minutes to write an advertisement to sell a computer on their campus website. The advertisement needed to include the brand, specifications/features, condition and price of the computer, as well as the seller's contact information. Students were required to write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II: Listening Following the writing section, students would then move on to the listening portion of the exam. Overall, these two sections tested students' ability to communicate in written English and to comprehend spoken English. It required students to effectively convey information in a clear and concise manner while also demonstrating their understanding of spoken English through listening comprehension. The exam served as a comprehensive assessment of the students' English language skills and their ability to effectively communicate in both written and spoken English. Students were expected to showcase their proficiency in English grammar, vocabulary, and syntax, as well as their ability to understand and respond to spoken English. In conclusion, the 2017 June College English Test (CET) Level 4 exam tested students' abilities in writing and listening. It aimed to evaluate their language proficiency and communication skills in English.

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C) People discovered their medicinal value.

D) Farm machines helped lower their prices.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) She could update her family any time she liked.

B) She could call up her family whenever she liked

C) She could locate her friends wherever they were.

D) She could download as many pictures as she liked.

20. A) She liked to inform her friends about her success.

B) She enjoyed reading her friends’ status updates.

C) She felt quite popular among them.

D) She felt she was a teenager again.

21. A) She could barely respond to all her 500 Facebook friends.

B) She spent more time updating her friends than her family.

C) She could barely balance Facebook updates and her work.

D) She didn’t seem to be doing as well as her Facebook friends.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) They have strong muscles.

B) They live a longer life than horses.

C) They eat much less in winter.

D) They can work longer than donkeys.

23. A) It was a pet of a Spanish king.

B) It was bought by George Washington.

C) It was brought over from Spain.

D) It was donated by a U.S. Ambassador.

24. A) They met and exchanged ideas on animal breeding.

B) They participated in a mule-driving competition.

C) They showed and traded animals in the market.

D) They fed mules with the best food they could find.

25. A) The wider use of horses. B) The arrival of tractors.

C) A shrinking animal trade. D) A growing donkey population.

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Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word

for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage

through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please

mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You

may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only

your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During

(26)_______ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle

performance can also be affected by a (27)_______ called "central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the

body’s chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements

（28)_______. It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not

directly (29) _______ in the exercise itself, such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers

gave 11 volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate (碳水化合物的）(30)_______ either with a moderate dose of

caffeine (咖啡因)，which is known to stimulate the central nervous system, or as a placebo (安慰剂）

without, during 3 hours of (31)_______ . After exercising, the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-

tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still (32)_______ their visual system. The team found

that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, (33)_______ their ability to capture

new visual information. The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was (34)_______ to

reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying (35)_______ eye movement speeds. So it might be

a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.

A) cautiously

B) commit

C) control

D) cycling

E) effectively

F)increased

G) involved

H) limited

I) phenomenon

J) preventing

K) sensitive

L) slowing

M) solution

N) sufficient

O) vigorous

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each

statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the

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information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a

letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Team spirit

[A] Teams have become the basic building blocks of organizations. Recruitment advertisements

routinely call for “team players”. Business schools grade their students in part on their performance in

group projects. Office managers knock down walls to encourage team building. Teams are as old as

civilization, of course: even Jesus had 12 co-workers. But a new report by Deloitte, “Global Human

Capital Trends”, based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the

fashion for teamwork has reached a new high. Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were

either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on (开始）it; and for the most part, restructuring

meant putting more emphasis on teams.

[B] Companies are abandoning conventional functional departments and organising employees into

cross-disciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or customers. These teams are

gaining more power to run their own affairs. They are also spending more time working with each other

rather than reporting upwards. Deloitte argues that a new organisational form is on the rise: a network of

teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy (等级体制).

[C] The fashion for teams is driven by a sense that the old way of organising people is too rigid for

both the modem marketplace and the expectations of employees. Technological innovation places greater

value on agility (灵活性).John Chambers, chairman of Cisco Systems Inc., a worldwide leader in

electronics products, says that “we compete against market transitions (过渡)，not competitors. Product

transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or two. ” Digital technology also makes it

easier for people to co-ordinate their activities without resorting to hierarchy. The “millennials” (千禧一

代) who will soon make up half the workforce in rich countries were raised from nursery school onwards

to work in groups.

[D] The fashion for teams is also spreading from the usual corporate suspects (such as GE and IBM)

to some more unusual ones. The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff

into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely

instead of being separated by speciality (专业)and rank. The US Army has gone the same way. In his

book, “Team of Teams' General Stanley McChrystal describes how the army’s hierarchical structure

hindered its operations during the early stages of the Iraq war. His solution was to learn something from

the insurgents it was fighting: decentralise authority to self-organising teams.

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[E] A good rule of thumb is that as soon as generals and hospital administrators jump on a

management bandwagon, it is time to ask questions. Leigh Thompson of Kellogg School of Management

in Illinois warns that, ‘Teams are not always the answer—teams may provide insight, creativity and

knowledge in a way that a person working independently cannot; but teamwork may also lead to

confusion, delay and poor decision-making.” The late Richard Hackman of Harvard University once

argued, “I have no question that when you have a team, the possibility exists that it will generate magic,

producing something extraordinary... But don’t count on it.”

[F] Hackman (who died in 2013) noted that teams are hampered by problems of co-ordination and

motivation that chip away at the benefits of collaboration. High-flyers forced to work in teams may be

undervalued and free-riders empowered. Groupthink may be unavoidable. In a study of 120 teams of

senior executives, he discovered that less than 10% of their supposed members agreed on who exactly

was on the team. If it is hard enough to define a team’s membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder

still.

[G] Profound changes in the workforce are making teams trickier to manage. Teams work best if

their members have a strong common culture. This is hard to achieve when, as is now the case in many

big firms, a large proportion of staff are temporary contractors. Teamwork improves with time: America’s

National Transportation Safety Board found that 73% of the incidents in its civil-aviation database

occurred on a crew’s first day of flying together. However, as Amy Edmondson of Harvard points out,

organisations increasingly use “team” as a verb rather than a noun: they form teams for specific purposes

and then quickly disband them.

[H] The least that can be concluded from this research is that companies need to think harder about

managing teams. They need to rid their minds of sentimentalism (感情用事)：the most successful teams

have leaders who are able to set an overall direction and take immediate action. They need to keep teams

small and focused: giving in to pressure to be more “inclusive” is a guarantee of dysfunction. Jeff Bezos,

Amazon’s boss, says that “If I see more than two pizzas for lunch, the team is too big.” They need to

immunize teams against group-think: Hackman argued that the best ones contain “deviants” (离经叛道

者）who are willing to do something that maybe upsetting to others.

[I] A new study of 12,000 workers in 17 countries by Steelcase, a furniture-maker which also does

consulting, finds that the best way to ensure employees are “engaged” is to give them more control over

where and how they do their work―which may mean liberating them from having to do everything in

collaboration with others.

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[J] However, organisations need to learn something bigger than how to manage teams better: they

need to be in the habit of asking themselves whether teams are the best tools for the job. Teambuilding

skills are in short supply: Deloitte reports that only 12% of the executives they contacted feel they

understand the way people work together in networks and only 21% feel confident in their ability to build

cross-functional teams. Loosely managed teams can become hotbeds of distraction―employees routinely

complain that they can’t get their work done because they are forced to spend too much time in meetings

or compelled to work in noisy offices. Even in the age of open-plan offices and social networks some

work is best left to the individual.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

36. Successful team leaders know exactly where the team should go and are able to take prompt action.

37. Decentralisation of authority was also found to be more effective in military operations.

38. In many companies, the conventional form of organisation is giving way to a network of teams.

39. Members of poorly managed teams are easily distracted from their work.

40. Teamwork is most effective when team members share the same culture.

41. According to a report by Deloitte, teamwork is becoming increasingly popular among companies.

42. Some team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team’s purpose.

43. Some scholars think teamwork may not always be reliable, despite its potential to work wonders.

44. To ensure employees’ commitment, it is advisable to give them more flexibility as to where

and how they work.

45. Product transitions take much less time now than in the past.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should

decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through

the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money, research has shown.

Penny-pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidl

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