Objective-C编程基础教程第二版

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"Objective-C for Absolute Beginners, 2nd Edition" 是一本面向完全初学者的Objective-C编程书籍，旨在教授如何使用Objective-C进行iPhone、iPad和Mac的编程。这本书由Gary Bennett、Mitchell Fisher和Brad Lees撰写，于2011年由Apress出版社发行，包含340页内容，ISBN号为978-1-4302-3653-5，文件格式为PDF，大小为8.83 MB。本书内容涵盖了从编程基础到高级Objective-C概念的多个章节，包括： 1. **编程基础**：在第一章中，作者引导读者踏上成为一名优秀的iOS或Mac程序员之路，介绍编程的基本概念和思维方式。 2. **基本编程元素**：第二章深入探讨编程的基本元素，如变量、数据类型、运算符等。 3. **数据处理**：第三章讨论如何在程序中管理数据，包括数据存储和数据类型。 4. **决策与流程控制**：第四章讲解条件语句和循环结构，帮助读者理解如何根据条件控制程序的执行流程。 5. **面向对象编程**：第五章介绍了Objective-C中的核心面向对象编程概念，如类、对象和继承。 6. **Objective-C和Xcode入门**：第六章教授如何使用Xcode开发环境，以及Objective-C语言的基础语法。 7. **类、对象和方法**：第七章进一步深入Objective-C的类定义、对象实例化和方法调用。 8. **Objective-C编程基础**：第八章继续深化Objective-C编程知识，涵盖更多语言特性。 9. **数据比较**：第九章讲解如何在程序中比较和操作数据。 10. **用户界面创建**：第十章介绍如何设计和实现用户交互界面，提供良好的用户体验。 11. **信息存储**：第十一章涉及数据持久化，如文件存储和数据库使用。 12. **协议与委托**：第十二章介绍了Objective-C中的协议和委托机制，这是实现对象间通信的关键。 13. **内存、地址和指针**：第十三章讲解内存管理，包括内存地址和指针的概念，这对于优化代码性能至关重要。 14. **Xcode调试器**：第十四章介绍了Xcode的调试工具，帮助开发者找出和修复代码中的问题。通过这本书，初学者不仅可以学习Objective-C语言，还能了解苹果平台的开发实践，逐步成长为一名熟练的iOS或Mac开发者。此外，书后的索引方便读者快速查找所需信息。

CHAPTER 1: Becoming a Great iOS or Mac Programmer

the developer to step through the program to find out why the application is not working

as designed. Figure 1–3 shows the complete software development cycle.

Figure 1–3. The typical software development cycle

Frequently during testing and debugging, changes to the requirements (design) must

occur to make the application more usable for the customer. After the design

requirements and user interface changes are made, the process begins over again.

At some point, the application that everyone has been working so hard on must be

shipped to the iTunes App Store. Many considerations are taken into account when this

happens:

 Cost of development

 Budget

 Stability of the application

 Return on investment

There is always the give-and-take between developers and management. Developers

want the app perfect and management wants to start realizing revenue from the

investment as soon as possible. If the release date were left up to the developers, the

app would likely never ship to the App Store. Developers would continue to tweak the

app forever, making it faster, more efficient, and more usable. At some point, however,

the code needs to be pried from the developers’ hands and uploaded to the App Store

so it can do what it was meant to do.

Introducing Object Oriented Programming

As discussed in detail in the Introduction, Alice enables us to focus on object oriented

programming (OOP) without having to cover all the Objective-C programming syntax

and complex Xcode development environment in one big step. Instead, we can focus on

learning the basic principles of OOP and using those principles quickly to write our first

programs.

For decades, developers have been trying to figure out a better way to develop code

that is reusable, manageable, and easily maintained over the life of a project. OOP was

designed to help achieve code reuse and maintainability while reducing the cost of

software development.

CHAPTER 1: Becoming a Great iOS or Mac Programmer

All objects have data that describes those objects. This data is defined as properties.

Each property describes the associated object in a specific way. For example, the jet

object’s properties might be as follows:

altitude = 10,000 feet

heading = North

speed = 500 knots

pitch = 10 degrees

yaw = 20 degrees

latitude = 33.575776

longitude = -111.875766

For our UITableView object in Figure 1–5, the following might be our properties:

backGroundColor = Red

selectedRow = 3

animateView = No

An object’s properties can be changed at any time when our program is running, when

the user interacts with the app, or when the programmer designs the app to accomplish

the design requirements. The values stored in the properties of an object at a specific

time are collectively called the state of an object.

State is an important concept in computer programming. When teaching students about

state, we ask them to go over to a window and find an airplane in the sky. We then ask

them to snap their fingers and make up some of the values that the plane’s properties

might have at that specific time. Those values might be

altitude = 10,000 feet

latitude = 33.575776

longitude = -111.875766

Those values represent the state of the object at the specific time that they snapped

their fingers.

After waiting a couple minutes, we ask the students to find that same plane, snap their

fingers again, and record the plane’s possible state at that specific point in time.

The values of the properties might then be something like

altitude = 10,500 feet

latitude = 33.575665

longitude = -111.875777

Notice how the state of the object changes over time.

Working with the Alice Interface

Alice offers a great approach in using the concepts that we have just discussed without

all the complexity of learning Xcode and the Objective-C language at the same time. It

takes only a few minutes to familiarize oneself with the Alice interface and begin writing

a program.

The Introduction of this book describes how to download Alice. After it’s downloaded

and installed, you need to open Alice. It will look like Figure 1–6.

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